Electrochemical and electrical characteristics of ball milled Cs₂Ti₆O₁₃ modified by the surface-to-bulk migration of hydroxyl groups

Abstract

. The alternating current electrical properties were also measured, revealing fundamental insights such as the one-dimensional conduction pathway and the relaxation time in microseconds. A model has been proposed for this surface-to-bulk migration of the hydroxyl groups, which competes with surface dangling bonds leading to particle agglomeration.