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Combining ability analysis in anthracnose-resistant introgression inbreds and developing improved resistant lines of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)
Author(s)
Saengarun, Patcharapan
Inprasert, Hathaipat
Kumsee, Nattika
Tsai, Wen Shi
Techawongstien, Suchila
Tainta, Tanyarat
Kumar, Sanjeet
Jeeatid, Nakarin
Chatchawankanphanich, Orawan
Date Issued
January 1, 2025
Type
Article
Abstract
Chili peppers (C. annuum L.) are a commercial spice crop in the tropics. In Thailand, chili pepper is a cash crop for farmers and has cultural significance in Thai cuisine. Anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum spp. is responsible for a significant reduction in the marketable fruit yield of chili peppers. In this study, we tested the combining abilities of anthracnose-resistant chili pepper lines possessing resistance introgression genome segments from C. chinense (PBC932) and C. baccatum (PBC80). Six parental inbreds developed from two resistant donors PBC80 and PBC932 were crossed in a haft-diallel fashion to develop 15 cross combinations during 2018. In 2019, seeds of 21 genotypes comprising six parents and 15 F1 s were planted in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) and data on plant characteristics, fruit yield and yield components were recorded. Detached fruits were screened against anthracnose causing aggressive species (C. acutatum). ANT4 showed the lowest disease lesion size and lowest GCA value at green and red fruit stages, containing resistance from PBC80. Additionally, the general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) were significantly different at the green fruit stage, with the SCA component greater than GCA. Based on GCA and SCA estimates, ANT4 was selected and crossed to three highly susceptible cultivars (Yodsonkeam 80, Num, and Jindanil 80). The crosses were advanced and 10 F5 lines were developed through marker-assisted selection (MAS) for resistance genes. The MAS was more useful for selecting resistance at the green fruit stage. We also found that MAS was more effective in F2 progenies compared to F5 progenies. Finally, we selected 10 new pure lines and evaluated them at the farmer's field. AF1, AF6, and AF7 were highly resistant to anthracnose, a more desirable good fruit type and high yield.
Citation
Scientia Horticulturae, 339, 2025