Polyorach, Sineenart

Preferred name

Alternative Name

Polyorach, S.

Main Affiliation

School of Agricultural Technology

sineenart.po@kmitl.ac.th

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Assessment of the nutritive value of urea-calcium hydroxide-treated rice straw by in sacco technique
(2019-01-01)
Polyorach, Sineenart
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Wanapat, Metha
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Cherdthong, Anusorn
;
Gunun, Pongsatorn
;
Gunun, Nirawan
The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of urea-lime treatment on nutritive value and rumen degradability of rice straw by using the nylon-bag technique. Straw was assigned to treatments according to a 2 × 3 × 5 factorial arrangement in a completely randomised design. Factor A comprised two storage times (10 and 20 days), Factor B comprised three levels of lime addition (0%, 1% and 2%) and Factor C comprised five levels of urea treatment (1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5%). Two ruminal fistulated beef steers (410 ± 10 kg) were used to determine in situ DM degradability. The results showed that increasing the urea treatment level increased crude protein and organic matter concentrations, while concentrations of neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre decreased linearly with an increasing lime treatment level (P < 0.05). Moreover, urea and lime treatment increased the soluble fractions at time zero (a), insoluble degradability fractions (b), rate of degradation (c), potential degradability (a+b) and the effective degradability of DM (P < 0.05). Furthermore, rice-straw treatment at 20 days showed a better straw chemical composition and rumen degradability (P < 0.05) than that at 10 days. In conclusion, treatment with urea and lime improved the quality and ruminal degradability of rice straw. The present study suggested that urea treatment can improve the nutritional value of rice straw, especially, treatment with 3% urea together with 2% lime.
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In vitro rumen fermentation and methane production as affected by rambutan pee powder
(2018-09-12)
Gunun, Pongsatorn
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Gunun, Nirawan
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Cherdthong, Anusorn
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Wanapat, Metha
;
Polyorach, Sineenart
The current study was aimed to determine the effect of rambutan peel powder (RPP) supplementation on in vitro gas production, rumen fermentation characteristics and methane production. The experimental design was a completely randomized design and the dietary treatments were different levels of RPP supplementation at 0, 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 mg/0.5 g DM. Under this investigation, RPP supplementation did not affect gas production kinetics and in vitro digestibility (p >.05). The concentration of NH3-N decreased linearly with the increasing levels of RPP supplementation (p <.05). Propionate was increased (p <.05) when supplemented with RPP at 16 mg, while acetate and butyrate remained the same. On the other hand, supplementation of RPP decreased methane production (p <.05). This study indicated that RPP at 16 mg could be used as a rumen enhancer for manipulating rumen fermentation.
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Effects of feeding fresh cassava root with high-sulfur feed block on feed utilization, rumen fermentation, and blood metabolites in Thai native cattle
(2018-08-01)
Cherdthong, Anusorn
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Khonkhaeng, Benjamad
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Seankamsorn, Anuthida
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Supapong, Chanadol
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Wanapat, Metha
The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of feeding fresh cassava root (CR) along with a feed block containing high was to sulfur (FBS) on feed intake, digestibility, rumen fermentation, and blood thiocyanate concentration in Thai native beef cattle. Four Thai male native beef cattle, initial body weight (BW) of 130 + 20.0 kg, were used in this study. The experiments were randomly assigned according to a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement in a 4 × 4 Latin square design. The main factors were supplemented fresh CR levels (1.0 and 1.5% BW) and across to a feed block supplemented with sulfur added 2% (FBS-2) and 4% (FBS-4). Intakes of rice straw, concentrate diets, and FBS were not affected by treatments. Intakes of CR, sulfur, and total intake were significantly altered by the FBS treatment. The apparent dry matter and organic matter digestibility coefficient were significantly higher in animals fed FBS-4 than in those fed FBS-2. The ruminal ammonia nitrogen concentration was not affected by treatment and ranged from 15.6 to 17.6 mg/dl. Populations of protozoa and fungal zoospores were similar across treatments, whereas the bacterial population was significantly different between sulfur levels in the feed block. Feeding CR with FBS did not change total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations and VFA profiles except for the propionic acid concentration, which was higher in the group with CR supplementation at 1.5% BW. Cattle fed CR with FBS showed similar blood urea nitrogen concentration at various feeding times and overall. In contrast, CR supplementation at 1.5% BW with FBS-2 increased blood thiocyanate concentrations. Therefore, supplementation of FBS-2 was beneficial to Thai native beef cattle fed with 1.5% BW fresh CR as it improved digestibility and rumen fermentation presumed, because HCN from fresh cassava root was converted into thiocyanate, which is nontoxic to farm animals.
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Effects of Antidesma thwaitesianum Muell. Arg. pomace as a source of plant secondary compounds on digestibility, rumen environment, hematology, and milk production in dairy cows
(2019-03-01)
Gunun, Pongsatorn
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Gunun, Nirawan
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Khejornsart, Pichad
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Ouppamong, Thanaporn
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Cherdthong, Anusorn
Mao pomace meal (MPM) contains condensed tannins and saponins at 92 and 98 g/kg, respectively, and these substances can be used to manipulate ruminal fermentation in ruminant. Four multiparous lactating Holstein cows with 45 ± 5 days in milk were randomly assigned according to a 4 × 4 Latin square design to receive four different levels of MPM supplementation at 0, 100, 200, and 300 g/head/day, respectively. Cows were fed with concentrate diets at 1:1.5 of concentrate to milk yield ratio and urea-treated (3%) rice straw was fed ad libitum. The results revealed that feed intake, nutrient digestibility, blood urea nitrogen, and hematological parameters were not affected by MPM supplementation (p > 0.05). However, ruminal pH and propionate were increased quadratically (p < 0.05) in cows receiving MPM whereas acetate, acetate to propionate ratio and estimate methane production were decreased (p < 0.05). Supplementation of MPM linearly decreased ruminal ammonia nitrogen and protozoal population at 4 hr postfeeding (p < 0.05). Milk production and milk composition were similar among treatments (p > 0.05). In conclusion, supplementation of MPM at 200 g/head/day could modify ruminal fermentation and reduce methane production without adverse effect on feed intake, digestibility, hematological parameters, and milk production in dairy cows.
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Inclusion of yeast waste as a protein source to replace soybean meal in concentrate mixture on ruminal fermentation and gas kinetics using in vitro gas production technique
(2019-01-01)
Cherdthong, Anusorn
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Prachumchai, Rittikeard
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Supapong, Chanadol
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Khonkhaeng, Benjamad
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Wanapat, Metha
This experiment was conducted to investigate the utilisation of yeast waste as protein source to replace soybean meal in concentrate mixture on kinetic of gas, rumen ammonia-nitrogen and digestibility of nutrients by using in vitro gas production technique. The experimental design was a completely randomised design and the dietary treatments were replacing soybean meal with yeast wastein concentrate at the ratio of 100: 0, 75: 25, 50: 50, 25: 75 and 0: 100, respectively. Yeast waste was obtained from KSL Green Innovation Public Co. Limited, Thailand. The gas production was recorded at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h of incubation. The yeast waste contained 26.4% crude protein. Gas production from soluble fractions (a), gas production from the insoluble fraction (b), potential extent of gas production (a+b) and the gas production rate constants for the insoluble fraction (c) were not altered when increasing concentration of yeast waste replacing soybean meal (P > 0.05). Cumulative gas production (at 96 h of incubation) ranged from 69.3 to 72.8 mL and was similar among treatments. Ruminal NH<inf>3</inf>-N concentration was linearly increased (P < 0.05) whereas ruminal pH did not alter when inclusion various levels of yeast waste replacing soybean meal, which ranged from 15.2 to 19.1 mg/dL and 6.90 to 6.94, respectively. In vitro dry matter digestibility and in vitro organic matter digestibility did not changed by increasing levels of yeast waste in the diets (P > 0.05), except only in vitro dry matter digestibility at 12 h, which higher in soybean meal: yeast waste at 25: 75 ratio (P < 0.05). Furthermore, propionate (C3) molar was linearly higher when compared between inclusion yeast waste and the control group whereas acetate was decreased quadratically (P < 0.05) and protozoal population tended to be decreased (P = 0.07) when increasing the level of replacing yeast waste. In conclusion, yeast waste could replace soybean meal in concentrate mixture with no negative effect on gas kinetics, rumen fermentation and in vitro digestibility, and therefore its use in animal feeding would contribute to a reduction in environmental pollution.
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Improving the quality of sugarcane bagasse by urea and calcium hydroxide on gas production, degradability and rumen fermentation characteristics
(2017-12-01)
Gunun, N.
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Gunun, P.
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Wanapat, M.
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Cherdthong, A.
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Kang, S.
The objective of this study was to determine the influence of urea and whole soybean meal or calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)<inf>2</inf>] treatment on sugarcane bagasse nutritive values and in vitro fermentation. The experimental design was a completely randomized design (CRD) and the dietary treatments were sugarcane bagasse treated with urea (0, 20, 40g/kg) and whole soybean meal or Ca(OH)<inf>2</inf> (0, 25, 50g/kg). It was found that the protein content of sugarcane bagasse was significantly increased by whole soybean meal and urea treatment, and the values ranged from 65-71 g/kg DM. On the other hand, treatment of Ca(OH)<inf>2</inf> 50 g/kg with urea 40 g/kg could reduce (p<0.05) fiber content of sugarcane bagasse and the values were 533, 514 and 104 g/kg DM for NDF, ADF and ADL, respectively. Gas production from the insoluble fraction (b), potential extent of gas production (a+b) and cumulative gas production were significantly increased (p<0.05) in sugarcane bagasse treated with urea 40 g/kg and urea 40 g/kg + whole soybean meal 25 g/kg (55.3, 53.5 and 50.1 ml), respectively. Urea and Ca(OH)<inf>2</inf> treatment could increase DM and OM degradability, true digestibility and microbial mass of sugarcane bagasse(p<0.05). Furthermore, the concentration of C3, C2 and C2:C3 were improved by urea and whole soybean meal or Ca(OH)<inf>2</inf> treatment. In addition, methane production was decreased in sugarcane bagasse treated with urea 40 g/kg in the present study. Based on this experiment, it could be concluded that treatment of urea and Ca(OH)<inf>2</inf> was an alternative method to improve the nutritive value of sugarcane bagasse, gas production, digestibility and ruminal fermentation characteristics.
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Optimal cultivation time for yeast and lactic acid bacteria in fermented milk and effects of fermented soybean meal on rumen degradability using nylon bag technique
(2016-09-01)
Polyorach, S.
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Poungchompu, O.
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Wanapat, M.
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Kang, S.
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Cherdthong, A.
The objectives of this study were to determine an optimal cultivation time for populations of yeast and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) co-cultured in fermented milk and effects of soybean meal fermented milk (SBMFM) supplementation on rumen degradability in beef cattle using nylon bag technique. The study on an optimal cultivation time for yeast and LAB growth in fermented milk was determined at 0, 4, 8, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h post-cultivation. After fermenting for 4 days, an optimal cultivation time of yeast and LAB in fermented milk was selected and used for making the SBMFM product to study nylon bag technique. Two ruminal fistulated beef cattle (410±10 kg) were used to study on the effect of SBMFM supplementation (0%, 3%, and 5% of total concentrate substrate) on rumen degradability using in situ method at incubation times of 0, 2, 4, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h according to a Completely randomized design. The results revealed that the highest yeast and LAB population culture in fermented milk was found at 72 h-post cultivation. From in situ study, the soluble fractions at time zero (a), potential degradability (a+b) and effective degradability of dry matter (EDDM) linearly (p<0.01) increased with the increasing supplemental levels and the highest was in the 5% SBMFM supplemented group. However, there was no effect of SBMFM supplement on insoluble degradability fractions (b) and rate of degradation (c). In conclusion, the optimal fermented time for fermented milk with yeast and LAB was at 72 h-post cultivation and supplementation of SBMFM at 5% of total concentrate substrate could improve rumen degradability of beef cattle. However, further research on effect of SBMFM on rumen ecology and production performance in meat and milk should be conducted using in vivo both digestion and feeding trials.
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Effects of supplementation of piper sarmentosum leaf powder on feed efficiency, rumen ecology and rumen protozoal concentration in thai native beef cattle
(2019-04-01)
Cherdthong, Anusorn
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Khonkhaeng, Benjamad
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Foiklang, Suban
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Wanapat, Metha
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Gunun, Nirawan
This work was to study the influence of Piper sarmentosum (PS) leaf powder supplementation in cattle diet. It was found that supplementation of PS leaf powder at 2.4 g/d resulted in improving total feed intake and dry matter (DM) digestibility whereas there was reduced protozoal population and methane (CH<inf>4</inf>) production in cattle. The aim of this research was to study the influence of inclusion of Piper sarmentosum (PS) leaf powder on feed efficiency, rumen ecology, protozoal diversity and CH<inf>4</inf>emission in cattle. Four male beef cattle (1–1.5 years old) with similar initial body weights (BW) of 150 ± 20.00 kg were randomly assigned to a 4 × 4 Latin squared design. Experimental diets consisted of four levels of PS leaf powder supplementation at 0 (control), 0.6, 1.2 and 2.4 g/head/d, respectively. Dry matter (DM) intake of rice straw and total intake in terms of g/kg BW0.75 differed among treatments and were linearly greatest when PS was added at 2.4 g/head/d (p < 0.05). PS leaf powder did not affect the intake of nutrients and digestibility of organic matter, crude protein, and fibers. Nevertheless, digestibility of DM was found to increase by 4.8% in cattle when added at 2.4 g/head/d as compared to the other control treatments. PS leaf powder did not affect ruminal pH, ruminal temperature, ammonia–nitrogen concentration and blood urea-nitrogen (p > 0.05). The bacterial population was similar across PS levels (p > 0.05). However, the protozoal count was lower in animals fed with the supplement at 2.4 g/head/d (p < 0.05). The PS leaf powder did not affect total volatile fatty acid (VFA) and acetic acid (C2), butyric acid (C<inf>4</inf>), C2 to propionic acid (C3) and C2 to C3 to C4. However, concentration of C3 at 4 h post feeding and mean value linearly increased with supplementation of PS leaf powder at 2.4 g/d. The 4 h post-feeding and mean values of CH<inf>4</inf>concentration were linearly reduced with PS supplementation (p < 0.05). An increase of PS leaf powder at 2.4 g decreased CH<inf>4</inf>after feeding 4 h by 21.33% when compared to no PS leaf powder. Thus, supplementation of PS leaf powder at 2.4 g in ruminant feeding is recommended for manipulating rumen efficiency.
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In vitro fermentation, digestibility and methane production as influenced by Delonix regia seed meal containing tannins and saponins
(2017-01-01)
Supapong, C.
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Cherdthong, A.
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Seankamsorn, A.
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Khonkhaeng, B.
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Wanapat, M.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of supplementation of Delonix regia (DR) seed meal containing tannins and saponins on gas kinetics, ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N) content, pH, methane (CH4) production and dry matter (DM) digestibility using an in vitro gas production technique. The experimental design was completely randomized, and the dietary treatments included DR seed meal supplementation at levels of 0, 3.3, 5.0, 6.7, 8.3, 10, 11.7, 13.3, 15.0 and 16.7 mg DM added to 0.5 g of roughage and concentrate (70:30) mixture. The gas production was measured at several time points: 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 18, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h by a pressure transducer. The parameters of gas kinetics and cumulative gas production were not altered (P > 0.05), except for gas production rate constant for the insoluble fraction which was the highest at 11.7 mg DR seed meal inclusion. CH4 production and total protozoa counts linearly decreased with increasing DR seed meal levels (P < 0.05). DR seed meal addition caused quadratic increase of in vitro DM digestibility with the highest value at 11.7 mg DR seed meal inclusion. No significant difference in volatile fatty acid profile (P > 0.05) was stated between treatments except for propionic acid. In conclusion, supplementation of DR seed meal resulted in improved in vitro gas kinetics and DM digestibility up to 11.7 mg level, while CH4 production was reduced linearly. The further in vivo studies are necessary to examine practical of DR seed meal usage in animal production.
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Effects of microbial fermented liquid (MFL) supplementation on gas production kinetics and digestibility using in vitro gas production technique
(2018-12-01)
Nampukdee, R.
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Polyorach, S.
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Wanapat, M.
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Kang, S.
;
Cherdthong, A.
The effects of microbial fermented liquid (MFL) supplementation on rumen fermentation and digestibility of dairy steer using in vitro gas production technique was studied. The two rumen fistulated dairy steers as a rumen fluid donor was used. The levels of source of microbes (yeast (Y) and microbial fermented liquid (MFL) were incorporated with the levels of supplementation (0, 10, 20 and 30 % of concentrate) was recorded. It was found that the intercept value (a) and IVDMD and IVOMD were interacted (p<0.01) between microbial source and supplement levels, while, supplement levels affected on a and the insoluble fraction (b), microbial source affected on b, potential extent of gas production (a+b) and cumulative gas production at 72 h and IVOMD. Moreover, supplementation of MFL with 20 % of concentrate were the highest (p<0.05) of b, c, a+b, cumulative gas production at 72 h, IVDMD and IVOMD. In conclusion, supplementation of MFL could improve nutritional digestibility and a possible productivity in ruminants.

Polyorach, Sineenart

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