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    Optical properties of Cu0.95Pt0.05Fe0.97Sn0.03O2 for p-type transparent conducting oxide materials
    (2013-08-30) ;
    Kahatta, Sagulthai
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    ; ;
    The Cu<inf>0.95</inf>Pt<inf>0.05</inf>Fe<inf>0.97</inf>Sn<inf>0.03</inf>O<inf>2</inf> sample has been synthesized by a solid-state reaction to investigate optical properties of materials of transparent conducting oxide. Crystal structure was characterized by XRD. The Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity were measured in the high temperature (300 to 860 K), while the XPS and UV-VIS-NIR spectra were analyzed at room temperature. The XRD peaks confirm the samples forming the delafossite structure phase. The Seebeck coefficient reveals the samples displays the p-type conducting. The XPS spectra show the Sn2+ state stabling in this compound. The optical direct gap is 3.45 eV as a visible-transparent material. These results support that the Cu<inf>0.95</inf>Pt<inf>0.05</inf>Fe<inf>0.97</inf>Sn<inf>0.03</inf>O<inf>2</inf> oxide compounds, of which the Cu<sup>1+</sup> and Fe<sup>3+</sup> sites are substituted by the Pt<sup>1+</sup> and Sn<sup>2+</sup> ions respectively, are p-type transparent conducting oxide materials. © (2013) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland.
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    Microwave-activated reduced graphene oxide composite with hydrothermally treated corn husk activated carbon as an active electrode for high electrochemical performance in symmetrical carbon-based supercapacitor devices
    (2026-07-01)
    Srakaew, Khattiya
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    Ratchayotee, Pornthip
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    Janorat, Phattharawadee
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    This work applies microwaves for synthesizing reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and waste material corn husk activated carbon composites as active electrode materials for symmetric supercapacitors. The rGO is activated by microwave treatment and corn husk carbon by KOH in processed hydrothermal activation, followed by compositing at various weight ratios. Among all compositions, rGO:H_Corn_C (90:10) is reported with the best properties, with a specific surface area of 314.2 m2/g and a high specific capacitance of 1152 F/g at 0.1 A/g. The optimized composite also delivered increasing energy and power densities of up to 160 Wh/kg and 9.68 × 102 W/kg, respectively, within a 1 V operating window. In an experiment by assembling a symmetric coil cell supercapacitor, the device showed a specific capacitance of 142.23 F/g at 0.1 A/g, cycling stability with 98.8% capacitance retention after 1000 cycles of charge-discharge, and peak energy and power densities of 40.68 Wh/kg and 5.74 × 102 W/kg. Overall, the composite material with a high content of rGO and corn husk-derived activated carbon prepared by the hydrothermal method exhibits high-performance for the material in supercapacitor applications.
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    Electrical and optical properties of p-type CuFe1-xSn xO2 (x = 0.03, 0.05) delafossite-oxide
    (2013-01-14) ; ; ;
    Kongtaweelert, Samart
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    Thanachayanont, Chanchana
    The CuFe<inf>1-x</inf>Sn<inf>x</inf>O<inf>2</inf> (x = 0.03, 0.05) delafossite samples have been synthesized by a solid-state reaction to investigate electrical and optical properties of the transparent conducting oxide materials. Crystal structure was characterized by XRD. The electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient were measured in the high temperature range of 300 to 960 K, while the Hall coefficient, XPS, and UV-VIS-NIR spectra were analyzed at room temperature. The XRD peaks of the samples indicate the delafossite structure phase, and the XPS spectra reveal the stable Sn <sup>2+</sup>-doping state. The Seebeck and Hall coefficient display a positive sign indicating the p-type conducting oxide. The optical allowed direct gap is 3.45 eV as a visible-transparent material. The activation energies for polaron hopping between Sn<sup>2+</sup> sites and Fe<sup>3+</sup> sites of 36 and 32 meV are obtained from the samples having x = 0.03 and 0.05, respectively. The CuFe<inf>1-x</inf>Sn<inf>x</inf>O<inf>2</inf> delafossite oxide compounds, of which the Fe<sup>3+</sup> sites in the CuFeO<inf>2</inf> are substituted by the Sn<sup>2+</sup> ions, are p-type transparent conducting oxide materials. The activation energy is found to decrease with an increased in Sn content. © 2013 American Institute of Physics.
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    A simple route to synthesize ferromagnetic binary calcium iron pyrophosphate CaFeP2O2 using aqueous-acetone media
    (2013-08-30)
    Chaiyasith, Pachernchaipat
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    ; ;
    Kongteweelert, Samart
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    Woramongkonchai, Somsak
    A binary calcium iron pyrophosphate CaFeP<inf>2</inf>O<inf>7</inf> was synthesized by solid state route using the mixing of calcium carbonate, iron metal and phosphoric acid in aqueous-acetone media at 600°C. The XRD datum indicates the formation of CaFeP<inf>2</inf>O<inf>7</inf> phase without the presence of any phase impurities. FTIR result indicates the presence of the P<inf>2</inf>O<inf>7</inf> <sup>4-</sup> anion in the structure. Sheet-like microparticle of CaFeP<inf>2</inf>O<inf>7</inf> was revealed by SEM. Room temperature magnetization result showed ferromagnetic behavior of the synthesized CaFeP<inf>2</inf>O<inf>7</inf>, with saturation-specific magnetization value of 11.067 emu g<sup>-1</sup> at 10kOe. The magnetic feature of the synthesized CaFeP<inf>2</inf>O<inf>7</inf> in this work compared with M<inf>2</inf>P<inf>2</inf>O<inf>7</inf> (M = Ca and Fe), its isotypic (CaMP2O7 (M= Mn and Co) and CFeP<inf>2</inf>O<inf>7</inf> (C= Co and Cu) reported in our previous works is important properties for specific applications. © (2013) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland.
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    Facile, alternative synthesis of spherical-like ca(H2PO4)2•H2O nanoparticle by aqueous-methanol media
    (2013-08-30)
    Kongteweelert, Samart
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    ; ;
    Chaiyasith, Pachernchaipat
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    Woramongkonchai, Somsak
    Spherical-like calcium dihydrogenphosphate monohydrate (Ca(H<inf>2</inf>PO<inf>4</inf>)<inf>2</inf>•H<inf>2</inf>O) nanostructure was successfully prepared by the mixing of calcium carbonate and phosphoric in aqueous-methanol media at ambient temperature for 30 min. Three thermal decomposition step and higher stability at over 800°C of the prepared sample are different from the earlier works. Spherical-like Ca(H<inf>2</inf>PO<inf>4</inf>)<inf>2</inf>•H<inf>2</inf>O nanostructure with diameter < 100 nm confirmed by SEM may be important for potential applications. This method of synthesis by aqueous-methanol media is a fast and simple method and it is expected to be applicable for the synthesis of other nanocrystalline calcium phosphates. © (2013) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland.
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    A new synthesis of BaHPO4 precipitated by BaCO3-H4PO4-NaOH system at room temperature
    (2013-08-30) ; ; ;
    Chaiyasith, Pachernchaipat
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    Woramongkonchai, Somsak
    Barium hydrogenphosphate, BaHPO<inf>4</inf> was synthesized for the first time through simple and rapid method using BaCO<inf>3</inf>-H<inf>3</inf>PO<inf>4</inf>-NaOH, pH =9.0 at room temperature for 30 min. The studied BaHPO<inf>4</inf> decomposed in a single well-defined stage via deprotonated hydrogenphosphate reactions, revealed by TG/DTG and DSC techniques. The calculated wavenumbers based on DSC peak were comparable with FTIR results, which support the breaking bonds of P-OH (HPO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>) in the deprotonated hydrogenphosphate reactions. The thermodynamic functions (ΔH*, ΔG*, and ΔS*) for the deprotonated hydrogenphosphate reactions calculated from DSC data indicate that the deprotonated HPO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup> reaction occur a lower-energy pathway and spontaneous process. The FTIR, XRD and SEM data of the studied BaHPO<inf>4</inf> and its decomposed product Ba<inf>4</inf>P<inf>2</inf>O<inf>7</inf> are also reported. © (2013) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland.
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    Grain boundary, electrical transport and thermoelectric properties of the ultra-high rGO amount of C12A7-rGO composites
    (2024-04-30)
    Maneesai, Keerati
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    ; ;
    The Ca<inf>12</inf>Al<inf>14</inf>O<inf>33</inf> ceramic (C12A7) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) composite which an ultra-high amount (i.e., 40, 50, 60, and 70 wt%) of rGO (ultra-high amount C12A7/rGO composite) were synthesized by a solid-state reaction process. After the hydraulic press, the heat treatment in the temperature range of 773 K under the argon environment had been performed with the composite pellets for 30 min. XRD results of the C12A7 and all the ultra-high amount C12A7/rGO composites indicated a pure phase of C12A7 ceramic. Raman spectra confirmed the existence of rGO content in all the ultra-high amount C12A7/rGO composites. Raman peaks also suggested reduction of the free O<inf>2</inf><sup>2−</sup> and O<inf>2</inf><sup>−</sup> ions from the framework of the ultra-high amount C12A7/rGO composites. SEM image presented the homogeneous grain boundary interface after the heat treatment at 773 K of the C12A7 wrapped by the rGO sheet, the agglomerated rGO sheet, and the rough interface stack of rGO sheets. UV-VIS spectroscopy presented the absorption behavior, direct energy gap, and indirect energy gap modifications of the ultra-high amount C12A7/rGO composites. Electrical conductivity of the ultra-high amount C12A7/rGO composites illustrated larger than 10<sup>8</sup> times improvement with temperature independence. Range of −5 to −17 μV/K, temperature dependence, and increased with rGO content increasing Seebeck coefficient were reported. Thermal conductivity of the ultra-high amount C12A7/rGO composites was increased with the rGO content increasing. Both the Power factor (PF) and the figure of merit (ZT) of the ultra-high amount C12A7/rGO composites were temperature dependent and were increased with the rGO content increasing, within the range of 0.4 μW/m.K<sup>2</sup> of PF and the range of 3x10<sup>−4</sup> of ZT, respectively. These experimental results verified grain boundary, modified energy band, electrical transport properties and thermoelectric properties of C12A7/rGO composites loading with ultra-high content rGO