Now showing 1 - 7 of 7
  • Some of the metrics are blocked by your 
    Item type:Publication,
    Electrospun cellulose acetate fibers: Effect of solvent system on morphology and fiber diameter
    (2007-12-01)
    Tungprapa, Santi
    ;
    Puangparn, Tanarinthorn
    ;
    Weerasombut, Monchawan
    ;
    ;
    Fakum, Porntiva
    This paper reports an investigation of the effects of solvent system, solution concentration, and applied electrostatic field strength (EFS) on the morphological appearance and/or size of as-spun cellulose acetate (CA) products. The single-solvent systems were acetone, chloroform, N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF), dichloromethane (DCM), methanol (MeOH), formic acid, and pyridine. The mixed-solvent systems were acetone-DMAc, chloroform-MeOH, and DCM-MeOH. Chloroform, DMF, DCM, MeOH, formic acid, and pyridine were able to dissolve CA, forming clear solutions (at 5% w/v), but electrospinning of these solutions produced mainly discrete beads. In contrast, electrospinning of the solution of CA in acetone produced short and beaded fibers. At the same solution concentration of 5% (w/v) electrospinning of the CA solutions was improved by addition of MeOH to either chloroform or DCM. For all the solvent systems investigated smooth fibers were obtained from 16% (w/v) CA solutions in 1:1, 2:1, and 3:1 (v/v) acetone-DMAc, 14-20% (w/v) CA solutions in 2:1 (v/v) acetone-DMAc, and 8-12% (w/v) CA solutions in 4:1 (v/v) DCM-MeOH. For the as-spun fibers from CA solutions in acetone-DMAc the average diameter ranged between 0.14 and 0.37 μm whereas for the fibers from solutions in DCM-MeOH it ranged between 0.48 and 1.58 μm. After submersion in distilled water for 24 h the as-spun CA fibers swelled appreciably (i.e. from 620 to 1110%) but the physical integrity of the fibrous structure remained intact. © Springer Science+Business Media, Inc. 2007.
  • Some of the metrics are blocked by your 
    Item type:Publication,
    Electrospun dextran fibrous membranes
    (2008-06-01)
    Ritcharoen, Watadta
    ;
    Thaiying, Yaowaporn
    ;
    Saejeng, Yupa
    ;
    ;
    Rangkupan, Ratthapol
    Ultra-fine fiber mats of dextran (powder; M<inf>w</inf> = 64,000-76,000 Da) were fabricated by electrospinning, using water as the solvent. The effects of solution concentration (i.e., 0.7-1.3 g mL<sup>-1</sup>) and applied electric field (9-21 kV/15 cm) on morphological appearance and size of the obtained fibers were investigated. Under a fixed electric field of 15 kV/15 cm and a fixed solution flow rate of 0.25 mL h<sup>-1</sup>, beaded fibers were observed up to a critical concentration of about 0.9 g mL<sup>-1</sup>, beyond which only smooth fibers were obtained. The average diameter of these fibers increased monotonically with increasing the solution concentration (i.e., from ∼290 to ∼1950 nm). For the dextran solutions investigated, increasing the electric field generally caused the diameters of the obtained fibers to increase, with the average diameter of the obtained fibers ranging between 520 and 1760 nm. To improve the usefulness of the electrospun dextran fiber mats in an aqueous medium, cross-linking with glutaraldehyde was necessary. The effects of curing temperature (i.e., 70-90 °C), curing time (i.e., 3-48 h), and added MgCl<inf>2</inf> catalyst (i.e., 0.01-0.03 g) on physical integrity of the cross-linked dextran membranes in water were investigated. Both the swelling and the weight loss in water of the cross-linked membranes were generally found to decrease with increasing curing temperature, curing time, and MgCl<inf>2</inf> loading and the cross-linking did not affect the morphology of the obtained membranes. © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2008.
  • Some of the metrics are blocked by your 
    Item type:Publication,
    Ultrafine electrospun poly(ethylene glycol)-polydimethylsiloxane-poly(ethylene glycol) triblock copolymer/poly(ethylene oxide) blend fibers
    (2006-10-01)
    Tungprapa, Santi
    ;
    ;
    Ngamdee, Paradorn
    ;
    Rutnakornpituk, Metha
    ;
    Supaphol, Pitt
    In the present contribution, successful preparation of ultrafine fibers of poly(ethylene glycol)-polydimethylsiloxane-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG-PDMS-PEG) triblock copolymer in its blends with poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) via electrospinning process was reported for the first time. Chloroform was used as the solvent, the compositional weight ratios between the copolymer and PEO were 80/20, 70/30, and 60/40 and the total concentration of the solutions was either 4 or 6% w/v. While pure PEG-PDMS-PEG solutions in chloroform were not electrospinnable into fibers, the solutions that contained PEO were. The improvement in the electrospinnability of the PEG-PDMS-PEG solutions in the presence of PEO was thought to be due to the increase in the viscosity of the resulting solutions. The average diameter of the fibers obtained ranged between 2.3 and 2.8 μm. Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy measurements confirmed the existence of the copolymer within the as-spun blend fibers. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
  • Some of the metrics are blocked by your 
    Item type:Publication,
    Release characteristics of four model drugs from drug-loaded electrospun cellulose acetate fiber mats
    (2007-08-10)
    Tungprapa, Santi
    ;
    ;
    Supaphol, Pitt
    Ultra-fine fiber mats of cellulose acetate (CA; M<inf>w</inf> ≈ 30 000 Da; degree of acetyl substitution ≈ 2.4) containing four different types of model drugs, i.e., naproxen (NAP), indomethacin (IND), ibuprofen (IBU), and sulindac (SUL), were successfully prepared by electrospinning from 16% w/v CA solutions in 2:1 v/v acetone/N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc). The amount of the drugs in the solutions was fixed at 20 wt.% based on the weight of CA powder. The morphology of the drug-loaded electrospun (e-spun) CA fiber mats was smooth, with the average diameters of these fibers ranging between 263 and 297 nm. No presence of the drug aggregates of any kind was observed on the surfaces of these fibers, suggesting that the drugs were encapsulated well within the fibers. After submersion in the acetate buffer solution at 37 °C for 24 h, the drug-loaded e-spun CA fiber mats swelled particularly well (i.e., 570-630%), while the corresponding solvent-cast film counterparts did not. The release characteristics of the model drugs from both the drug-loaded CA fiber mats and the drug-loaded as-cast CA films were carried out by the total immersion method in the acetate buffer solution at 37 °C. At any given immersion time point, the release of the drugs from the drug-loaded e-spun CA fiber mats was greater than that from the corresponding as-cast films. The maximum release of the drugs from both the drug-loaded fiber mats and films could be ranked as follows: NAP > IBU > IND > SUL. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
  • Some of the metrics are blocked by your 
    Item type:Publication,
    Electrospinnability of poly(butylene succinate): Effects of solvents and organic salt on the fiber size and morphology
    (2015-11-01)
    Klairutsamee, Watthana
    ;
    Supaphol, Pitt
    ;
    Submicrosized and nanosized fibers of polymers can be formed easily by electrospinning techniques. However, bead formation can occur if inappropriate solvent systems are used. In this study, we focused on investigating the effects of solvents and organic salt on the electrospinnability of poly(butylene succinate) (PBS). Electrospun PBS fibers were obtained from single-solvent systems, that is, systems with chloroform (CF) or dichloromethane, at various concentrations (8-30% w/v). Discrete beads and beaded fibers were still found at every PBS concentration. In this study, the electrospinnability of the PBS solutions in CF were improved by the addition of methanol (MeOH) as a cosolvent and an organic salt [alkyl ammonium ethyl sulfate (AAES)]. The obtained fibers were smooth without any beads, and the diameters were affected by the amount of MeOH and the PBS concentration. The electrospinnability of PBS could be enhanced by the addition of a cosolvent with a high dielectric constant or organic salt (AAES). Moreover, the diameters of the electrospun PBS fibers decreased with increasing AAES concentration. We found that the presence of MeOH (30 vol %) and the addition of AAES caused an increase in the crystallinity of the PBS fibers. Therefore, we concluded that bead-free ultrafine PBS fibers could be obtained through the addition of the cosolvent and the organic salt.
  • Some of the metrics are blocked by your 
    Item type:Publication,
    Novel foodstuff conveyor belts compound for energy saving: The effect of microwave pre-heating and mixed fillerson mechanical properties
    (2017-01-01)
    Limhengha, S.
    ;
    Limnararat, S.
    ;
    ;
    This research presents an effect of microwave power being utilized in preheating of a foodstuff conveyor belts compound (FCBc), with or without mixed fillers, and sulfur at different volumes of 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 phr respectively. Prior to hydraulic molding press at 150 oC, an FCBc is preheated for one minute through an industrial microwave system at a frequency of 2.45 GHz along with microwave power of 340, 850 and 1,700 watts whereas the cure timeis a time 50%. The result shows that the FCBc with mixed fillers and 1.0 phr sulfur with microwave power at 340 watts demonstrates an effective crosslink between the rubber and the fillers which subsequently produces the FCBc that contains better mechanical properties, not only at the lower cost on raw material but also the curing time reduces to 40.20 % per production round.
  • Some of the metrics are blocked by your 
    Item type:Publication,
    Design of natural-rubber panel railroad crossing using finite element method
    (2018-08-14)
    Sukhom, Aunna
    ;
    ; ; ;
    Treeporncharoen, Veerachai
    Thailand has a railway system that is available throughout the country, so there are several railroad crossings. These crossings are generally made of concrete or logs with multiple constraints. There are some disadvantages of concrete railroad crossing, such as, crack, noise during car passing over. To overcome these disadvantages, the softer materials should be used instead. Therefore, this research proposes the natural rubber, widely grown throughout Thailand, panel railroad crossing. However, the natural rubber alone is not enough to withstand the harsh condition. Thus, it is necessary to have some addition ingredients that will enhance the natural rubber properties. The material used in this research is a rubber compound between Chloroprene Rubber (CR) 75% and Natural rubber (NR) 25% blend with additives such as carbon black (CB), magnesium oxide (MgO) and sulfur (S8). The objectives of this article were to analyze the deformation of the natural rubber panel railroad crossing and to evaluate its safety factor, defined as the ratio of strain at break and the maximum equivalent strain, using finite element method. In the analysis, the applied loading of the model was obtained from the State Railway of Thailand. The analyzed results reveal that the deflection of rubber panels passes the standard from State Railway of Thailand. Safety factor of external rubber panel is 27.03 and for internal rubber panels are 9.12 and 15.29. The metal pads had elastically deformed and concrete railroad sleeper deformation was very small.