Influences of gamma ray and polyethylene glycol to identified the drought-resistant in the rice (Oryza sativa L. Cv. Riceberry) by plant tissue culture

Abstract

The drought-resistant on rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Riceberry) was studied by mutation and tissue culture techniques. The dry seeds of rice were exposed gamma ray at 0, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 krad. Naked seeds were cultured on NB medium without growth hormone. The result indicated of lethal dose (LD 50 ) values of 28 krad that, could be highly related to mutagenic agent. The seeds were exposed to a dose at 28 krad of gamma rays and transferred onto NB medium supplemented with 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% polyethylene glycol (PEG) compared with non-irradiation. The effect of irradiation and PEG was assessed on the shoot and root length, fresh and dry weight, total chlorophyll content and proline concentrations. The non-irradiation results appeared to the highest average of the shoot and fresh weight. On the contrary, the irradiated seeds produced the highest proline concentration and root length. The PEG decreased all the recored characters, except for the average of proline accumulation. The irradiation was the highest mean of root length, dry weight, chlorophyll, proline at the concentration of 15% PEG. This result gave some signal characteristics in drought tolerance against drought stress.