Mesoscopic Interference of Rotated Spins in Graphene Coupled to High-Spin–Orbit-Coupling Substrates

mT). The ZBA moreover exhibits a stochastic variation when a gate voltage is used to sweep the Fermi level through the graphene bands, with ranges for which the antilocalization is either prominent or strongly suppressed. This mesoscopic character is exhibited by both of the studied systems, whose ZBA is also damped in similar fashion with increasing temperature. We thus provide fundamental insight into the nonensemble-averaged (nonself-averaged) character of spin interference in mesoscopic systems with strong SOC and, more specifically, into how the details of spin rotation are impacted by external gating. This understanding may ultimately enable the efficient modulation of spin currents in future spintronic devices.