Thawai, Chitti

Preferred name

Thawai, Chitti

Main Affiliation

School of Science

chitti.th@kmitl.ac.th

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Micromonospora solifontis sp. nov., an actinobacterium isolated from hot spring soil
(2023-05-01)
Duangupama, Thitikorn
;
Pansomsuay, Rawirat
;
Pittayakhajonwut, Pattama
;
Intaraudom, Chakapong
;
Suriyachadkun, Chanwit
An actinobacterium strain, PPF5-17T, was isolated from hot spring soil collected from Chiang Rai province, Thailand. The strain exhibited morphological and chemotaxonomic properties similar to those of members of the genus Micromonospora. Colonies of PPF5-17T were strong pinkish red and turned black after sporulation in ISP 2 agar medium. Cells formed single spores directly on the substrate mycelium. Growth was observed from 15 to 45 °C and at pH 5–8. Maximum NaCl concentration for growth was 3% (w/v). PPF5-17T was found to have meso-diaminopimelic acid, xylose, mannose and glucose in the whole-cell hydrolysate. Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylinositolmannosides were observed as the membrane phospholipids. MK-10(H<inf>6</inf> ), MK-9(H<inf>6</inf> ), MK-10(H<inf>4</inf> ) and MK-9(H<inf>4</inf> ) were the major menaquinones. The predominant cellular fatty acids were iso-C<inf>15:0</inf>, iso-C<inf>17:0</inf>, anteiso-C<inf>17:0</inf> and iso-C<inf>16:0</inf> . PPF5-17T shared the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Micromonospora fluminis LMG 30467T (99.3%). A genome-based taxonomic study revealed that PPF5-17T was closely related to Micromonospora aurantinigra DSM 44815T in the phylogenomic tree with an average nucleotide identity by blast (ANIb) of 87.7% and a digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) value of, 36.1% which were below the threshold values for delineation of a novel species. Moreover, PPF5-17T could be distinguished from its closest neighbours, M. fluminis LMG 30467T and M. aurantinigra DSM 44815T, with respect to a broad range of phenotypic properties. Thus, PPF5-17T represents a novel species, for which the name Micromonospora solifontis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is PPF5-17T (= TBRC 8478T = NBRC 113441T).
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Description of Streptomyces siderophoricus sp. nov., a promising nocardamine-producing species isolated from the rhizosphere soil of Mangifera indica
(2024-11-01)
Duangupama, Thitikorn
;
Pittayakhajonwut, Pattama
;
Intaraudom, Chakapong
;
Suriyachadkun, Chanwit
;
Tadtong, Sarin
An actinomycete, designated strain CH9-7T, was isolated from the rhizosphere soil of Mangifera indica. The morphological and chemotaxonomic properties, such as the production of spiral spore chains and the presence of LL-diaminopimelic acid in the peptidoglycan, showed that it belongs to the genus Streptomyces. Based on the 16S rRNA gene analysis, it was confirmed that strain CH9-7T was a member of the genus Streptomyces and revealed 99.9% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to its closest relative strains, Streptomyces lydicus NBRC 13058 T and Streptomyces chattanoogensis NBRC 12754 T. Although the strain showed high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values, however, genome relatedness indexes exhibited that the average nucleotide identity based on the MUMmer (ANIm) algorithm, the average amino acid identity (AAI), and the digital DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain CH9-7T and its closest phylogenomic relatives were below the threshold values for delineation of a novel species, (ANIm ranging from 87.5 to 88.6, AAI ranging from 80.6 to 84.6, and dDDH ranging from 28.4 to 31.7), respectively. A taxonomic position of strain CH9-7T in the phylogenomic tree showed that the closest relative strain was S. lydicus NBRC 13058 T. The comparative phenotypic studies between strain CH9-7T and its closest relatives revealed that strain CH9-7T could be classified as a novel species of the genus Streptomyces. Thus, the name Streptomyces siderophoricus sp. nov. is proposed for the strain. The type strain is CH9-7T (= TBRC 17833 T = NBRC 116426 T). The chemical investigation led to the isolation of four known compounds (compounds 1-4). Among these compounds, compound 1 was identified to be nocardamine, a promising bioactive substance.
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Nocardia coffeae sp. nov., an endophytic actinobacterium isolatefrom the root of Coffea arabica (L.)
(2022-01-01)
Nammali, Achararak
;
Duangupama, Thitikorn
;
Suriyachadkun, Chanwit
;
Tanasupawat, Somboon
;
Thawai, Chitti
The polyphasic taxonomic study of a novel endophytic actinobacterium strain (CA2R105T) was carried out. The strain formed fragmented substrate mycelium and showed chemotaxonomic properties typical of members of the genus Nocardia, i.e. the presence of mycolic acid and MK-8 (H<inf>4ω-cycl</inf> ) in its cells. Strain CA2R105T exhibited the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to Nocardia jiangxiensis NBRC 101359T (99.2%). The genome-based taxonomic analysis revealed low average nucleotide identity-blast and digital DNA–DNA hybridization values (<93.7, and <65.2%, respectively) to its closest relative. Moreover, many different phenotypic characteristics were observed between strain CA2R105T and all related Nocardia-type strains. This taxonomic evidence suggested that strain CA2R105T should be judged as representing a novel species of the genus Nocardia and the name, Nocardia coffeae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CA2R105T (=TBRC 11247T=NBRC 114292T).
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Identification and antimicrobial activity of Micromonospora strains from Thai peat swamp forest soils
(2018-04-01)
Thawai, Chitti
;
Kanchanasin, Pawina
;
Ohkuma, Moriya
;
Kudo, Takuji
;
Tanasupawat, Somboon
The identification and antimicrobial activity of thirteen actinomycete strains isolated from peat swamp forest soils collected from Narathiwat, Patthaloong and Yala provinces, the southern part of Thailand were carried out. Based on the phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, all isolates were belonged to genus Micromonospora. They were separated into six groups based on 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequence analysis and were identified as M. narathiwatensis (Group 1, 5 isolates), M. humi (Group 4, 3 isolates), M. aurantiaca (Group 5, 2 isolates), one of each isolate as M. chalcea (Group 2) and M. maritima (Group 6). The isolate LK6-12 (Group 3) showed low similarity (99.16%) with the type strains of Micromonospora siamensis that will be the novel species of the genus Micromonospora. Meso-diaminopimelic acid (cell wall type II), xylose and arabinose (pattern D) were detected in their whole-cell hydrolysates. The major polar lipid was phosphatidylethanolamine (type II). The predominant cellular fatty acids were C<inf>17:0</inf>, C<inf>17:1</inf>ω8c, iso-C<inf>16:0</inf>, iso-C<inf>15:0</inf>, iso-C<inf>17:0</inf>, anteiso-C<inf>15:0</inf>, and anteiso-C<inf>17:0</inf>. The predominant menaquinones were MK-9(H<inf>4</inf>), MK-9(H<inf>6</inf>), or MK-10(H<inf>4</inf>). The DNA G+C contents of the isolates ranged from 71.6-72.6 mol%. On the primary screening, 2 isolates exhibited the antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 and Kocuria rhizophila ATCC 9341.
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Discovery of Streptomyces marinisediminis sp. nov., a new thiolutin producing actinomycete isolated from Thai marine sediment
(2025-12-01)
Pansomsuay, Rawirat
;
Fukasem, Poowadon
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Pittayakhajonwut, Pattama
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Intaraudom, Chakapong
;
Suriyachadkun, Chanwit
Thiolutin and 2,2-dioxidothiolutin are sulfur-containing antibiotics discovered through a targeted high-throughput screening strategy designed to identify compounds with antimicrobial activity. The producing strain, JHD1T, is an actinomycete isolated from marine sediment collected in Chonburi Province, Thailand. Chemotaxonomic characteristics and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain JHD1T belongs to the genus Streptomyces. Taxonomic analysis using a polyphasic approach further supported its placement within the genus Streptomyces. The strain exhibited low similarity to its closest known relatives, Streptomyces alkaliterrae OF1T and Streptomyces chumphonensis KK1-2T, with average nucleotide identity based on MuMmer ultra-rapid aligning tool (ANIm) values of 85.7–86.2%, average amino acid identity (AAI) values of 71.8–78.1%, and digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) values of 23.4–25.0%, all well below the established thresholds for species delineation. These results reveal that strain JHD1T represents a novel species within the genus Streptomyces, for which the name Streptomyces marinisediminis sp. nov. is proposed. The crude extract obtained from the culture broth of strain JHD1T exhibited strong antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria and led to the discovery of two promising secondary metabolites, thiolutin and 2,2-dioxidothiolutin, along with 8-amino-2H-benz[e][1,3]oxazine-2,4(3H)-dione, benadrostin, 2,3-dihydroxybenzamide, and 2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzamide. In this study, 2,2-dioxidothiolutin was structurally confirmed for the first time by X-ray crystallographic analysis. Interestingly, thiolutin demonstrated strong anti-human small cell lung cancer (NCI-H187) activity, with an IC₅₀ value of 0.35 µg/mL, and also showed cytotoxicity against human breast cancer (MCF-7) cells, with an IC₅₀ value of 5.61 µg/mL.
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Salinicoccus siamensis sp. nov., isolated from fermented shrimp paste in Thailand
(2007-09-01)
Pakdeeto, Amnat
;
Tanasupawat, Somboon
;
Thawai, Chitti
;
Moonmangmee, Somporn
;
Kudo, Takuji
Fifteen strains of moderately halophilic, Gram-positive cocci were isolated from a traditional fermented shrimp paste ('ka-pi') produced in Thailand. These bacteria were strictly aerobic, non-motile, non-sporulating and catalase- and oxidase-positive. They produced orange pigment and grew in the presence of 1.5-25% (w/v) NaCl. They grew optimally in 10% (w/v) NaCl, at pH 8.5 and at 37 °C. The cell-wall peptidoglycan was Of L-Lys type. Menaquinone with six isoprene units (MK-6) was a major component. The dominant cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C<inf>15:0</inf> and iso-C<inf>15:0</inf>. DNA G + C contents were in the range 44.5-47.5 mol%. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses indicated that representative strain PN 1-2T was related most closely to Salinicoccus roseus JCM 14630T, with 97.3% similarity. The other novel strains were included in the same species based on their levels of DNA-DNA relatedness to strain PN1-2T (≥76.6%) but showed low DNA-DNA relatedness to S. roseus JCM 14630T (21.7%). On the basis of the phenotypic and molecular data presented, the 15 novel strains are suggested to represent a single novel species of the genus Salinicoccus, for which the name Salinicoccus siamensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is PN1-2T (=JCM 12822T =PCU 242T =TISTR 1562T). © 2007 IUMS.
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Streptomyces musisoli sp. nov., an actinomycete isolated from soil
(2021-01-01)
Duangupama, Thitikorn
;
Intaraudom, Chakapong
;
Pittayakhajonwut, Pattama
;
Suriyachadkun, Chanwit
;
Tadtong, Sarin
An actinobacterium, strain CH5-8T, which formed spiral chains of spore arising from the aerial mycelium, was isolated from rhizosphere soil of Musa spp. The organism exhibited vivid greenish yellow substrate mycelium and easily produced the medium grey aerial spore mass on ISP2 medium. The typical chemotaxonomic properties of members of the genus Streptomyces were observed for strain CH5-8T, e.g. ll-diaminopimelic acid in cell peptidoglycan, MK-9(H<inf>8</inf>), MK-9(H<inf>6</inf>), and MK-9(H<inf>4</inf>) as major menaquinones and anteiso-C<inf>15:0</inf>, iso-C<inf>16:0</inf>, and anteiso-C<inf>17:0</inf> as major fatty acids. Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanola-mine, hydroxyphosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylinositol mannoside were detected in the cells. A combination of morphological and chemotaxonomic data supported the assignment to the genus Strep-tomyces. The analysis result obtained for the 16S rRNA gene sequence confirmed the taxonomic affiliation at the genus level of this strain. The novel strain CH5-8T showed the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence values to Streptomyces echinatus NBRC 12763T (98.9%), followed by Streptomyces actinomycinicus RCU-197T (98.9%). The average nucleotide identity by blast (ANIb) and digital DNA–DNA hybridization values between CH5-8T and its closest relatives, S. echinatus CECT 3313T and S. actinomycinicus RCU-197T, were ≤91.6% and ≤47.4%, respectively. The digital DNA G+C content of genomic DNA was 72.1 mol%. On the basis of these phenotypic and genotypic data, strain CH5-8T represents a novel species, for which the name Streptomyces musisoli sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CH5-8T (=TBRC 9950T=NBRC 113997T).
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Dactylosporangium tropicum sp. nov., isolated from soil
(2011-10-01)
Thawai, Chitti
;
Tanasupawat, Somboon
;
Kudo, Takuji
Two novel actinomycete strains, designated KB2-4 T and KB9-2, were isolated from soil samples. Both isolates formed finger-shaped sporangia on short sporangiophores that emerged directly from substrate hyphae. The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained glutamic acid, glycine, alanine and meso-diaminopimelic acid; the whole-cell sugars were galactose, glucose, mannose, rhamnose, ribose and xylose. The diagnostic phospholipid was phosphatidylethanolamine. The predominant menaquinones were MK-9(H8) and MK-9(H6). Mycolic acids were not detected. The predominant cellular fatty acids (>20 %) were iso-C <inf>16: 0</inf> and anteiso-C <inf>17: 0</inf>. For both strains, the G+C content of the genomic DNA was about 72 mol%. The morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics of the two strains were typical of members of the genus Dactylosporangium. Phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA gene sequences also indicated that these strains should be classified in the genus Dactylosporangium and showed that the closest relative was Dactylosporangium salmoneum NRRL B-16294 T (99.1% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). DNA-DNA relatedness and some physiological and biochemical properties indicated that the isolates could be readily distinguished from their closest phylogenetic relatives. On the basis of these phenotypic and genotypic data, the isolates represent a novel species, for which the name Dactylosporangium tropicum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is strain KB2-4T (=BCC 34760 T =JCM 15673 T). © 2011 IUMS.
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Streptomyces tyrfis sp. nov., an actinobacterium isolated from Thai peat swamp forest soil and its promising secondary metabolites
(2026-12-01)
Kottip, Penkawee
;
Klanbut, Khanungkan
;
Fukasem, Poowadon
;
Pittayakhajonwut, Pattama
;
Intaraudom, Chakapong
An actinomycete strain, PTD5-9T, was isolated from peat swamp forest soil in Narathiwat Province, Thailand. Chemotaxonomic features and phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence placed this strain within the genus Streptomyces. It exhibited the highest sequence similarity to Streptomyces gelaticus NRRL B-2928ᵀ (99.38%) and Streptomyces sanglieri NBRC 100784ᵀ (99.31%). However, the average nucleotide identity based on MUMmer (ANIm) values (88.48–88.56%), the average amino acid identity (84.37–84.97%), and digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) estimates (31.2–36.5%) were significantly below the accepted thresholds for species demarcation, supporting its classification as a new species within the genus. Accordingly, the name Streptomyces tyrfis sp. nov. is proposed. The crude extract derived from the culture broth of strain PTD5-9ᵀ exhibited potent antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (MIC ≤ 250 µg/mL). Subsequent chemical analysis led to the identification of ten bioactive secondary metabolites: isocycloheximide (1), (2R,4S,6E)-anhydrocycloheximide (2), actiphenol (3), (−)-phenatic acid A (4), 8-O-methyltetrangomycin (5), 8-O-methylrabelomycin (6), 4-hydroxy-8-O-methylrabelomycin (7), tetrangulol methyl ether (also known as X-14881 E) (8), (−)-elmonin (9), and 2-phenylacetamide (10). Among these, compounds 3, 6, 7, and 8, which were isolated in sufficient quantities, exhibited notable inhibitory activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, with MIC values ranging from 3.13 to 25.0 µg/mL. Furthermore, compounds 6, 7, and 8 demonstrated pronounced cytotoxicity against human small cell lung cancer (NCI-H187) cells (IC₅₀: 1.10–7.80 µM), and against human breast cancer (MCF-7) cells (IC₅₀: 1.21–24.6 µM).
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Micromonospora caldifontis sp. nov., isolated from hot spring soil
(2019-05-01)
Thawai, Chitti
;
Tanasupawat, Somboon
;
Kudo, Takuji
A single spore forming actinomycete, designated strain HSS6-8T, was isolated from a sample of hot spring soil. The strain had the chemotaxonomic properties consistent with its classification in the genus Micromonospora. The strain was found to have meso-diaminopimelic acid in the cell-wall peptidoglycan. The acyl type of the cell-wall muramic acid was glycolyl. The reducing sugars in the cell hydrolysates were glucose, arabinose, xylose, ribose, mannose, galactose and rhamnose. The phospholipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol and phosphoglycolipid. The major menaquinones were MK-10(H<inf>6</inf>) and MK-10(H<inf>4</inf>). The major cellular fatty acids were iso-C<inf>16: 0</inf>, anteiso-C<inf>17: 0</inf>, C<inf>17: 0 </inf>and anteiso-C<inf>15: 0</inf>. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 70.5 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain HSS6-8T was closely related to Micromonospora nigra DSM 43818T (98.2%), Micromonospora eburnea DSM 44814T (98.2%) and Micromonospora spongicola S3-1T (98.1%). The physiological and DNA-DNA hybridization data allowed the differentiation of strain HSS6-8T from its related species. Thus, the strain represents a novel species of the genus Micromonospora, for which the name Micromonospora caldifontis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HSS6-8T (=TBRC 8927T=JCM 17126T).

Thawai, Chitti

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