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Perovskite formation, dielectric and ferroelectric properties of PbZrO 3-Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3 ceramics via a columbite precursor synthetic route
Date Issued
June 1, 2007
Type
Article
Abstract
Perovskite structures in the PZ-PNN system with formula (1-x)PbZrO 3-xPb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3 with x ≤ 0.0-0.5 are synthesized via the columbite precursor technique. The formation of the perovskite phase in the calcined powders has been investigated as a function of calcination conditions by using thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA) and x-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The complete solid solutions of the perovskite phase of PZ-PNN ceramics were obtained over a wide compositional range. It was observed that for the binary system (1-x)PbZrO 3-xPb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3, the change in the calcination temperature is approximately linear with respect to the PNN content in the range x ≤ 0.0-0.5. With increasing x, the calcination temperature shifts forward to high temperatures. It is seen that optimization of the calcination conditions can lead to a 100% yield of PZ-PNN in a pseudo-cubic phase. The P-E hysteresis loop measurements demonstrated that the ferroelectric properties of the ceramics in the PZ-PNN system changed gradually from normal ferroelectric behavior to relaxor ferroelectric behavior with increasing PNN concentration. In addition, the squareness of the hysteresis loop (R sq) decreased quasi-linearly as the molar fraction of PNN increased. The maximum spontaneous polarization (Ps) and remanent polarization (Pr) for the x ≤ 0.1 composition were 31.6νCcm-2 and 27.8νCcm-2, respectively. These results clearly show the significance of PNN in controlling the electrical responses of the PZ-PNN system. © IOP Publishing Ltd.
Citation
Smart Materials and Structures, 16(3), 851-857, 2007