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    Item type:Publication,
    A computational model of magnetic fluid flow based on Maxwell's equation and Navier-Stokes equations
    (2006-01-01)
    Lohakan, Meechai
    ;
    Janchaichanakun, Pisuit
    ;
    ; ;
    Sangworasil, M.
    The magnetic liquids such as ferrofluids, biocompatible magnetic nanocarrier, play an important role as drug carriers in the human body. Based on Maxwell's equation and Navier-Stokes equations, a time-dependent analysis of a two-dimensional computational model of magnetic fluid flow is purposed. The FEM is applied to solve Maxwell's equation for a static magnetic field, and Navier-Stokes equations for fluid dynamics. The result of magnetic field has some influences to ferrofluid dynamic flow in blood vessel. ©2006 IEEE.
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    Item type:Publication,
    A system identification model for ultrasonic characterization of a swollen PVA hydrogel
    (2008-10-06)
    Lohakan, M.
    ;
    Jamnongkan, T.
    ;
    Kaewpirom, S.
    ;
    In this paper, the development of an ultrasonic characterization method for Poly-Vinyl Alcohol (PVA) hydrogel incorporating diffraction effects is purposed. The Lommel integral, diffraction correction procedure, is applied to the model. Nonlinear least square algorithm, iterative computation in forward model, is employed to minimize the error of the predicted parameters efficiently. To validate the model, the ultrasonic signal is measured in the reflection mode experiment. The system consists of PVA hydrogel as a testing sample immersed in water tank and 10 MHz unfocused piston transducer. Before the transducer is utilized to generate the ultrasonic beam, the alignment between sample and transducer must proceed to get the maximum spectrum of the ultrasonic incident beam. The properties of PVA hydrogel in the experimental results are shown in density, dispersion and thickness in micron scale. Finally, the purposed model has potential to estimate other parameters such as the scatterer size in future work. © 2008 IEEE.
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    A new magnetic configuration for a small in-plane electromagnetic acoustic transducer applied to laser-ultrasound measurements: Modelling and validation
    (2006-01-10)
    Dutton, B.
    ;
    ;
    Dewhurst, R. J.
    This paper presents an enhanced in-plane electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT) for detecting laser-generated ultrasound. Instead of using post-processing of numerical data to enhance signal-to-noise, the paper describes a new EMAT design to increase the magnetic flux density applied to the sample. The EMAT's magnetic flux density was modelled in 3D using a finite element software to predict new magnetic spatial field distributions. A configuration was found to increase the flux density by a factor of 1.8 ± 0.2, compared to magnetic configurations previously used in conventional designs. Field predictions were implemented and confirmed experimentally. As a consequence, laser-ultrasound Rayleigh waves have been used to validate the performance of this sensor system. It was found that the EMAT's in-plane sensitivity increased by a factor of 2.0 ± 0.2. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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    Signal enhancement in Rayleigh wave interactions using a laser-ultrasound/EMAT imaging system
    (2005-06-01) ;
    Dewhurst, R. J.
    Enhancement of signal amplitudes from Rayleigh wave interaction at solid surface features has been investigated when signals were detected by an in-plane electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT). A laser-ultrasound system was used to inspect surface-breaking slots, serving as artificial defects. Nd:YAG laser pulses were delivered onto a metal surface via an optical fiber and focused to a line source by a cylindrical lens. An in-plane EMAT receiver detected transient surface acoustic waves. A-scan signals and B-scan images from surface defects revealed increased signal amplitude up to 2.8 ± 0.3 depending on the distance of the transducer from a slot. An explanation is based on the interaction of the EMAT sensor with the Rayleigh wave. A supporting computer model was derived to show that experimental signal enhancements were consistent with numerical predictions. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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    Item type:Publication,
    Time dependent analysis of magnetic fluid based on Navier-Stokes equations, Maxwell's equations and heat equations
    (2006-08-01)
    Lohakan, M.
    ;
    Wiriyanuruknakorn, Ornanong
    ;
    ;
    In this paper, time dependent analysis of magnetic fluid is purposed. The ferrofluids is a biocompatible magnetic nanocarrier, which play an important role as drug carrier in the human body to treat the tumor or cancer. The various types of cancerous cells have been studied from the mathematical point of view. Based on Navier-Stokes equations, Maxwell's equation and Heat equation, two models of time dependent analysis are created and compared. A finite element method, which is used to solve those equations, of two-dimensional computational models of magnetic fluid flow is employed to simulate the velocity field and heat diffusion in the models. To reduce side effect of global drug therapy, the results of simulation show that the ferrofluids can be focused in interested area efficiently.
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    Pulsed photoacoustic signal characterization incorporating near- and far-field diffraction effects
    (2005-01-01) ;
    Dewhurst, R. J.
    For the interpretation of photoacoustic waveforms, a diffraction correction method is presented based on an exact Lommel diffraction formulation. It is already known that tissue optical absorption coefficients may be determined by using a time resolved analysis. Normally, corresponding experiments measure signals close (a few mm) to a photoacoustic source. However, it is sometimes desirable to perform signal detection at distances extending towards the far field. Changes in pulse shape occur as a photoacoustic wave propagates into the far field, due to diffraction effects from the finite source/detector geometry. The paper presents a new method to recover initial photoacoustic signal profiles. Photoacoustic pressure signals in the frequency range of 100 kHz to 12.5 MHz were considered in this paper. Experimental evidence validates results predicted for the case of a 1.0 mm hydrophone. © 2005 IOP Publishing Ltd.
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    Item type:Publication,
    A computational model of ferrofluid flow using Maxwell's equations and Navier-Stokes equations
    (2006-12-01)
    Lohakan, M.
    ;
    Yensiri, C.
    ;
    ;
    The ferrofluid is a biocompatible magnetic nanocarrier, which play an important role as drug carrier in the human body to treat the tumor or cancer. The various types of cancerous cells have been studied from the mathematical point of view. Based on Maxwell's equations and Navier-Stokes equations, a finite element method of a two-dimensional computational model of magnetic fluid flow is purposed. The time-dependent finite element method is used to examine the velocity field of ferrofluids in blood vessel. To reduce side effect of global drug therapy, the results of simulation show that the ferrofluids can be focused in interested area efficiently. © 2006 Research Publishing Services.
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    A sensitive electromagnetic acoustic transducer for picometer-scale ultrasonic displacement measurements
    (2006-03-13) ;
    Dewhurst, R. J.
    The paper presents a novel design of an electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT) for non-contact ultrasonic measurements. An EMAT sensor has been miniaturized with an overall receiver size to 1.0 cm diameter. It has been combined with a specially designed low noise preamplifier. Calibration procedures with a Michelson interferometer revealed that the EMAT sensor detected small displacement amplitudes as low as 1.0 ± 0.2 pm in aluminium samples, with a signal bandwidth up to 7.5 MHz (-3 dB). Alternatively, the sensitivity figure can be expressed in terms of a noise-equivalent displacement spectrum as 4.2 × 10 <sup>-17</sup> mHz <sup>-1/2</sup>. The absolute sensitivity of the EMAT was 1.98 ± 0.50 V pm <sup>-1</sup> for the detection of longitudinal ultrasonic waves. This sensitivity is compared with other forms of ultrasonic transducer. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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    Electrical response characterisation of poly(ethylene glycol) macromer (PEGM)/chitosan hydrogels in NaCl solution
    (2006-07-01)
    Kaewpirom, Supranee
    ;
    Interpenetrating polymer network hydrogels composed of poly(ethylene glycol) macromer (PEGM) and chitosan were synthesised by UV irradiation of solutions in a mild aqueous media. The IPN hydrogels exhibited the equilibrium water content (EWC) in the range of 86-94%. The hydrogels were characterised using FT-IR, FT-Raman spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results from DSC measurements indicate that the melting endotherms of PEGM, within the hydrogels, decreased in intensities and shifted to lower temperatures comparing with a linear PEGM. This was due to the decrease of the crystallinity in the IPN hydrogels with higher contents of PEGM. The electrical response of the IPN hydrogels was also investigated by applying electrical current to the hydrogels immersed in a NaCl solution. The extent of a bending degree of the IPN hydrogel depends on the IPN hydrogel composition and applied electric field strength. © 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    A computational model of magnetic drug targeting in blood vessel using finite element method
    (2007-10-18)
    Lohakan, M.
    ;
    Junchaichanakun, P.
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    ;
    This paper purposes a numerical model of drug targeting using wedge-like magnetic device. The magnetic liquids play a crucial role as drug carriers in the human body. The wedgelike magnetic is also utilized to focus magnetic liquids. The Finite Element Method, FEM, is applied to solve two Important sets of partial differential equation. Electromagnetic field is described by Maxwell equation and velocity field is expressed by Navier-Stoke equation. The result shows the potential to target drug in the tumor cell locally. © 2007 IEEE.