Kingkaew, Engkarat

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Kingkaew, Engkarat
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Email
engkarat.ki@kmitl.ac.th

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    Cosmeceutical applications of the yeast beta-glucan and its beneficial skin effects
    (2024-09-16)
    Kingkaew, Engkarat
    ;
    Panngeun, Thanapol
    ;
    Jumi, Woratep
    ;
    Tanasupawat, Somboon
    The skin, our body's largest organ, comprises the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue, playing a crucial role in protection and regulation. Beta-glucans (BG), derived from yeast by-products, exhibit cosmeceutical properties with applications in skincare. This chapter details the skin's structure and beta-glucans' molecular characteristics, emphasizing their solubility influenced by branching and polymerization. The beneficial features of BG for the skin, including antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and wound healing properties, are explored. In particular, BG's antioxidant capacity mitigates oxidative stress, while its immunomodulation aids in inflammation regulation and potential skin cancer prevention. The chapter also highlights BG's role in wound healing, tissue repair, and its anti-aging effects, demonstrating its versatility in skincare applications. Commercial products incorporating BG underscore its increasing presence in skincare formulations, aligning with consumer preferences for natural bioactive ingredients. Despite significant progress, further research is needed to explore BG's impact on complex skin systems and its potential in managing various skin conditions. The utilization of industrial by-products, such as spent yeast, as a sustainable source for BG extraction adds an eco-friendly dimension to its application in skincare formulations. Standardized extraction methods and deeper insights into BG interactions with different skin layers will contribute to unlocking its full potential in skincare.
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    Astaxanthin producing yeasts: Production and genomic analysis
    (2024-09-16)
    Kingkaew, Engkarat
    ;
    Phuengjayaem, Sukanya
    ;
    Tanasupawat, Somboon
    This chapter explores yeasts and their potential in carotenoid production, delving into the diverse roles of carotenoids, their biosynthesis, and applications. Carotenoids, found in various organisms, serve several crucial functions, including light harvesting, photoprotection, and antioxidant activity. The focus shifts to astaxanthin, a red-orange carotenoid with immense market value and applications, notably in aquaculture and health. The astaxanthin-producing yeast strains emerge as a promising biotechnological platform for carotenoid production, particularly astaxanthin. Its unique features, FDA approval, and ability to synthesize carotenoids make it an ideal candidate for industrial applications. This chapter details the structure of astaxanthin and its biosynthetic pathway, emphasizing key genes involved. Additionally, it highlights other carotenoid producers and the biochemistry of astaxanthin. The latter part focuses on the health-promoting effects of astaxanthin, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and anticancer activities. Immunomodulation benefits and the safety profile of astaxanthin are also discussed. The chapter concludes by addressing current trends, perspectives, and challenges in astaxanthin production, emphasizing the importance of circular, zero-waste processes.
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    Lactic acid bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract: Anti-helicobacter pylori
    (2024-06-03)
    Techo, Sujitra
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    Kingkaew, Engkarat
    ;
    Tanasupawat, Somboon
    Numerous bacterial species have been found throughout the human GI tract, which consists of the oral cavity, stomach, intestine, and colon. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB), including Lactobacillus (L. ) acidophilus, L. salivarius, L. johnsonii, L. crispatus, L. casei, L. paracasei, L. rhamnosus, L. reuteri, L. oris, L. vaginalis, L. gasseri, L. plantarum, L. buchneri, L. mali, L. ruminis, L. delbrueckii, L. sakei, L. fermentum, L. helviticus, and L. brevis ; Streptococcus ( S. ) salivarius, S. pneumonia, S. mitis, S. oralis, S. parasanguinis, S. anginosus, S. constellatus, S. caprinus, and S. mutans ; Leuconostoc (Ln. ) mesenteroides and Ln. argentinum ; Lactococcus (Lc.) lactis; and Enterococcus (En. ) strains, are distributed throughout the human GI tract. The bacterial microbiota in humans changes when infected with Helicobacter (H. ) pylori. Moreover, antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) used in the regimen influence microbial microbiota. However, alteration of bacterial diversity is rather complicated and has conflicting effects. To maintain microbial balance in the GI tract, several studies have used probiotics as adjunctive therapy to reduce the number of H. pylori in infected humans, replacing antibiotics alone. Probiotics have shown a higher eradication rate of H. pylori when compared with antibiotics alone. Bacteriocin production by LAB is one of the interesting mechanisms that can inhibit the growth of H. pylori. Bacteriocins and bacteriocin-like substances exhibiting antibacterial properties against H. pylori have been reported. These active peptides could be exploited to develop novel therapeutics for treating H. pylori infection.