Comparison Between Snowflake Fractal and Koch Fractal for Intelligent Reflecting Surface

Abstract

This paper compares two fractal metasurface designs for Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces at X-band which is with a snowflake-shaped fractal ring and a fractal Koch metasurface. The snowflake ring design with a 10GHz center frequency achieves very high reflectance (<tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\sim 90 {\%}$</tex>) at resonance and a bandwidth of about 1.90 GHz. The Koch-fractal design response with a bandwidth of 2.10 GHz at a center frequency of 10GHz. The method for both fractal metasurfaces and a comparable on their reflection coefficients, phase behaviour, bandwidth and current distributions are discussed in section II and section III.