Effect of calcium phosphate on growth, pigment and secondary compound accumulation in Cannabis sativa L. callus

Abstract

The application of calcium phosphate in the form of tricalcium phosphate (Ca3(PO4)2) on cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.) callus cultures for 7 days significantly increased fresh and dry weights at concentrations ranging from 800 to 2000 mg/L, with no statistical differences between concentrations. However, higher calcium phosphate concentrations led to reductions in pigments and DPPH radical scavenging activity. By contrast, callus cultures treated with 800 and 1600 mg/L showed enhanced total phenolic content and carotenoids, while total flavonoid content increased proportionally. These findings suggested that calcium phosphate concentration influenced the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in cannabis callus cultures.