Satcharoen, Kleddao
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Item type:Publication, The effect of icon entropy, icon concreteness and time on human selection accuracy(2019-02-01)This paper reports on an experimental study that included engineering faculty undergraduates (n = 400) to measure the effect of icon entropy and icon concreteness on selection accuracy within time constraint conditions (15 seconds, 10 seconds, and 5 seconds). The research was undertaken as an exploratory tool to study the potential effects and interactions of entropy, which has been poorly studied as a possible factor in icon selection outcomes despite existing knowledge that entropy is perceivable by humans and can influence their behaviors. This May be particularly important in small-screen computing where icon size and resolution May pose a challenge for perception, and where entropy May interfere further by introducing high salience. Results showed that conditions of high entropy resulted in lower categorization accuracy for both high and low concreteness icons. However, these differences were only significant under the strictest time constraint (5 seconds). - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, A Generational Cohort Comparison of Icon Selection Accuracy under Varying Conditions of Icon Entropy and Concreteness(2023-01-01); —The objective of this research was to compare icon selection accuracy under varying icon entropy and concreteness conditions between different generational cohorts (Millennial, Generation X, and Baby Boomers). These generational cohorts have different levels of experience with technology, with younger generations often being framed as “digital natives” and holding stronger technological experience and competence in comparison to older groups. Generational groups also have variations in physiological factors including visual acuity and reaction time. Despite these differences between user groups, many user interaction systems and processes are designed for a single user, rather than considering differences in user processing between different groups. Therefore, this study compares generational cohorts in their icon selection accuracy under varying icon conditions, to help identify what generational differences can be observed in this task. The study selected a sample of 150 participants (n = 50 for each generational cohort). The experiment was a 2☓2☓3 design (entropy (high/low) ☓ abstractness (abstract/concrete) ☓ time (9/6/3 seconds), with each participant completing 60 trials (five questions per entropy/abstractness pair over three timed runs). Results showed that there were significant differences in mean accuracy per trial under all of the time conditions and icon entropy and concreteness conditions. Mean differences showed that under most conditions, Millennial and Generation X participants did not have a significant mean difference, but Baby Boomers were significantly slower under almost all conditions. The implication of this finding is that Baby Boomers are more sensitive to icon abstractness and entropy conditions than other age groups tested. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
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Item type:Publication, Icon Size Effect on Selection Speed and Accuracy(2020-12-01)The objective of this research is to evaluate the effect of icon size on selection speed and accuracy. An experiment was designed for investigation of icon selection on a mobile device. A set of 20 icons, with a combination of six icon sizes (16pix to 96pix square), was used to generate 120 trials per subject (n = 52). Selection time (seconds) and accuracy (accurate/inaccurate) were collected. Data was analyzed using chi-square tests. Analysis of TimeｘAccuracy showed that 2s had the lowest inaccuracy rates (.84%), while 5s+ had the highest inaccuracy rates (8.86%). When considering Icon SizeｘTime→Accuracy showed that there were significant differences for most groups. The highest inaccuracy rates were seen for small icons (48pix and smaller), and inaccuracy climbed at higher Time. The implication of this study is that icon size can negatively influence selection speed and that higher selection speed was associated with lower accuracy as well. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Does size matter in the speed and accuracy on image identification?(2017-12-13)Icon images need to be presented in correct sizes and their perceptions must be accurate for the end users to perform appropriate tasks as intended. This study investigates whether six different sizes of icon images affect image identification in terms of response time and accuracy. The results of the experiment show that although a general trend, i.e. the larger the image gets, the lesser response time and more accurate the image identification becomes, appears to hold, the difference of the measurements of response time among some icon images is in fact insignificant. A similar observation is also made for accuracy of image identification. The result of this investigation indicates that a wider and more thorough study of the size issue over commonly used icon images is needed. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, The influence of colour on intention to adopt food delivery service mobile app(2017-11-24)This research investigates the connections between colour usage, food appetite, and intention to adopt a food delivery services mobile app. Although research has established a connection between colour perception and appetite, hunger, and food choice, the research was designed to explore the importance of colour in app design and the link between appetite for food and adoption of the app. The research used a quantitative, scenario-based online questionnaire distributed to Thai mobile Internet users (n = 398). Users were asked about their perception of the colours and appetite, followed by a mobile app adoption scenario. Results showed that Orange, Red, Yellow, and Blue were associated with food appetite, while Orange, Red, and Blue were associated with adoption intention. Food appetite and adoption intention were positively and strongly associated. The implication of this research is that app designers need to consider the psychological implications of their aesthetic design. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Enhancing Odor Classification of Essential Oils with Electronic Nose Data(2024-01-01); In the current business landscape, the fragrance industry has gained substantial prominence. In this context, there is a requirement to create the most compact and sufficiently accurate model possible, suitable for deployment on a portable device. The aim is to develop a model capable of effectively classifying various fragrance types based on data pertaining to air properties and fragrance component attributes. This paper presents the feature extraction from the dataset electronic node to classify odor types using a machine learning model compared before and after the feature extraction of the dataset. In our investigation, we employed datasets of varying sizes, including small datasets (composed of 1000 samples), large datasets (composed of 10000 samples), and raw datasets (composed of 21000 samples). This methodology was employed to discern disparities in model performance, average accuracy, and computational runtime across these different dataset sizes. We observed that the decision tree model, post-training with principal component analysis, showed a performance improvement when compared to the basic machine learning model. Specifically, the decision tree model achieved accuracy rates of 100.00%, 99.97%, and 97.00% respectively. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Mobile Phone Background Design for Older Adults: A Case Study of Line(2019-04-01)The purpose of this study was to examine how visual characteristics like the background image could affect usability of mobile apps for older adults, using a case study of the Line messaging application. Older adults typically have a lower use of mobile Internet technologies, because of both visual and cognitive barriers and attitudes and resistance to change. The study was conducted as a qualitative observational study of 40 older adults, who were offered a brief training session on Line and then monitored at three times over a three-week period. The findings showed that post-training, many participants did change their backgrounds to suit colour preferences, mood, or vision needs. Adopters also self-discovered features like group-based background colours. Although there were a few non-adopters remaining, the study showed that training in app use encouraged senior users to use the app and to adapt it to their needs. The implication is that app-specific training could improve senior use of mobile apps. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Differential effects of gender on entropy perception(2017-01-01)The purpose of this research is to examine differences in perception of entropy (color intensity) between male and female computer users. The objectives include identifying gender-based differences in entropy intention and exploring the potential effects of these differences (if any) on user interface design. The research is an effort to contribute to an emerging field of interest in gender as it relates to science, engineering and technology (SET), particularly user interface design. Currently, there is limited evidence on the role of gender in user interface design and in use of technology generally, with most efforts at gender-differentiated or customized design based on stereotypes and assumptions about female use of technology or the assumption of a default position based on male preferences. Image entropy was selected as a potential characteristic where gender could be a factor in perception because of known differences in color perception acuity between male and female individuals, even where there is no known color perception abnormality (which is more common with males). Although the literature review suggested that training could offset differences in color perception and identification, tests in untrained subject groups routinely show that females are more able to identify, match, and differentiate colors, and that there is a stronger emotional and psychosocial association of color for females. Since image entropy is associated with information content and image salience, the ability to identify areas of high entropy could make a difference in user perception and technological capabilities. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Effect of Entropy in Icons and Background on Selection Accuracy(2018-09-11)The purpose of this research is to study the effect of icon and background entropy on selection accuracy under differing cognitive conditions. A series of two experiments are reported here. Both experiments used a 4x2 design (very high/ high/ medium/ low entropy background x high/ low entropy icon), measuring selection accuracy under two different conditions (untimed/3 second timed). The sample included undergraduate students at a university in Thailand (n = 100). Results were analysed using chi-square. The analysis showed that under untimed conditions, there were no significant differences in selection accuracy between different background and icon entropy levels. However, under timed conditions, very high entropy background/high entropy icon selection was significantly lower than other conditions, while low entropy background/low entropy icon selection was higher. This implies that while under normal conditions, visual entropy in field or figure does not impede distinguishing different figures, under conditions of cognitive stress entropy could reduce ability to distinguish such images.