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    Asymmetric dot-patterned wettable and antibacterial wound dressings from bacterial cellulose–alginate composites coated with stearic acid-modified ZnO/chitosan/AgNPs
    (2025-01-01)
    Ieamviteevanich, Pimchanok
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    Onklam, Panida
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    Kampechdee, Wariya
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    Churiwan, Achana
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    To improve the wound dressing characteristics of bacterial cellulose-based materials and address the issue of asymmetric wound dressing with one hydrophilic side and another hydrophobic side, this study developed a new concept for the fabrication of an asymmetric wettable and antibacterial wound dressing by selective drop coating of stearic acid-modified ZnO, chitosan, and AgNPs to form a dot pattern on both surfaces of a bacterial cellulose–alginate composite (BA-ZnS/Ch/Ag). The coated surface was hydrophobic, with a WCA of 150° due to the formation of a low surface energy zinc stearate (C<inf>17</inf>H<inf>35</inf>COO)<inf>2</inf>Zn) monolayer on the ZnO particles and a high degree of hierarchical roughness. The asymmetric wettable BA-ZnS/Ch/Ag wound dressing maintained good water absorptivity (swelling rate 417%) and natural breathability (water vapor transmission rate 792 g.m<sup>−2</sup> day<sup>−1</sup>) of the superhydrophilic bacterial cellulose-alginate composite that consisted of dense outer surfaces and porous inner layers and simultaneously possessed the superhydrophobic property of the coating area that can reduce the risk of infection from external fluids and improve the blood repellency and anti-adhesion properties. The BA-ZnS/Ch/Ag wound dressing showed good antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli and non-toxicity to human keratinocyte immortal cells (HaCaT), making it suitable for clinical applications.
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    Property improvement of biodegradable citric acid-crosslinked rice starch films by calcium oxide
    (2021-12-15)
    Sornsumdaeng, Kittichai
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    ;
    Due to several important limitations for packaging applications of starch film such as strength and hydrophilicity, rice starch (Oryza sativa) film was crosslinked with citric acid and modified by different contents of calcium oxide. FTIR spectra showed the evidence of crosslinking by citric acid and the presence of calcium oxide in the modified rice starch films. After the crosslinking, the decrease of degree of crystallinity and swelling including the increase of film smoothness and strain at maximum load were observed. The application of both citric acid and calcium oxide caused greater decrease of swelling, moisture uptake as well as higher stiffness and antibacterial activity than those of the use of only the citric acid. The highest stiffness and antibacterial activity were found for the crosslinked film added by 5 wt% calcium oxide. Moreover, the effect of calcium oxide contents on morphological, thermal and biodegradable properties of the crosslinked films was also investigated.
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    Valorization of eggshell waste to metal-doped CaO catalysts for producing dimethyl carbonate by transesterification of propylene carbonate with methanol
    (2026-05-01) ;
    Werupho, Sakila
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    Puyamsai, Araya
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    Kim-Lohsoontorn, Pattaraporn
    To align with a circular economy, this study aimed to extend the lifecycle of eggshell waste by valorizing it into a catalyst for producing the green chemical dimethyl carbonate (DMC) through the transesterification of propylene carbonate (PC) with methanol. CaO derived from eggshells was modified by doping with 10 mol% of aliovalent metal cations, including Na<sup>+</sup>, Mg<sup>2+</sup>, and Ce<sup>3+</sup>, via a calcination-hydration-dehydration process. The catalyst activity was tested under atmospheric air at 40–70 °C for 1–3 h. Metal-doped CaO possessed better activity than pure CaO, and the performance was ranked in order as CaO < Na–CaO < Ce–CaO < Mg–CaO. At the optimized reaction conditions of 50 °C for 2 h, the Mg–CaO catalyst exhibited the best performance, with 77% PC conversion, 62% DMC selectivity, and 37% DMC yield. This improvement correlated with the high surface-active area and optimum basicity induced by incorporating Mg<sup>2+</sup> into the CaO structure and forming MgO–CaO mixed oxide phases. This study demonstrated a greener process for producing DMC under mild conditions using metal-doped CaO catalysts derived from eggshell waste.
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    Natural wound dressing from acid-modified basil seed mucilage containing aloe vera extract
    (2024-01-01) ;
    Siriwat, Piyapol
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    Phonrat, Arnon
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    There have been several studies that have applied basil)Ocimum basilicum L.(seed mucilage)BSM(as a wound dressing materials using several types of synthetic antimicrobial agents. This research reports on the application of BSM as a green wound dressing using natural substance, namely aloe vera (AV) extract for the improvement of antibacterial activity. Due to poor dimensional stability of BSM, malonic acid (MA) was used to crosslink the BSM molecules. The MA resulted in the esterification reaction between BSM molecules, as revealed by FTIR peak position of the C=O stretching. The porosity, water retention and swelling of BSM sponges were noted to decrease, while stiffness increased upon crosslinking. Incorporation of AV extract into both BSM and MA-crosslinked BSM sponges did not affect hydrophilicity, mechanical properties, thermal properties and cytotoxicity toward HaCaT cells. On the other hand, antibacterial activities against both Gram-positive bacteria)Staphylococcus aureus(and Gram-negative bacteria)Pseudomonas aeruginosa(of BSM and BSM crosslinked by MA were observed upon the addition of the AV extract.