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    Characterization of Fluoride-added Hydroxyapatite Derived from Eggshells for Dental Application
    (2023-01-01)
    Uthayaphamornwat, Vilasinee
    ;
    Khantachawana, Anak
    ;
    Kitiwan, Mettaya
    ;
    Srirussamee, Kasama
    ;
    Tunthawiroon, Phacharaphon
    Hydroxyapatite (HA) is one of the potential biomaterials used for treating dental defects. It can be incorporated with fluoride to enhance its anti-caries properties, though other properties could be dependent on processing technique. Hence, this study aims to characterize the influence of sintering on the properties of fluoride-added HA derived from eggshells. FTIR and XRD techniques are used to characterize the chemical and crystal structures of the samples, whilst dissolution test is carried out to characterize material degradation in the acidic environment. The results show that sintering increased the crystallinity in both HA and fluoride-add HA (F-HA) samples, which corresponds with the enhanced stability during the dissolution test. Moreover, it is also found that the addition of fluoride could further stabilize the material structure, though the impurities found in all the samples still need to be minimized. These findings suggest that sintering and fluoride addition could potentially enhance anti-caries properties of eggshell-derived HA, which could be beneficial for dental application in future subject to further process optimization and analysis.
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    Influence of fluoride on neuronal differentiation in dopaminergic differentiation SH-SY5Y cells
    (2022-01-01)
    Limboonreung, Tanapol
    ;
    Chansiri, Sirirat
    ;
    Tsao, Stephany
    ;
    Khwanraj, Kawinthra
    Fluoride is widely used in dentistry to prevent dental caries by increasing the fluoride content in saliva and aiding enamel remineralization. Excessive fluoride in the blood can cause adverse health effects such as fluorosis, which alter cerebral function. The influence of fluoride on dopaminergic neurons however, remains largely unclear. The present study examined the effect of sodium fluoride toxicity on dopaminergic neurons in retinoic acid-induced differentiation in SH-SY5Y cells. Cell viability was reduced by fluoride in both time- and concentration-dependent manners. Moreover, immunoblot analysis showed that fluoride decreased neuronal marker microtubule-associated protein-2 expression and levels of tyrosine hydroxylase, a rate-determining step enzyme in dopamine synthesis, even at a nonlethal dose. These results suggest that fluorosis may adversely affect dopaminergic neurons and may have harmful effects in individuals with degenerative dopaminergic neuron conditions, such as Parkinson's disease.
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    The Addition of Fluoride to the Eggshell-derived Hydroxyapatite: A Preliminary Study
    (2021-01-01)
    Uthayaphamornwat, Vilasinee
    ;
    Suksap, Arissara
    ;
    Khantachawana, Anak
    ;
    Kitiwan, Mettaya
    ;
    Srirussamee, Kasama
    Dental caries are one of the major oral health problems, which could be mitigated by addressing the dental defects. Hydroxyapatite (HA) is commonly used for tooth and bone replacement due toits similar properties as the native hard tissues. Natural sources with abundant availability, such as eggshells, could be used to synthesize HA. Moreover, with the presence of fluorine in HA, it was suggested that the performance of this material could be enhanced in terms of material stability and anti-caries properties. This preliminary study aims to compare two methods used to produce fluoride-added HA from eggshells, which are pH cycling and wet precipitation methods. The molecular structure, crystal structure, particle appearance and chemical compositions of the obtained samples were characterized. The results suggested that pH cycling has provided samples with higher fluorine content, more crystalline structure and less CO3than those obtained from wet precipitation method. Therefore, pH cycling method appears to be more suitable for further processing and characterization of the fluoride-added HA samples derived from eggshells.