Now showing 1 - 10 of 20
  • Some of the metrics are blocked by your 
    Item type:Publication,
    Quality attributes of parboiled rice prepared with a parboiling process using a rotating sieve system
    The aim of this study is to apply a rotating sieve system to the parboiling process for parboiled rice production. The parboiling time and rotation speed were the main production factors affecting the quality attributes of the parboiled rice, including the degree of starch gelatinization (DG), fissure percentage, head rice yield (HRY), white belly, and color. The results showed that the parboiling process with a rotating sieve can decrease the parboiling time required to provide an even quality of parboiled rice. The parboiling time for an even quality of parboiled rice was 5 min at rotation speeds of 10 and 15 rpm, while the parboiling time at a rotation speed of 5 rpm was 10 min. These times were shorter than that with a fixed sieve (15 min). Moreover, the parboiling process using a rotating sieve system provided better qualities of parboiled rice than that using the fixed sieve system, including higher DG and HRY and lower fissure and whiteness percentages. Additionally, the values of DG and HRY were increased with increasing parboiling time. In contrast, the fissure and whiteness percentages of the parboiled rice decreased. However, the quality of the parboiled rice was not dependent on the rotation speed.
  • Some of the metrics are blocked by your 
    Item type:Publication,
    Testing and evaluation of banana (‘Kluay Lab Mue Nang’) wholesale packaging in Chumphon province, Thailand under transport simulation
    (2019-01-01)
    Ruttanadech, N.
    ;
    Saewanarak, A.
    ;
    ;
    This research evaluated the effects of foam packaging on wholesale packages of banana (‘Kluay Lab Mue Nang’) in Chumphon province, Thailand. The experiment was divided into 3 experimental sets, namely, 1) foam net (FN); 2) expanded polyethylene foam (EPE); and 3) controlled sample without use packaging (NOP) and damages were categorized into three types which were bruising, abrasion and laceration. Vibration tests were performed following the standard method of ASTM D999 Method A2 using the frequency of 4 Hz for one hour. Results revealed that the total damage of EPE (bruising, abrasion, and laceration) was higher than that of FN. When considering the percentage of damage area, it was found that the damage percentages of EPE caused by bruising and abrasion were 7.41 and 3.28%, respectively, and the damage percentages of FN caused by bruising and abrasion were 5.73 and 3.82%, respectively. There was no damage from laceration detected. The results showed that FN had the greatest reduction in damage. The controlled sample (NOP) had a total damage of 20.79%.
      1
  • Some of the metrics are blocked by your 
    Item type:Publication,
    Recycling spent bleaching earth and oil palm ash to tile production: Impact on properties, utilization, and microstructure
    Spent bleaching earth (SBE) and oil palm ash (PA) were recycled to utilize as substitute material for producing tile. The proper quantity of SBE and PA in three clay groups (40, 60, and 80% by weight) was explored combined with varying compression pressure (90, 100 and 110 bar) and firing temperature (1000 and 1100 °C). All conditions were analyzed the influence and interaction of producing factors, i.e. mixture (M), compression pressure (C), and firing temperature (F) on tile attributes. Tile utilizations (water absorption, strength, acid resistance, color and leaching heavy metal) and cost were compared with the commercial tile. The microstructures were also examined. Results found that the mixture B at high clay group provided low water absorption ≈ 5–6%, moderate TBL ≈620–630 N, low corrosion ≈0.015–0.026%, and there were cheaper cost and better utilizations than commercial tile. Mixture B detected enough quartz and mullite which provided more strength. Hence, the SBE and OPA can be utilized for tile production with the tile properties agreed with industrial standard.
      3
  • Some of the metrics are blocked by your 
    Item type:Publication,
    Fabrication of Eco-Friendly Pineapple Leaf Fiber-Based Vegan Leather for Environmental Sustainability
    (2026-01-20) ; ; ;
    Eiangmee, Orranat
    ;
    Maikaew, Jatuphat
    The environmental impact of synthetic leather production has raised global concerns due to its reliance on petroleum-based polymers and poor biodegradability. Therefore, the development of sustainable, eco-friendly alternatives using renewable resources has become increasingly important. A biodegradable vegan leather was developed from natural rubber and pineapple leaf fibers (PALF), with properties analyzed using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The effects of fiber content (X1), compression time (X2), and compression temperature (X3) were studied on biodegradation (Y1), water absorption (Y2), and tensile strength (Y3). Results showed that all three factors significantly influenced Y1, with the predictive model demonstrating high reliability (R > 90%). The optimum condition for Y1 was X1 = 3.0 g, X2 = 70.0 min, and X3 = 110.0 C, yielding a maximum predicted biodegradation of about 21%. In contrast, the models for Y2 and Y3 were statistically unreliable (P > 0.05) due to low R² values. However, Y2 passed the lack-of-fit test, suggesting an adequate model form, while Y3 failed (P < 0.05), indicating an inadequate prediction model. These findings suggest future experiments should narrow factor ranges and include additional control variables to improve the predictability of Y2 and Y3. Despite these limitations, the study highlights a sustainable alternative to conventional synthetic leather, aligning with circular economy principles and supporting the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Importantly, the process is resource-efficient: from 1 kg of pineapple leaves, only 20 g of fibers is obtained, and just 75 g of PALF was used in 15 experimental runs. This minimal material requirement underscores the potential of the approach for sustainable production, while highlighting potential applications in sustainable fashion, packaging, and eco-friendly product design.
      6
  • Some of the metrics are blocked by your 
    Item type:Publication,
    Production of Biomass Briquette from Residual Bleaching Earth and Empty Palm Bunch
    (2017-01-01) ; ;
    Wongpitithawat, Pitiwat
    ;
    The-Eye, Korawit
    ;
    Wongkeaw, Kittipong
    Bleaching earth (BE) and empty palm bunches (EPB) are residual materials in the palm oil production process. Inside BE consisted of copious oil quantities, in the same way, the EPB had the high heating value. These residual materials could be recycled to become the biomass briquettes (BB). Therefore, this work investigated the BB production at the different condition. The compression temperature was 150, 250 and 350°C. The compressive velocity was 30, 40 and 50 rpm. The mixture ratio by weight between BE and EPB was 30:70, 40:60, 50:50, 60:40 and 70:30. After production, the BB were examined the fuel properties, i.e., moisture content (MC), ash content (AC), the heating value (HV), the fixed carbon content (FC) and volatile matter content (VC). Experimental results showed the MC, HV, FC and VC diminished with the decrease of EPB quantity. The AC increased with the augmentation of BE content. The BB production rate increased with the compression velocity by it had the maximum production rate about 390 pieces per hour at the velocity of 50 rpm. Moreover, the increased velocity affected the diminution of HV, fixed carbon, moisture and volatile matter for some the mixture ratio and compression temperature. The alteration of compression temperature insignificantly affected the quantity of HV for some the mixture ratio and compression velocity. The BB production should be produced at the ratio of 30:70 combined with the compressive speed and temperature of 30 rpm and 250°C, respectively. This condition gave the high HV, the low moisture content corresponded with the standard of fuel properties, excepting, the quantity of ash and fixed carbon.
      3
  • Some of the metrics are blocked by your 
    Item type:Publication,
    Increasing energy efficiency of the Cissus quadrangularis drying by hot air fluidization technique
    (2017-01-01)
    Promnuch, Jutamas
    ;
    Junka, Nittaya
    ;
    Wongs-Aree, Chalermchai
    ;
    Soponronnarit, Somchart
    ;
    The aim of this paper is to increase energy efficiency by reducing specific energy consumption (SEC) during Cissus quadrangularis drying. The fresh sample, with a high moisture content of 90 ± 2 % wet basis (w.b.), was dried by hot air Fluidized bed technique at temperatures of 90, 110, 130 and 150°C to a final moisture content of 5 % (w.b.) and then was compared to the results of tray drying at a low temperature of 50°C, following a method by Tha Sae Hospital in Chumphon province, Thailand. The drying kinetic result revealed that fluidization drying had a higher rate of water removal than the tray drying method. That rate directly correlated with the drying temperature; it increased with an increase of drying temperature. With the increasing of the rate, it resulted in a decreasing of SEC. Although using a drying temperature of 150°C had the highest rate of water removal and subsequently had the lowest SEC, it negatively affected the antioxidant activity of the sample. To dry Cissus quadrangularis with the lowest SEC as possible, it should be dried by hot air fluidization at a drying temperature of 110°C. At this drying condition, there is still a high rate of water removal and a low effect of the desired qualities of the sample.
      2
  • Some of the metrics are blocked by your 
    Item type:Publication,
    Modeling heat and mass transfer–induced stresses in germinated brown rice kernels during fluidized bed drying
    (2016-04-25) ;
    Soponronnarit, Somchart
    ;
    Thuwapanichayanan, Ratiya
    ;
    Prachayawarakorn, Somkiat
    ABSTRACT: A study of stress distribution inside a germinated brown rice (GBR) kernel during drying is important to understand the fissure formation of GBR and hence control the drying process in order to improve the quality of GBR. In this study, a finite element method performed in three dimensions in conjunction with the heat and mass balance of the drying system was developed to describe moisture, temperature, and stress distributions inside GBR kernels during fluidized bed drying. The modeling was carried out using the coupling of heat and mass transfer and validated with experimental data at 90–150°C. The results of moisture and temperature predictions agreed well with the experiments. During drying, tensile stress occurred at the layers close to surface and compressive stress occurred at the inner portion of a kernel. The tensile and compressive stresses increased to the highest value at about 30 s of drying, corresponding to the highest moisture gradient, and then decreased afterwards. The tensile and compressive stresses were higher at a higher drying temperature. These stress prediction results corresponded to the experiments, which show more severe GBR fissuring at higher drying temperatures.
      1
  • Some of the metrics are blocked by your 
    Item type:Publication,
    Preparation and evaluation of blend polymer films for wound dressing using vancomycin-loaded polycaprolactone and carboxymethyl cellulose via crosslinking methods: Effect of mechanical strength, antibacterial activity, and cytotoxicity
    (2024-03-01)
    Meedecha, Paweena
    ;
    ;
    Eawsakul, Komgrit
    ;
    Ongtanasup, Tassanee
    ;
    Tambunlertchai, Supreeda
    Polycaprolactone (PCL) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) are two materials with beneficial properties for wound healing applications. Here, the simple preparation of PCL/CMC polymer films via the crosslinking method was demonstrated for the first time. The polymer films represented the suitable properties of liquid absorption and tensile strength to be used as a wound dressing. The blend polymer films can also load the vancomycin, which prolongs the drug release for effectiveness against S. aureus. The trifluoroethanol showed less toxicity in comparison with other crosslinking agents. This process can also be applied further in other medical devices and wound healing applications.
      2
  • Some of the metrics are blocked by your 
    Item type:Publication,
    Preparation and characterization of fuel briquettes made from dual agricultural waste: Cashew nut shells and areca nuts
    The purpose of this work was fuel briquettes production from cashew nut shells (CNS) and areca nut shells (ANS) with the operating parameters of the compressed screw speed (70 and 90 rpm), the mixture of CNS, ANS, and cassava flour (binder) in the unit by weight percent (6 proportions), and the CNS size (small and large). The effects of these parameters on the production rate, mechanical properties (hardness and porosity), and fuel properties, i.e., moisture content (MC), calorific value (CV), volatile matter content (VM), ash content (AC), fixed carbon content (FC), and combustion rate (CR), were investigated. The fuel application for cooking was evaluated with the flame temperature (FT), water boiling test (WBT), thermal efficiency (TE), and greenhouse gases (GHG) emission. Experimental results showed that the speed had the most effect on the production rate, while the CR got the least effect from all parameters compared to the other properties. The briquette should be produced using small CNS with the mixture of CNS 65%, ANS 25% and, cassava flour 10% (by weight) at speed of 90 rpm which provided the high production rate together with satisfying fuel properties, unless the CR was low. The fuel briquette showed the potential for cooking in acceptable level with the low GHG emission.
      4
  • Some of the metrics are blocked by your 
    Item type:Publication,
    Charcoal briquette production from waste in the coffee production process using hydrothermal and torrefaction techniques: A comparative study with carbonization technique
    (2022-10-20) ; ;
    Ruttanadech, Nuttapong
    ;
    ;
    This research aimed to study charcoal briquette production from coffee production waste, i.e., coffee parchment (CP) and coffee cherry pulp (CCP). The carbonization technique (CT) was studied in five mixtures (CP and CCP ≈ 0–90%) and three pressures (1000–1600 psi) to determine the appropriate conditions. The torrefaction technique (TT) and hydrothermal technique (HT) were subsequently performed under proper conditions from the CT to investigate further the fit temperatures (200–260 °C) and reaction times (40–120 min). The fuel characteristics were examined regarding the calorific value (CV), proximate and ultimate analyses, mechanical properties, and utilization properties. The results demonstrated the notable influence of interaction between the mixture and pressure factors and individual mixture on the fuel properties, whereas personal pressure have an insignificant effect. The ratio of CP ≈ 90% and binder ≈10% at a pressure of 1600 psi in the CT prepared appropriate fuel properties (calorific value ≈ 27 MJ/kg, fixed carbon content ≈ 65%). Interestingly, almost all conditions of the TT and HT provided greenhouse gas emissions lower than the CT. The TT and HT at 260 °C for 120 min provided high calorific values (25–26 MJ/kg) with other fuel characteristics in the acceptable standard, except for the fixed carbon content.
      6