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Antagonistic activity of Candida utilis SCKU1 yeast against crown rot disease of 'Hom Thong' Banana (Musa acuminata, AAA group)
Author(s)
Date Issued
July 1, 2022
Type
Article
Abstract
Candida utilis SCKU1 yeast had an antifungal activity on seven isolates of fruit postharvest pathogens ranging from 21.5-49.1% inhibition. It was the most effective antagonist against two pathogens, Colletotrichum musae BCm1 causing banana anthracnose and Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae DL1 causing durian fruit rot. Inhibition zone appearances on co-culture plates were observed on four pathogens including C. gloeosporioides DCg1, C. musae BCm1, L. pseudotheobromae DL1 and Phomopsis sp. isolate DP1. The largest zone of inhibition (10.15±0.75 mm wide) was noticed in L. pseudotheobromae DL1 plate. Yeast culture filtrate was able to inhibit the mycelial growth of all pathogens, but the most inhibition was found in four pathogens, C. gloeosporioides DCg1, C. gloeosporioides MCg1, C. musae BCm1 and Phomopsis sp. isolate DP1 with 80.6-84.2% inhibition. Additionally, both yeast cell suspension and its culture filtrate significantly reduced the disease severity of banana crown rot by 35.9 and 33.5%, respectively. However, the mechanism of antagonistic yeast against crow rot disease was demonstrated by producing cell wall degrading enzymes such as beta-1,3-glucanase and chitinase. Cell suspension and culture filtrate of yeast also provided the induction of disease resistance by stimulating the activity of the defense-related enzyme, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), beta-1,3-glucanase and chitinase against the disease. PAL activity was greatly activated by both treatments at 72 h after application (haa). The activity of beta-1,3-glucanase and chitinase was also induced by both treatments starting from 48 haa, but the highest level of both enzyme activities was demonstrated at 96 haa. At 96 haa, the level of chitinase activity was extremely enhanced by culture filtrate of yeast. This preliminary study revealed that either yeast cell suspension or its culture filtrate might be alternatively used for controlling banana crow rot on banana production.
Citation
International Journal of Agricultural Technology, 18(4), 1847-1868, 2022