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Development of Bilayer Chitosan–Carrageenan Hydrogel Film for Enhanced Controlled Release of Turmeric–β-Cyclodextrin Complex in Wound Dressings
Author(s)
Sintoppun, Tanaporn
Chantaranara, Prapassorn
Punpairoj, Prapaporn
Deatvakkanee, Pitchapa
Date Issued
November 1, 2025
Type
Article
Abstract
This study presents the development and evaluation of a bilayer hydrogel film designed for controlled drug delivery in wound dressing applications. The outer layer, composed of chitosan and glycerol, exhibited excellent water resistance, flexibility, and favorable moisture-handling properties, including high water vapor permeability and moisture absorption, which are critical factors for maintaining an optimal wound environment. The inner drug-loaded layer, formulated with carrageenan and loaded with either free turmeric or turmeric–β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex (TCD), served as the drug reservoir. Films incorporating TCD exhibited significantly enhanced turmeric solubility and drug release efficiency compared to those containing uncomplexed turmeric. Among the tested formulations, CS-TCD1, which featured a thinner drug-loaded layer, achieved the highest performance, with approximately 68% cumulative release over four days. While the release kinetics showed a strong correlation with the Higuchi kinetic model (R2 = 0.9927), further analysis using the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and the Korsmeyer–Peppas model indicated an anomalous (non-Fickian) transport mechanism, governed by both diffusion and matrix swelling or erosion. These results highlight the importance of matrix architecture and drug solubilization strategies in the design of hydrogel-based drug delivery systems for wound care.
Citation
Fibers and Polymers, 26(11), 4725-4736, 2025