MI-OTA Based First Order Filters for Biomedical Applications

A low-power, electronically tunable voltage-mode first-order universal filter employing a multiple-input operational transconductance amplifiers (MI-OTAs). It does not require component matching, input matching, or signal inversion, simplifying practical implementation. Designed in 65 nm CMOS at 0.5 V, it consumes 10 nW and achieves a 41.7 dB dynamic range. Experimental results using commercially available LM13600N integrated circuits confirm its practical feasibility and versatility for low-power biomedical applications.