Innovative eco-friendly methyl orange removal: Mechanism, kinetic, and thermodynamic study using starch cryogel-integrated mesoporous silica nanoparticles

Abstract

at 298-318 K). In the presence of sodium silicate at 13.1 times the MO concentration, removal efficiency drops by 35.77 %, and with sodium sulfate and urea at 100 times the MO concentration, it decreases by 8.65 %. Despite these challenges, MSNs-Cry effectively removes MO in the presence of the anionic dye Congo Red and metal ions, demonstrating its selective adsorption capabilities. The tablet form of MSNs-Cry prevents the loss of uncalcined MSNs, mitigating potential environmental and operational impacts. Additionally, the composite's effectiveness at a natural pH of 6.65 eliminates the need for pH adjustment, offering a cost-effective solution for real-world applications. This study establishes MSNs-Cry as a promising material for sustainable water purification.