Hydrolytic degradation of poly(lactic acid): Population balance modelling for simulating molecular weight distribution

Abstract

Poly (lactic acid) (PLA) is one of the most promising biobased and biodegradable polymers able to replace several fossil-based plastics for packaging and other applications. However, PLA is susceptible to hydrolytic degradation, impacting its overall service performance and end-of-life. The molecular weight distribution (MWD) is a critical parameter that provides insights during hydrolytic degradation. In this study, we introduced a population balance model, utilizing the high-order moment-conserving method of classes, to describe the MWD during the hydrolytic degradation of amorphous PLA film at 45 °C and 65 °C and expanded to 85 °C. The phenomenological model provided hydrolysis constants that clarified noncatalytic and autocatalytic reaction mechanisms and information on specific chain scission of a particular length. Our predictions demonstrate a promising alignment in weight location and distribution shape with the experimental MWDs observed throughout the hydrolytic process of PLA. One notable advantage is the MWD simulation, conducted over an extended time frame. Furthermore, this predictive capability extends to forecasting the lifetime of PLA films at various temperatures within the tested range, thereby fostering insights into PLA hydrolysis applicable to real-life scenarios and supporting environmentally conscious degradation practices.