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Bacterial xylanase supplementation improves nutrient utilization, gut integrity, and microbial metabolism in broilers fed energy-reduced diets
(2026-04-01)
Phusathian, Benjaphorn
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Pongmanee, Koonphol
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Theapparat, Yongyuth
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Saikhwan, Nanthawath
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Trairatapiwan, Tassanee
This study evaluated the effects of bacterial xylanase supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, intestinal integrity, and microbial metabolic function in broilers fed energy-reduced diets. A total of 1,050 one-day-old male Ross 308 broiler chicks were randomly assigned to three dietary treatments, each comprising 14 replicates of 25 birds: a positive control (CON; standard corn–soybean meal diet), a negative control with reduced energy (NC; −85 kcal/kg), and an energy-reduced diet supplemented with bacterial xylanase (NCX; 100 g/ton Belfeed Xylanase™). During the starter phase, broilers fed the NC diet exhibited higher feed intake and FCR compared with those fed the CON and NCX diets (P < 0.05), with no significant difference between the CON and NCX diets. Apparent digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, and fat did not differ among dietary treatments (P > 0.05). However, broilers fed the NCX diet showed higher (P < 0.05) digestibility of crude fiber, NDF, and ADF than those fed the CON or NC diets. Apparent metabolizable energy was higher in broilers fed the CON and NCX diets compared with the NC diet. Furthermore, broilers receiving the CON and NCX diets exhibited significantly lower serum fluorescein isothiocyanate–dextran concentrations than those fed the NC diet, indicating improved intestinal barrier integrity. Bacterial xylanase supplementation increased microbial alpha diversity and altered beta diversity clustering, with enrichment of beneficial taxa such as Bifidobacteriaceae and Lactobacillaceae. Functional metagenomic prediction suggested greater representation of carbohydrate metabolism and energy production pathways in the NCX diet, whereas the NC diet was associated with enrichment of stress-related and xenobiotic degradation pathways. Overall, bacterial xylanase supplementation mitigated the adverse effects of dietary energy reduction by improving fiber utilization, maintaining gut integrity, and modulating the cecal microbiota toward a more favorable metabolic profile.
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Insight into the nutritional, physicochemical, functional, antioxidative properties and in vitro gastrointestinal digestibility of selected Thai rice: Comparative and multivariate studies
(2024-01-01)
Van Ngo, Tai
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Kunyanee, Kannika
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Luangsakul, Naphatrapi
Nutritional, physicochemical, functional, antioxidative and digestion properties of brown and white rice flours from four Thai rice varieties (Luangpatue, upland rice, RD43, and Hommali) were investigated and compared. Due to differences in grain color, the color parameters of flours varied significantly. Protein, fat, ash, carbohydrate, and moisture content, total dietary fiber, and calories of these rice flours were 6.94–10.21%, 1.68–3.16%. 0.554–1.442%, 71.20–79.68%, 9.79–10.53%, 1.07–3.64%, and 350.82–362.73 kcal/100g, respectively. RD43 brown rice (18.4%) and Luangpatue white rice (26.5%) respectively exhibited the lowest and highest amylose content. Luangpatue rice flours also showed higher swelling power, setback value, final viscosity, and thermal properties than other varieties. The variations in hydration properties and oil absorption index were noticeable among these rice flours. In addition, the highest level of total phenolic content and antioxidant activity led to the lowest estimated glycemic index (eGI = 62.92) found in upland brown rice. It was confirmed by the multivariate analysis results. This study reported the diverse physicochemical properties and composition-property relationships of two kinds of flours from four rice varieties collected from Thailand for the first time. It exhibited possible capabilities for the development of various rice-based products that promote health based on their characteristics on industrial scale.
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Evaluation of Nutrient Digestibility and Metabolizable Energy of Yeast-Fermented Acacia mangium Leaf by Japanese Quails
(2023-01-01)
Lerdsuwan, Saichon
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Pisuttharachai, Duangjai
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Nalinanon, Warrapong
The nutrient digestibility and the metabolizable energy (AME) of Acacia mangium leaf (AM) and yeast-fermented AM (YFAM) by Japanese quails were investigated. Fifty-four of 4-weeks-old Japanese quails were divided into 3 groups with six replications of three quails. Each quail was randomly fed with an experimental diet composed of dextrose (protein-free diet for determining endogenous excretion) 40 % AM and 40% YFAM. The quails were raised individually in a metabolic cage, where feed and water were provided ad-libitum. Both feed intake and feces weight were recorded. Experimental diets and excreta were sampled and subjected to proximate analysis for gross energy. The results of nutrient composition indicated that the fermentation AM with yeast highly significantly increased (P<0.01) dry matter (DM), ash, and nitrogen-free extractives (NFE) content but decreased (P<0.01) crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF), and gross energy (GE) content. In addition, the birds fed dietary YFAM compared with AM showed significantly increased (P≤0.01) DM, organic matter (OM), CP, and GE digestibility but decreased (P≤0.01) EE and CF digestibility. The protein utilization of birds fed dietary YFAM showed significantly greater (P≤0.01) FI, protein retained, protein intake, net protein utilization (NPU), and AME than those fed dietary AM. In conclusion, the fermentation of AMLM with yeast improved nutrient composition and enhanced the digestibility of nutrients, protein utilization, and AME of AMLM in Japanese quail.
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Effects of microbial fermented liquid (MFL) supplementation on gas production kinetics and digestibility using in vitro gas production technique
(2018-12-01)
Nampukdee, R.
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Polyorach, S.
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Wanapat, M.
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Kang, S.
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Cherdthong, A.
The effects of microbial fermented liquid (MFL) supplementation on rumen fermentation and digestibility of dairy steer using in vitro gas production technique was studied. The two rumen fistulated dairy steers as a rumen fluid donor was used. The levels of source of microbes (yeast (Y) and microbial fermented liquid (MFL) were incorporated with the levels of supplementation (0, 10, 20 and 30 % of concentrate) was recorded. It was found that the intercept value (a) and IVDMD and IVOMD were interacted (p<0.01) between microbial source and supplement levels, while, supplement levels affected on a and the insoluble fraction (b), microbial source affected on b, potential extent of gas production (a+b) and cumulative gas production at 72 h and IVOMD. Moreover, supplementation of MFL with 20 % of concentrate were the highest (p<0.05) of b, c, a+b, cumulative gas production at 72 h, IVDMD and IVOMD. In conclusion, supplementation of MFL could improve nutritional digestibility and a possible productivity in ruminants.
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Effi ciency of lactic acid bacteria as the potent degradative microorganism to digest the total mixed ration in vitro
(2018-01-01)
Suphalucksana, Wichai
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Soytong, Kasem
The objective of this research was to investigate the effi ciency of lactic acid bacteria on in vitro digestibility of total mixed ration (TMR) containing pineapple plant silage 55%, rice straw 15%, cassava ship 5.6%, soybean meal 12.6%, palm kernel pulp l4.2%, rice bran 5.6%, premixed 0.15% and molasses 2%. Guinea grass (Panicum maximum) was used for isolation and identifi cation of microorganisms from silage. Treatments were used as TMR treated with lactic acid bacteria as follows: Treatment 1 – non treated; Treatment 2 – TMR treated with Lactobacillus pantarum; Treatment 3–TMR treated with Pediococcus pentosaceus; Treatment 4–TMR treated with Pediococcus acidilactici; Treatment 5 – TMR treated with L. pantarum + P. pentosaceus + P. acidilactici. The treated TMR were mixed and put in polyethylene bags and stored at ambient temperature for 7 days before analysis. The in vitro digestibility test used pepsin cellulase in vitro digestibility method. The results showed that there were signifi cant differences (P < 0.01) of the nutritive value of TMR by proximate analysis and fiber analysis which treated lactic acid bacteria. For the digestibility, results showed that the TMR treated with LAB using pepsin cellulase in vitro digestibility which applied LP, PP, PA and LPP could improve the digestibility of TMR, which signifi cantly increased in digestibility of TMR (P < 0.01). The rate of increase and decrease of digestibility and fi ber in TMR treated with LAB showed an increase in dry matter and a decrease in fi ber. Therefore, it was suggested that TMR treated with lactic acid bacteria of TMR may possible to develop as biological animal feed for ruminant.
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Improving the quality of sugarcane bagasse by urea and calcium hydroxide on gas production, degradability and rumen fermentation characteristics
(2017-12-01)
Gunun, N.
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Gunun, P.
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Wanapat, M.
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Cherdthong, A.
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Kang, S.
The objective of this study was to determine the influence of urea and whole soybean meal or calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)<inf>2</inf>] treatment on sugarcane bagasse nutritive values and in vitro fermentation. The experimental design was a completely randomized design (CRD) and the dietary treatments were sugarcane bagasse treated with urea (0, 20, 40g/kg) and whole soybean meal or Ca(OH)<inf>2</inf> (0, 25, 50g/kg). It was found that the protein content of sugarcane bagasse was significantly increased by whole soybean meal and urea treatment, and the values ranged from 65-71 g/kg DM. On the other hand, treatment of Ca(OH)<inf>2</inf> 50 g/kg with urea 40 g/kg could reduce (p<0.05) fiber content of sugarcane bagasse and the values were 533, 514 and 104 g/kg DM for NDF, ADF and ADL, respectively. Gas production from the insoluble fraction (b), potential extent of gas production (a+b) and cumulative gas production were significantly increased (p<0.05) in sugarcane bagasse treated with urea 40 g/kg and urea 40 g/kg + whole soybean meal 25 g/kg (55.3, 53.5 and 50.1 ml), respectively. Urea and Ca(OH)<inf>2</inf> treatment could increase DM and OM degradability, true digestibility and microbial mass of sugarcane bagasse(p<0.05). Furthermore, the concentration of C3, C2 and C2:C3 were improved by urea and whole soybean meal or Ca(OH)<inf>2</inf> treatment. In addition, methane production was decreased in sugarcane bagasse treated with urea 40 g/kg in the present study. Based on this experiment, it could be concluded that treatment of urea and Ca(OH)<inf>2</inf> was an alternative method to improve the nutritive value of sugarcane bagasse, gas production, digestibility and ruminal fermentation characteristics.
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