Now showing 1 - 10 of 21
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    N-doped Porous Carbon from Palm Male Flower via Hydrothermal Carbonization
    (2020-07-30)
    Verasarut, Panupong
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    Liamprawat, Tanatorn
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    Kaewtrakulchai, Napat
    ;
    ;
    Panomsuwan, Gasidit
    N-doped porous carbon materials were produced from palm male flower using hydrothermal carbonization processes at 200 C for 24 h followed by N-Doping and carbonization at 700C for 2 h. N-doping was carried out by impregnation using NH4OH at 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 M and 2 M. Products were characterized by means of chemical composition and morphology using SEM, XPS, and XRD to characterize specific properties such as physical morpholog, porosity, elemental composition on surface and crystalline structure of PMF. After applying hydrothermal carbonization processes, the results showed substantially increased porosity and surface area with suitable microstructure for N-doped electrodes applications. The highest porosity was obtained at NPC-1.5 M.
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    Influence of crystallization time for synthesis of zeolite a and zeolite x from natural kaolin
    (2019-01-01)
    Srilai, Suphada
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    Tanwongwan, Worapak
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    Onpecth, Kobchai
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    Wongkitikun, Thanapat
    ;
    Panomsuwan, Gasidit
    Zeolite A and zeolite X were successfully synthesized from natural kaolin from Lampang province using calcination and a two-step hydrothermal method. First, metakaolin was obtained by calcining the kaolin at 700 °C for 2 h. Hydrothermal experiments can be separated into two types, being high temperature and short time or lower temperature long time. For high temperature hydrothermal treatment, metakaolin was mixed with NaOH to form hydrous sodium aluminosilicate. This was dissolved in dilute HCl. After filtration, the pH was adjusted with deionized water to pH = 7. This formed an amorphous aluminosilicate gel. For low temperature and longtime hydrothermal treatment aluminosilicate gel was mixed with NaOH to form zeolite A and zeolite X. The optimum condition for the first step in the synthesis of zeolite A is high temperature and short time of hydrothermal treatment with NaOH 8 M at 200 °C for 3 hours. This is followed by low temperature and longtime of hydrothermal treatment with NaOH 1 M carried out at 90 °C for 72 hours. The optimum conditions for the first step of synthesis of zeolite X is the high temperature, short time hydrothermal treatment with NaOH 8 M at 200 °C for 3 hours and low temperature, longtime hydrothermal treatment with NaOH 1 M at 90 °C for 120 hours. The characterizations of zeolite A and zeolite X were carried out by x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR).
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    Fundamental study of carbon materials derived from empty fruit bunch via hydrothermal carbonization
    (2018-11-01)
    Guntagerng, Kanogpan
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    Panomsuwan, Gasidit
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    The utilization of biomass has recently gained great attention in recent years owing to growth of global environmental concerns. The aim of this work is to study the morphology of carbon materials derived from biomass oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) via hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) at different temperatures (160-200 °C) and times (4-12 h) followed by carbonization at 300-900 °C under nitrogen atmosphere for 2 h. The physiochemical properties of carbon sample were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy and surface area analysis. The results demonstrated that the increase of hydrothermal temperature, hydrothermal time, and carbonization temperature resulted in the formation of carbon materials with higher surface area, porosity and carbon content. Our results revealed that carbon derived from EFB via HTC at optimal condition exhibited porous structure with high surface area, which can be further applied for absorbent applications.
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    Synthesis of carbon nanoparticles from used motor oil and benzene via solution plasma process
    (2017-01-01)
    Seangarunthong, Napatsawan
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    Khongthong, Parinya
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    Panomsuwan, Gasidit
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    Ueno, Tomonaga
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    Saito, Nagahiro
    Carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) were successfully synthesized from the mixture of used motor oil and benzene via a solution plasma process (SPP). The synthesis was achieved within a single step at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. The effects of mixing ratio between used motor oil and benzene on the physical and chemical properties of CNPs were investigated by means of field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Raman spectroscopy. The results revealed that there were no significant changes in morphological feature and chemical functional groups on CNPs at different mixing ratios. The CNPs exhibited the aggregates of fine particles with the diameter of about 20-30 nm. The crystallinity of CNPs was found to be slightly increased when synthesized under the presence of used motor oil, possibly due to the effect of aliphatic hydrocarbons and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in used motor oil. We expect that the conversion of used motor oil into CNPs by SPP could be another attractive way to add the value to used motor oil prior to disposing.
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    Magnetic Carbon Nanofibers from Horse Manure via Hydrothermal Carbonization for Methylene Blue Adsorption
    (2019-01-01)
    Kaewtrakulchai, Napat
    ;
    Putta, Ampol
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    Pasee, Warit
    ;
    Fuangnawakij, Kajornsak
    ;
    Panomsuwan, Gasidit
    Disposal and recycle of waste biomass is of great concern. Thermochemically converting the waste biomass to carbon nanomaterials is an interesting because of environmental friendly, low cost and local availability. In this work, magnetic carbon nanofibers have been synthesized by hydrothermal and carbonization of the magnetite preloaded on horse manure which is controllable temperature and additive of catalyst. It was found that Fe is able to form magnetic carbon nanofibers (M-CNFs). Furthermore, magnetic carbon nanofibers were used as an adsorbent for methylene blue adsorption. Synthesized magnetic sorbents exhibited high performance on methylene blue adsorption and it is successfully separated from the water by magnetic separation.
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    Synthesis of carbon nanofiber from horse manure via hydrothermal carbonization for dye adsorption
    (2019-01-01)
    Pasee, Warit
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    Puta, Ampol
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    Sangnoi, Siwakron
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    Wettayavong, Sorakit
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    Kaewtrakulchai, Napat
    The livestock manure was suddenly concerned due to the crucial reason of greenhouse gases emission. Therefore, several technologies were applied to manage these waste materials such as fertilizer production, biogas or carbon material production. In this study, horse manure, a novel fibrous feedstock, was supplied to produce a carbon nanofiber for metal catalyst supporter and dye adsorbent. Carbon nanofiber was performed via hydrothermal carbonization at 200<sup>o</sup>C for 24 hours followed by carbonization at the temperature range of 300 to 900<sup>o</sup>C under the nitrogen atmosphere for 2 hours. Basically, the production yield, chemical compounds, surface morphology and pore size of produced carbon nanofiber were investigated. Dye adsorption capacity was increased by increase of carbonization temperature.
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    Valorization of horse manure conversion to magnetic carbon nanofiber for dye adsorption by hydrothermal treatment coupled with carbonization
    (2024-06-01)
    Kaewtrakulchai, Napat
    ;
    Chanpee, Sirayu
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    Pasee, Warit
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    Putta, Ampol
    ;
    Pollution of water resources has recently increased as a result of expanded industrial activity. Recycling waste biomass into bio-adsorbent material offers a cheap, easy, and eco-friendly solution. In this study, magnetic carbon nanofibers (MCNF) with a highly porous structure were developed from magnetite-preloaded horse manure by hydrothermal treatment followed by carbonization using different ratios of iron (III) nitrate and iron oxide as magnetic precursors. The produced MCNF had a very porous structure with specific surface area of 435.31 m<sup>2</sup>/g and high carbon content. The magnetic characteristics of MCNF promoted by the presence of iron oxide species. The saturated magnetization of MCNF obtained from a 5:5 ratio of the magnetic precursors (iron (III) nitrate: iron oxide) was 2.48 emu/g. Synthesized MCNF was applied as a bio-adsorbent for methylene blue (MB) removal from aqueous solution, with results showing excellent dye adsorption of 92–99 %. MB adsorption was facilitated by pore filling, electrostatic contact, hydrogen bonding, and ion complexation. Experimental results indicated that the Freundlich isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models concurred with the observed MB adsorption data, suggesting that the adsorption mechanism involved multilayered micropore interactions between magnetite and MB chemisorption. The resulting magnetic adsorbent was successfully removed from the aqueous solution by physical separation. Findings indicated that horse manure-derived MCNF could be used as an efficient bio-adsorbent to remove organic contaminants in wastewater.
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    Cattail leaf-derived nitrogen-doped carbons via hydrothermal ammonia treatment for electrocatalytic oxygen reduction in an alkaline electrolyte
    (2022-07-12)
    Panomsuwan, Gasidit
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    Kaewtrakulchai, Napat
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    Seizawa, Ai
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    Ishizaki, Takahiro
    Cattail leaf-derived nitrogen-doped carbons (CL-NCs) were prepared by hydrothermal treatment in ammonia solution and subsequent pyrolysis for application as catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The ammonia concentration was varied at 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 M to alter the nitrogen doping content. The characterization results revealed that CL-NCs exhibited an amorphous structure, while the density of structural defects increased as the ammonia concentration increased. The CL-NC prepared without hydrothermal ammonia treatment had a nonporous structure with a low specific surface area (5 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>−1</sup>). With hydrothermal ammonia treatment, CL-NCs exhibited a micro–mesoporous structure with a higher surface area (113–496 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>−1</sup>); however, the surface area was significantly diminished at higher ammonia concentrations due to the deterioration of the pore structure. The nitrogen-doping content in CL-NCs varied from 0.65 to 1.55 atom% with the predominant ratios of pyridinic-N and graphitic-N. For electrochemical evaluation in an alkaline electrolyte (0.1 M KOH), CL-NC prepared at an ammonia concentration of 1.0 M showed the highest ORR activity among all samples, as indicated by the most positive onset potential (−0.05 V vs. Ag/AgCl) and half-wave potential (−0.22 V vs. Ag/AgCl) as well as the highest diffusion-limiting current density with a more favorable reduction via a direct four-electron pathway (n = 3.23–3.52). The ORR activity of CL-NCs had a similar trend to their specific surface area rather than nitrogen doping content, indicating the important role of surface area and porosity in enhancing the ORR activity. Moreover, it possessed excellent stability under long-term operation and exposure to methanol. The results obtained in this work could be helpful information for the further development and utilization of biomass-derived NCs for ORR catalysts.
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    Synthesis of porous carbon materials from water hyacinth via hydrothermal carbonization assisted chemical activation for carbon-based electrode applications
    (2020-10-26)
    Liamprawat, Tanatorn
    ;
    Verasarut, Panupong
    ;
    Kaewtrakulchai, Napat
    ;
    Panomsuwan, Gasidit
    ;
    Recently, lignocellulosic materials have been widely utilized as feedstocks for several applications such as carbon, biofuels and biochemical productions because of their potentials (i.e. waste reduction, carbon sequestration, renewable). In this study, porous carbon was successfully synthesized from water hyacinth (WHs) via hydrothermal carbonization assisted with chemical activation using Na2CO3 and K2CO3. The hydrothermal carbonization process was studied in the range of 160-200°C for 4-12h and the hydrothermal chars were then further pyrolyzed under a supply of N2 flow 100ml/min at 700-900°C for 2h. The as-pyrolyzed chars were then activated by two different bases including Na2CO3 and K2CO3 at the ratio of 1.0 (w/w, hydrothermal char: chemical) to obtain highly porous carbon. The results indicated that carbon percentage, surface area and porous structure were improved with the higher hydrothermal temperature showing the best results at 180°C for 8h. Moreover, the development of pore structure of WHs porous carbon was successfully by chemical activation with K2CO3.
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    Influence of hydrothermal and calcination process on metakaolin from natural clay
    (2018-09-05)
    Srilai, Suphada
    ;
    Kaewtrakulchai, Napat
    ;
    Panomsuwan, Gasidit
    ;
    Fuji, Masayoshi
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    In this study, metakaolin was synthesized from natural clay from Lampang province via hydrothermal and calcination process. The hydrothermal process was studied at different temperature from 160°C, 180°C and 200°C for 4, 8 and 12 hours. The calcination process was studied at different temperature from 500 to 900°C for 2 hours. Regarding the characterization, physical morphology of resulting products was observed by scanning electron microscope showing that the surface of resulting product was enhanced its surface area with more roughness when the temperature was increased. Moreover, FT-IR spectroscopy was applied for the chemical structure analysis indicating that Lampang clay can be transformed into metakaolin using hydrothermal at 200°C for 8 hours followed by the calcination at 800°C and 900°C as well as through the most condition for this studied. The improvement of the surface area of metakaolin leads to high metal dispersion for catalytic activity of the catalyst.