Soytong, Kasem

Preferred name

Soytong, Kasem

Alternative Name

Soytong, K.

kasem.so@kmitl.ac.th

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Cytotoxic and antibacterial depsidones from the endophytic fungus Chaetomium brasiliense isolated from Thai rice
(2022-01-01)
Promgool, Trinop
;
Kanokmedhakul, Kwanjai
;
Leewijit, Thianrat
;
Song, Jiaojiao
;
Soytong, Kasem
Four new depsidones, mollicellins V-Y (1-4), together with eight known depsidones (5-12) were isolated from the endophytic fungus, Chaetomium brasiliense, detached from stems of Thai rice. Their structures were determined by extensive spectroscopic methods. Mollicellins X, H, and F (3, 8 and 10) showed potent cytotoxicity against the human oral epidermoid carcinoma (KB) cell line, and mollicellin F (10) also showed a potent cytotoxicity against the human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell line. Besides, mollicellin B (11) exhibited cytotoxicity against the colorectal adenocarcinoma (HT-29) cell line. Moreover, most of the isolated depsidones displayed potent antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, Bacillus cereus and Bacillus subtilis, and several of them showed moderate activity against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and clinical isolates of S. aureus. In addition, a few of them also showed moderate activity against a Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
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Evolutionary relationships of Heimioporus and Boletellus (Boletales), with an emphasis on Australian taxa including new species and new combinations in Aureoboletus, Hemileccinum and Xerocomus
(2015-01-01)
Halling, Roy E.
;
Fechner, Nigel
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Nuhn, Mitchell
;
Osmundson, Todd
;
Soytong, Kasem
Boletellus and Heimioporus, two genera of Boletaceae with ornamented basidiospores, are shown to be distinct genera on the basis of phylogenetic analyses of nuclear ribosomal large-subunit and translation elongation-factor 1α DNA sequences. Comparison of spore ornamentation type-longitudinally ribbed in Boletellus v. punctate, alveolate-reticulate in Heimioporus-are further evidence for distinction. Analyses of multiple accessions from the Americas, Asia and Australia support the monophyly of Heimioporus and a 'core Boletellus' clade, containing the type species, B. ananas (M.A.Curt.) Murrill, and approximately seven additional species. Tests of alternative phylogenetic topologies could not reject monophyly of a more inclusive group containing the core Boletellus clade and six other species. Heimioporus australis Fechner & Halling, H. cooloolae Fechner & Halling, Boletellus deceptivus Halling & Fechner, B. reminiscens Halling & Fechner and B. sinapipes Fechner, K.Syme, R.Rob. & Halling are described as new species. Phylogenetic analyses also support the following new combinations: Aureoboletus projectellus (Murrill) Halling, A. mirabilis (Murrill) Halling, Hemileccinum subglabripes (Peck) Halling and the new name, Xerocomus tenax Nuhn & Halling.
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Biosurfactant from Streptomyces zaomyceticus HUS20 isolated from the Indian Himalayan Region (IHR) and its antibacterial activity
(2025-07-01)
Kishorekumar, A.
;
Radhakrishnan, M.
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Manigundan, K.
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Ranjani, S.
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Thenmozhli, G. S.
Actinobacteria, which are known to synthesize bioactive molecules with significant industrial and medicinal applications. In order to assess the possibility for producing biosurfactant (BS), this study identified culturable actinobacteria from the high-altitude soils of Drama Valley, Dugtu Village in the Indian Himalayan Region (IHR). Actinobacteria were isolated from pre-treated soil samples using nutrient agar, starch casein nitrate agar, and actinomycetes isolation agar, which were enhanced with 1% crude oil. Using the haemolytic assay, oil displacement test, emulsification activity, drop collapse assay, and penetration assay, morphologically different colonies were proved for the production of BS. In this study, a promising biosurfactant-producing strain, strain HUS20 showed considerable emulsification index (65%) and a 30 mm zone in the oil displacement test. Using 16S rRNA sequencing, the strain HUS20 was shown to be 100% identical to Streptomyces zaomyceticus (GenBank accession: OQ996835.1). in HR LC MS analysis, the crude biosurfactant extract showed the presence of more than 164 metabolites. Additionally, the crude biosurfactant demonstrated strong antibacterial action against foodborne pathogens, with Bacillus cereus showing the greatest suppression (24 mm zone at 100 mg/ml). The potential of actinobacteria from harsh Himalayan habitats as a useful resource for the synthesis of biosurfactants is highlighted by this work. Streptomyces zaomyceticus HUS20 is found to be promising strain for isolation of potential biosurfactant molecule.
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Effective of Neosartorya and Talaromyces to control Alternaria brassicicola causing leaf spot of kale
(2018-12-01)
Punyanobpharat, A.
;
Soytong, K.
;
Poeaim, S.
The antagonistic potential of Neosartorya and Talaromyces proved to control leaf spot of kale caused by Alternaria brassicicola. Leaf spot symptoms were collected from Nakornpathom, Suphanburi, Ratchaburi and Nonthaburi provinces, isolated and identified the pthogen by morphological and molecular characterization. Four isolates were confirmed as A. brassicicola. The pathogenicity test was done by detached leaf bioassay and found that AbK-NP01 was the highest virulence pathogenic isolate. Dual culture technique was used to assay with eight species of antagonistic fungi (N. hiratsukae, N. pseudofischeri, N. aureola, N. spinosa, N. fennelliae, Neosartorya sp., T. trachyspermus and T. muroii) against A. brassicicola. The best effective of antagonist to control the tested pathogen was N. spinosa CHA09-A01.
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Effects of nanoparticles loaded with Chaetomium globosum KMITL-n0805 extracts against leaf spot of rice var. Sen pidoa
(2016-12-01)
Tann, Huyly
;
Soytong, Kasem
Nano-CGH, nano-CGE, and nano-CGM from Chaetomium globosum KMITL-N0805 expressed antifungal activity (ED<inf>50</inf> values of 1.21, 1.19, and 1.93ppm/mL, respectively) against Curvularia lunata, the causal agent of leaf spot disease of rice var. Sen Pidoa. It was demonstrated that these nanoparticles caused the disruption and distortion of the pathogen cells, leading to their loss of pathogenicity. Tests in a pot experiment showed that nano-CGH, nano-CGE, and nano-CGM could significantly control leaf spot of rice var. Sen Pidoa. Based on the disease severity index at 60 days after treatment, nano-CGH and nano-CGM resulted in higher disease reduction (61.54%) than nano-CGE (53.83%). From these findings, it can be concluded that nano-CGH, nano-CGE, and nano-CGM have the ability to decrease leaf spot disease of rice var. Sen Pidoa caused by C.lunata. Moreover, the research showed that all three types of nanoparticles significantly increased the height and number of tillers of the rice plant relative to the non-treated control.
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Microbial elicitors to induce immunity for plant disease control in chilli and tomato
(2014-03-01)
Soytong, Kasem
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Kanokmedhakul, Somdej
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Rattanacherdchai, Kanchalika
;
Charoenporn, Chamaiporn
The induced immunity in long cayenne pepper in terms of phytoalexin production using microbial elicitors as chaetoglobosin C from Chaetomium globosum, chaetomanone A from Chaetomium lucknowense, and trichotoxin A50 from Trichoderma harzianum PC01 was investigated in pot experiments. Stem inoculation of chilli plants with Colletotrichum capsici isolate C208 resulted in necrosis and accumulation of capsidiol, a phytoalexin. Stem inoculation of chilli plants resulted in different degrees of sensitivity to C. capsici, expressed as necrosis along the stems. The microbial elicitors chaetoglobosin C, chaetomanone A, and trichotoxin A50 induced an immunity response against C. capsici. Qualitative analysis of capsidiol accumulation in the upper part of the chilli plant was detected by thin-layer chromatography and showed that capsidiol had accumulated in the chilli plant at 5 and 10 days after treatment with the microbial elicitors, whereas no capsidiol was detected in the noninoculated and untreated plants. Chilli cultivation of long cayenne pepper in vivo was conducted by spraying chaetoglobosin C, chaetomanone A, and trichotoxin A50, and the findings were compared with cultivation using a chemical fungicide (difenoconazole). The results showed that application of each microbial elicitor reduced disease incidence by 42-55 % when compared with an inoculated control, whereas difenoconazole reduced disease incidence by 33 %. Additionally, the yield increased by 47-55 % when compared with the yield for the inoculated control. Chilli cultivation of long cayenne pepper in vivo using the biological fungicides Bio-CG from C. globosum N0802, Bio-CLT from C. lucknowense CLT, and Bio-T from T. harzianum PC01 resulted in reduction of disease incidence by 39-55 % when compared with the inoculated control, whereas difenoconazole reduced disease incidence by 33 %. Moreover, treatment with Bio-CG, Bio-CLT, and Bio-T increased the yield by 39-53 % when compared with yield for the inoculated control. Moreover, the bioactive compounds chaetoglobosin C, chaetomanone A, and trichotoxin A50 were used as microbial elicitors to elicit α-tomatine in tomato. α-Tomatine was detected by high-performance liquid chromatography after treatment with the bioactive compounds. Chaetoglobosin C, chaetomanone A, and trichotoxin A50 were sprayed onto inoculated tomato seedling variety Sida inoculated with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici NKSC01, and plant disease immunity and quantity of α-tomatine were assessed. The results revealed that plant disease immunity of tomato seedlings treated with chaetoglobosin C, chaetomanone A, and trichotoxin A50 at a concentration of 50 μg/ml after 10 days was 44.97, 35.18, and 39.43 %, respectively, whereas tomato seedlings treated with prochloraz that showed plant disease immunity of 29.95 %. The stems and leaves of tomato were extracted and spotted on thin-layer chromatography paper and produced a green spot with a retention factor of 0.23, the same as for a spot of standard α-tomatine. Tomato extracts were analyzed for α-tomatine by high-performance liquid chromatography. The α-tomatine quantification data were analyzed using a linear regression curve. Tomato treated with chaetoglobosin C, chaetomanone A, and trichotoxin A50 at 15 days expressed α-tomatine at levels of 207.87, 254.25, and 205.04 μg/g, levels which are significantly higher than those resulting from prochloraz and inoculation treatments, for which the quantities of α-tomatine were 131.56 and 77.46 μg/g, respectively. It is shown that the induction of α-tomatine by chaetoglobosin C, chaetomanone A, and trichotoxin A50 in tomato plants implies disease immunity against fusarium wilt of tomato variety Sida through phytoalexin production. The bioactive compounds were tested for their efficacies to control tomato wilt in vivo. The results revealed that all the bioactive compounds at concentrations of 10, 50, and 100 μg/ml could induce plant disease immunity in tomato between 53.80 and 65.15 %, which is significantly higher than the plant disease immunity induced by prochloraz, which was 26.73 %.
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Streptomyces sp. Mitigates Biotic and Abiotic Stress Responses and Stimulates Plant Development
(2026-01-01)
Haggag, Wafaa Mohamed
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Gopikrishnan, Venugopal
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Soytong, Kasem
The increasing need of the population for food in limited agricultural land makes it necessary to increase crop production in an environmentally friendly manner. Approximately 20–40% of economic losses in agriculture are attributed to plant pathogens, which include biotic stressors such as fungal and bacterial infections, pests, weeds, and other agents that cause a variety of crop disorders. Abiotic stressors, such as high temperatures, drought, metal poisoning, and soil salinity, are severe constraints on crop productivity. Despite their high effectiveness and ease of use, agrochemicals pose a threat to the environment. A microbial consortium exists in the root zone, and this consortium of microorganisms can resist the impacts of biotic and environmental stresses on plants, resulting in sustainable agricultural productivity. To achieve sustainable crop productivity, rhizosphere and plant periphyton engineering, the best technology for enhancing crop production, requires the identification of a variety of microorganisms with different potentials. Beneficial microorganisms known as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria reside close to plant roots and increase plant development. The gram-positive bacterium Streptomyces sp., often known as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, can increase plant development and resistance to adverse climatic conditions. Streptomyces sp. is renowned for its ability to produce a wide range of antimicrobials, as well as a large number of secondary and physiologically active metabolites. These metabolites are necessary for plants to withstand environmental stresses and can also function as biological pesticides by triggering plant defense mechanisms against pathogen invasion. Furthermore, they have a strong ability to increase plant development. To reduce the negative effects of biotic and environmental pressures, as well as climate change, this study proposes novel applications of beneficial Streptomyces and their active second-generation metabolites in agriculture.
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A new nanofibre derived from Trichoderma hamatum K01 to control durian rot caused by Phytophthora palmivora
(2023-01-01)
Phal, Pheaktra
;
Soytong, Kasem
;
Poeaim, Supattra
Phytophthora rot of durian var Monthong caused by Phytophthora palmivora has been proven to be a serious threat to durian plantations in Thailand. The research was targeted to isolate the causal pathogen and prove its pathogenicity by Koch’s postulate. Morphology and molecular phylogeny have confirmed the identification of pathogenic and antagonistic fungi. Evaluation of antagonistic fungus against plant pathogen in vitro and greenhouse conditions, morphology and molecular phylogenetic identification confirmed antagonistic species Trichoderma hamatum K01 and pathogenic isolate P. palmivora PYSC01. The crude metabolite of T. hamatum K01, namely TK01-MeOH gave the most substantial inhibitory effect to inhibit colony growth and sporangia formation at ED<inf>50</inf> (50% effective dose) values of 288 and 118 µg/mL, respectively. Moreover, nanofibre namely nano-TK01M exhibited the best antifungal activity in inhibiting colony growth and sporangia formation at ED<inf>50</inf> values of 11 and 3 µg/mL, respectively. Nano-TK01M treated on durian leaves induced the synthesis of scopoletin, which is known as a defense mechanism and marker of plant resistance or plant immunity. Moreover, the application of nano-TK01M significantly reduced disease incidence, the same as metalaxyl. Additionally, nano-TK01M treatment was the most effective in enhancing plant physiological parameters, including the synthesis of chlorophyll, carotenoid contents and promoted plant growth, compared to both metalaxyl and non-treated control. T. hamatum K01 produced antifungal metabolite pyrone 6-pentyl-2H-Pyran-2-one and sorbicillin. It is reported for the first time that pyrone and sorbicillin could be expressed as bioactive compounds in reduction of the disease incidence of durian rot caused by P. palmivora. The finding confirmed that nano-TK01M from T. hamatum K01 exhibited the most effective in controlling plant pathogen, which could be promoted as agricultural input for plant disease management, and it is also a nontoxic fungicide for living life and eco-friendly.
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Mushroom diversity in sustainable shade tea forest and the effect of fire damage
(2010-01-11)
Sysouphanthong, Phongeun
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Thongkantha, Sutheera
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Zhao, Ruilin
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Soytong, Kasem
;
Hyde, Kevin D.
A survey of the biodiversity of wild macrofungi, including edible species yields, was carried out from 1 May to 30 September 2007 at four different forest types (in mainly Miang tea forest). The plots 100 m<sup>2</sup>, comprised a tea garden with a few planted canopy tree species (37.2% canopy cover), a cultivated sustainable tea forest (80.2% canopy cover), an abandoned sustainable tea forest (89.8% canopy cover), and an abandoned sustainable tea forest that had suffered fire damage (72.9% canopy cover). All visible mushrooms were collected during weekly forays. Macro-characters of the fungi were annotated and photographed by digital camera and the fungi were identified to genera and morphospecies (e.g. Agaricus sp.1, Agaricus sp.2). The fresh weight of wild edible mushrooms produced in the plots was also recorded during this period. The biodiversity of macrofungi in abandoned sustainable tea forest was highest with 115 species in 47 genera, followed by cultivated sustainable tea forest with 85 species in 42 genera and fire damaged abandoned sustainable tea forest with 48 species in 25 genera, while only 19 species belonging to 15 genera were found in the tea garden. Twenty-one species belonging to nine genera with a total of 60.9 kg of edible fungi were collected throughout this study. The fresh weight of edible mushrooms was recorded with the highest fresh weight (25.3 kg) collected from the abandoned sustainable tea forest, followed by 18.2 kg in the cultivated sustainable tea forest, while in the fire damaged sustainable tea forest 16.4 kg were collected and only 1 kg was collected in the tea garden. Abandoned sustainable tea forest contained a greater shade tree biodiversity and higher canopy cover than other plots. This area has a generally higher humidity, a greater ground litter cover, a greater number of microhabitats, a greater number of trees that can form mycorrhizal associations and this probably accounts for the higher diversity of macrofungi and production of edible mushrooms. The fire damaged sustainable tea forest had lower mushroom diversity and edible mushroom production possibly due to the loss of litter and lower tree diversity. The tea garden supported a poor diversity of mushrooms and almost no edible mushrooms. Shade tea forest (Miang tea forest) is a good method to produce tea in a sustainable way as it maintains diversity of mushrooms and other organisms and could be developed as an alternative to shade coffee. © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2010.
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Cordyceps mrciensis sp. nov. from a spider in Thailand
(2006-07-01)
Ohnmar, Myo Aung
;
Ji, Chuan Kang
;
Zong, Qi Liang
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Soytong, Kasem
;
Hyde, Kevin David
A fungus associated with a spider collected from the Mushroom Research Centre, Chiang Mai, Thailand was found to represent a new species of the genus Cordyceps. It is described as C. mrciensis sp. nov. C. mrciensis differs from other species occurring on spiders in that the stromata have a fertile part with a distinctive sterile appendage, superficial perithecia and ascospores that do not break into secondary partspores.

Soytong, Kasem

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