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Gm-C simulation of floating frequency-dependent negative conductance and applications to active LC ladder filter
Author(s)
Tangjit, Jetwara
Date Issued
October 1, 2025
Type
Article
Abstract
This paper presents a simulator for floating frequency-dependent negative conductance (FDNC) using the Gm-C technique with adjustable transconductance cells and grounded capacitors. The proposed configuration eliminates the need for passive resistors and component matching, resulting in a compact, resistorless design highly suitable for IC integration . The FDNC circuit offers precise electronic tunability of the equivalent M-element via external bias currents, which makes it particularly beneficial for processing analog signals. To validate its functionality, the proposed FDNC is applied to implement second-order low-pass and fourth-order band-pass active ladder filters. Simulations with TSMC 0.18-µm CMOS technology confirm the electronic tunability of M-element values between 1.95 nF/s and 18.22 nF/s, as well as filter cutoffs, demonstrating frequency operation from 20 kHz to 300 kHz. The design exhibits high accuracy, low component sensitivity, and excellent compatibility with integrated circuit realization, thereby representing a robust solution for modern analog filter synthesis.
Citation
Journal of Electrical Engineering, 76(5), 443-449, 2025