A Mathematical Model for Evaluating the Risk of Airborne Infection Among Bus Passengers Using Ventilation Systems

Abstract

Carbon dioxide from human breath contributes significantly to airborne diseases. Breathing can expose us to usually dangerous airborne infections, which rapidly spread. By using a bus, there is a chance of contracting an infection. This study takes into account a mathematical model of airborne infection caused by human breath. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the probability that passengers in a bus with ventilation systems may well get an airborne infection. The model can be divided into five submodels, such as an exhaled air concentration measurement model for a bus with a variable number of passengers, the volume fraction of exhaled air model, the concentration of airborne infectious particles model, the number of airborne infectious particles model, and the risk of airborne infection model. The model’s solution might be used to determine the probability that susceptible people will get an airborne infection. An explicit forward-time centered-space finite difference method is used to approximate the solution. In order to reduce the risk of airborne infection and improve ventilation, the provided mathematical models were used to assess the risk of airborne infection among bus passengers using ventilation systems. Better air quality control that balances the number of passengers allowed to travel on a bus will be among the ventilation’s main advantages.