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    Item type:Publication,
    Mindful Architecture from Text-to-Image AI Perspectives: A Case Study of DALL-E, Midjourney, and Stable Diffusion
    (2025-03-01) ;
    Wongvorachan, Tarid
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    Sirisakdi, Limpasilp
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    Chunhajinda, Pornteera
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    Mindful architecture is poised to foster sustainable behavior and simultaneously mitigate the physical and mental health challenges arising from the impacts of global warming. Previous studies demonstrate that a substantial educational gap persists between architecture and mindfulness. However, recent advancements in text-to-image AI have begun to play a significant role in generating conceptual architectural imagery, enabling architects to articulate their ideas better. This study employs DALL-E, Midjourney, and Stable Diffusion—popular tools in the field—to generate imagery of mindful architecture. Subsequently, the architects decoded the architectural characteristics in the images into words. These words were then analyzed using natural language processing techniques, including Word Cloud Generation, Word Frequency Analysis, and Topic Modeling Analysis. Research findings conclude that mindful architecture from text-to-image AI perspectives consistently features structured lines with sharp edges, prioritizes openness with indoor–outdoor spaces, employs both horizontal and vertical movement, utilizes natural lighting and earth-tone colors, incorporates wood, stone, and glass elements, and emphasizes views of serene green spaces—creating environments characterized by gentle natural sounds and calm atmospheric qualities. DALL-E is the text-to-image AI that provides the most detailed representation of mindful architecture.
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    Item type:Publication,
    Impact of Wall Paint Solar Absorptance on CO2 Emissions in Residential Buildings: A Case Study from Bangkok
    (2024-12-01) ;
    Wongvorachan, Tarid
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    ;
    Electricity consumption in buildings is a significant contributor to greenhouse gas emissions, which drive climate change. Reducing electricity use in residential buildings, which account for approximately 20% of Thailand’s total electricity consumption, represents a key opportunity for lowering greenhouse gas emissions. The aim of this study was to assess the potential reduction in greenhouse gas emissions through the use of appropriate solar absorptance in wall paint, conducted via an energy simulation using a representative residential building model from Bangkok. The DOE2.1E program was employed to simulate a standard two-story house commonly found in Thailand, with an approximate floor area of 120 square meters. The window-to-wall ratios were set at 10% and 20%, and air conditioning usage was modeled for nighttime hours. External wall paint was assigned varying solar absorption coefficients, ranging from 10% to 90%. Greenhouse gas emissions were calculated by multiplying the simulated annual electricity consumption by the emission factor, expressed in kgCO<inf>2</inf>eq/kWh, provided by the Thailand Greenhouse Gas Management Organization. The results indicated that adjusting wall paint solar absorptance from 10% to 90% led to a 10% variation in both energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, potentially reducing CO<inf>2</inf> emissions by approximately 411–456 kgCO<inf>2</inf>eq per house per year. Therefore, implementing regulations that mandate the use of wall paints with appropriate solar absorption coefficients could significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions and contribute to environmental protection efforts in Thailand.
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    Item type:Publication,
    A Systematic Review of Applications of Generative Design Methods for Energy Efficiency in Buildings
    Energy efficiency is a principle of architectural design that reduces environmental impact. Generative design can offer alternative options to improve energy efficiency in buildings, but significant gaps exist in the application due to accessing complex knowledge. This study aimed to explore publications on generative design and energy efficiency in buildings and identify generative methods for energy efficiency topics. This study conducted a systematic review using the PRISMA methodology in December 2023 by searching publications from databases including Scopus, Google Scholar, and Thai Journals Online. Descriptive analysis examined 34 articles, showing the publication year, source, and citations. Comparative qualitative and descriptive analysis identified generative methods. Publications are increasing over time, and further growth is expected related to the accessibility of computational design and practical applications. Tools and frameworks demonstrated reduced energy usage compared to prototypes or traditional design approaches. The most studied is thermal performance, which was reduced by 28%. Energy performance achieved up to a 23.30% reduction, followed by others and daylighting. In addition to single-topic studies, there are also studies with multiple topics. Evolutionary algorithms are standard. Parametric search strategies have increased. Exploration reveals rule-based and mixed methods. Machine learning and AI garner attention.
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    Item type:Publication,
    The Architectural Design Strategies That Promote Attention to Foster Mindfulness: A Systematic Review, Content Analysis and Meta-Analysis
    (2024-08-01) ;
    Wongvorachan, Tarid
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    Chunhajinda, Pornteera
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    Phaibulputhipong, Prima
    Attention is a pivotal component and a central vehicle of mindfulness, a psychological factor improving mental health. Despite architecture’s potential to encourage attention and mindfulness, there is still a research gap. This study aimed to investigate architectural design strategies that promotes attention in order to foster mindfulness. The research was carried out in three primary stages. The first step entailed conducting a systematic review by searching publications related to architecture that promotes attention from Scopus in February 2024. After considering the suitability and accessibility, 32 articles were included. No studies were found to have investigated the field of enhancing mindfulness. The second step utilized content analysis to decode the selected articles using a framework developed from literature reviews. All three coders decoded the data independently, allowing the main researcher to compile it into the final dataset. Finally, the data underwent Python meta-analysis for word frequency and association. The result revealed certain qualities that help achieve attention through architecture. The architectural atmosphere is most effective when it features natural forms and spaces that evoke a sense of enclosure. The lighting should emphasize natural light and uniformity, whereas the sound designs primarily concern acoustics, ambient, and noises, with controlled weather emphasizing air aspects. The building should utilize natural materials and incorporate object elements; the facade and entrance are particularly crucial components. Moreover, the colors of brick and green and views encompassing gardens and vegetation are among the qualities mentioned. Based on the analysis, the material, view, and color features were most congruent with the biophilic design concept. All these factors are expected to foster mindfulness, thereby improving mental health.
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    Item type:Publication,
    A Systematic Review of Architectural Atmosphere That Fosters Mindfulness Constructs
    (2025-07-01) ;
    Sirisakdi, Limpasilp
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    Petsirasan, Sippakorn
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    Wutisun, Duangkamon
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    Singkham, Sathirat
    This study explores how architectural atmosphere can foster mindfulness constructs in response to the growing mental health crisis. Mindfulness, known for improving mental health, reducing stress, and enhancing overall well-being, is increasingly recognized as a potential solution to mental health challenges. However, research on how architectural atmosphere supports mindfulness is limited. This study systematically reviews architectural atmosphere features that promote mindfulness constructs, which includes awareness, openness, attention, focus, connection, and calmness. A literature review was conducted using the Scopus database, following PRISMA guidelines for transparency. Fifty-three articles were selected, focusing on mindfulness features in architectural atmosphere: awareness (4), openness (1), attention (28), focus (5), and connection (15). No studies were found on architectural atmosphere fostering calmness. The findings suggest that architectural atmosphere plays a significant role in supporting mindfulness, but further empirical studies are needed to validate these results in real-world contexts.