Sermsuk, Maytungkorn
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Sermsuk, Maytungkorn
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maytungkorn.se@kmitl.ac.th
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Item type:Publication, Feasibility of integrating small-scale liquefied natural gas (LNG) terminal with combined cycle power plant to reduce carbon emissions and costs for data centers(2025-06-01); ; Global data centers are projected to consume 2–3% of global electricity and contribute 8% of carbon emissions by 2030, driven by the rising demand for 5G. In Southeast Asia's tropical climate, cooling data centers presents a challenge, as power plant efficiency drops by 10–20% during summer, when ambient temperatures reach 35–40°C. This study introduces a novel system that integrates a small-scale liquefied natural gas (LNG) receiving terminal with a combined cycle power plant (CCPP) and a data center, designed specifically for tropical climates. The system harnesses LNG cold energy through three configurations: intermediate fluid vaporizer (IFV), Rankine cycle (RC), and direct expansion cycle (DEC), to optimize electricity generation and chilled water production. By reducing the gas turbine inlet temperature from 35°C to 22°C, the system boosts power output by 12.22% and thermal efficiency by 3.84%. Nighttime cooling supports a 3,048-rack data center, resulting in annual savings of $5.50 million and a reduction of 20,304 tons of CO₂ emissions. Switching to gas power plants during summer further increases savings to $7.75 million and cuts emissions by 29,104 tons. An economic analysis shows a payback period of 2.30 years and an internal rate of return (IRR) of 69%. This integrated approach offers an efficient, cost-effective, and environmentally sustainable solution for power generation and data center operation in hot climates. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Advanced conceptual design for the regasification process to minimize carbon emissions, water use, and reduce operating costs for AI data centers, airport hubs, smart cities and initial zero-emission LNG receiving terminals(2026-06-01); ; Achieving net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050 requires improving energy efficiency in transitional fuels such as liquefied natural gas (LNG). In 2023, global LNG imports reached 401.5 MTPA; however, most of the 180 LNG receiving terminals worldwide still discharge large amounts of recoverable cold energy into the ocean. Meanwhile, the rapid growth of artificial intelligence (AI) data centers is driving unprecedented electricity demand, with projected global electricity consumption exceeding 3000 TWh by 2030. This study proposes an advanced LNG regasification system integrating Intermediate Fluid Vaporization (IFV), Rankine Cycle (RC), and Direct Expansion Cycle (DEC) to recover both temperature and pressure exergy. The system is evaluated for LNG terminals with capacities of 10–30 MTPA under pressure levels of 70, 30, and 6 bar across eight operational models and two infrastructure configurations. Results indicate that terminal electricity imports are reduced by 52–78 % compared with conventional open rack vaporizer (ORV) systems. Net electricity generation ranges from 12.09 to 197.91 MW, while chilled water cooling capacity reaches 272.72–1075.44 MW. Cooling electricity demand is reduced by approximately 79 %, lowering data center Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) from 2.00 to 1.36. Water Usage Effectiveness (WUE) decreases from 1.9 to 3.0 to approximately 0.3 L/kWh, achieving an 89–93 % reduction in cooling-related water use. At 30 MTPA, carbon emissions are reduced by up to 2.99 million tons annually, with economic savings of USD 119.96–603.15 million per year and a maximum IRR of 37.7 %. These results demonstrate the significant potential of LNG cold energy integration for near-zero-emission terminal operation and sustainable data center cooling.