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Effect of ethyl methanesulfonate on growth and morphology of Doritis pulcherrima Lindl.
(2026-01-01)
Supreeworakij, S.
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Saetiew, K.
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Montri, N.
Results showed that 0.5 mg/l BA and 1 mg/l NAA promoted the greatest seedling growth, with increased leaf number, leaf length, plant height, and root development. In the third experiment, protocorm-like bodies were treated with EMS at 0, 0.5, and 1.0% for 60 or 90 minutes. Survival declined with increasing concentration and time, with LD₅₀ values of 0.82% at 60 minutes and 0.54% at 90 minutes. Chlorophyll a, Chlorophyll b, and carotenoids were not significantly affected, but stomatal size changed. Stomatal width and length increased under 1.0% EMS, while density decreased from 220.17 to 149.47 stomata/mm². EMS treatment for 90 minutes showed an increased density relative to 60 min. RAPD analysis using 10 primers revealed high polymorphism indicating EMS induced genetic variation. Cluster analysis divided 22 samples into 9 groups at a similarity coefficient of 0.89, confirming genetic diversity despite no visible morphological changes.
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Induced mutation of curcuma hybrid cv. sweetmemory through tissue culture by ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS)
(2025-01-01)
Yoosumran, V.
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Saetiew, K.
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Ruamrungsri, S.
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Akarapisarn, A.
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Teerarak, M.
The ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS) is induced mutation in Curcuma hybrid cv. sweetmemory. The shoot size 1 cm were cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) supplemented with 2 mg/l BA for plantlet induction. After 8 weeks of culture, it was observed that the shoots soaked in 0% EMS at 60 and 120 minutes survived 100%. In additions it was found the highest percentage of shoot emergence, number of shoots, and plant height. While plants treated with EMS solution had decreased survival and growth rates. Thereafter, existing plantlets were potted, and growth was observed. It turned out that the plants none receiving EMS solution (control) had the survival rate and growth rate were better than those of the plants receiving EMS solution. Results showed that control plants receiving 0% EMS at 60 minutes gave highest content of chlorophyll a as 4.06 µg/cm2, chlorophyll b of 2.08 µg/cm2 and carotenoid of 3.09 µg/cm2 but there was none statistical difference with the plants that received EMS solution. The control plants had larger stomata sizes than those that received the EMS solution. However, there was no difference in the number of chloroplasts among treatments. The living plantlets from all treatments were tested Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker and genomic DNA was extracted from fresh leaves. A dendrogram was constructed polymorphic bands using the NTSYSpc program (version 2.10p) showing 2 clusters which separated with similarity coefficients ranging from 0.74-1.00.
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Effects of organic compound and plant growth regulators on seed germination and growth of Doritis pulcherrima Lindl. in vitro
(2024-09-01)
Supreeworakij, S.
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Saetiew, K.
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Rungkitwattananukul, T.
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Phanchompoo, P.
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Montri, N.
Doritis pulcherrima Lindl. is one of the wild orchids of which the distribution has decreased in nature and endangered. In vitro seed culture by using plant tissue culture is a proper method to help increasing the numbers. The purpose of this research was to study the effect of organic compound and plant growth regulators on seed germination and growth of D. pulcherrima in vitro. Seeds were cultured on Vacin and Went (VW) basal medium. Experiments were performed in a 5×7 factorial in completely randomized design (factorial in CRD) 2 factors; Factor 1 capsule of D. pulcherrima with 5 treatments such as Pi102/1, Pi102/2, Pi119/1, Pi119/2 and Pu112. Factor 2 organic compound with 7 treatments such as no organic compound (control), 50, 100 g L-1 raw namwa banana powder, 50, 100 g L-1 cavendish banana homogenate, 50, 100 g L-1 potato homogenate. After 13 weeks of culture, there were only 3 capsules growth seed germination (Pi119/2, Pi102/2 and Pu112/1) and the highest percentage of seed germination was Pi119/2 on VW medium supplemented with 50, 100 g L-1 banana powder and 50 g L-1 potato homogenate gave the highest germination percentage at level 4 (75-100%). From the results, organic compound is a suitable culture supplement for D. pulcherrima seed germination and development compared to no organic compound. In addition, the effect of plant growth regulators on growth and development of D. pulcherrima protocorm were cultured on VW medium supplemented with different concentrations of control, 1, 2 and 3 mg L-1 BA and 0.01, 0.02 and 0.03 mg L-1TDZ. The result showed the control gave the highest number of leaves at 6.50, the number of protocorm at 3.67 and fresh weight of protocorm at 0.42 g. The protocorm and plantlet were induced after 10 of culture.
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Induction of calluses from petal of three chrysanthemum cultivars in vitro
(2024-09-01)
Boonprasop, S.
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Saetiew, K.
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Teeralak, M.
Propagation and breeding of chrysanthemum can be done via petal tissue culture technique. Since it has been well known that plant growth regulator has a rather wide range of physiological effects on diverse plant genetic resources, such effects were thus determined in petal induced callus of three chrysanthemum cultivars, i.e., ‘Pingpong Golden’, ‘Scarlet’ and ‘Karaked’. Chrysanthemum petals were detached from the plants of the three cultivars as mentioned then cultured on MS medium containing different formulas of plant growth regulators, i.e., 2 mg L-1 BA + 0.5 mg L-1 NAA; 2 mg L-1 BA + 1 mg L-1 2,4-D; 1 mg L-1 BA + 1 mg L-1 2,4-D + 1 mg L-1 Kinetin and 2 mg L-1 NAA + 4 mg L-1 Kinetin, as treatment 1-4, respectively. The cultures were put under white LED light (PPFD 40 µmol m-2 s-1) 16 h day-1 at 25±3°C for 12 weeks. The results showed that ‘Karaked’ exhibited the shortest callus induction period of 6-12 days and the highest fresh weight of callus growth (2.03-0.05 g) when cultured on MS medium supplemented with 1 mg L-1 BA + 1 mg L-1 2,4-D + 1 mg L-1 Kinetin. The callus ‘Scarlet’ performed highest chlorophyll content (chl a 98.59 mg g-1 FW, chl b 44.72 mg g-1 FW and carotenoid 24.26 mg g-1 FW) whereas compact callus with highest number of 4 shoots explant-1 were obtained in ‘Scarlet’ cultured on MS medium supplemented with 2 mg L-1 NAA + 4 mg L-1 Kinetin.
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Effect of paclobutrazol on growth retarding in potted chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflora)
(2024-03-01)
Piphatwatthanakul, P.
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Boonkamjat, T.
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Saetiew, K.
Paclobutrazol application was compared to the control. It showed a positive influence in reducing stem height, canopy width, internode length, node number, and flower size. Besides, methods of application were insignificantly found. As for the second experiment, decreased concentrations to 0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 ppm of paclobutrazol were tested, using the same manner of application as in the first experiment. It appeared that all concentrations of paclobutrazol decreased canopy width, stem length, internode length, and node number when compared with the control treatment, similar to results of the experiment 1. Nevertheless, it occurred in Prakaimat variety that both foliar spraying and soil drenching of paclobutrazol led to increasing chlorophyll content and carotenoid level. Meanwhile, Fiona chrysanthemum responded better to foliar spraying method than of soil drenching.
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Influence of plant growth regulators on shoot development of Chrysanthemums
(2024-01-01)
Boonkamjat, T.
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Saetiew, K.
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Teerarak, M.
Plant nodes were cultured on MS mediums supplemented with multiple concentrations of plant growth regulators. Sunny Snow produced the largest callus of 1.19×1.19 cm and obtained 93.33% of new shoots with 10 . 0 0 shoots per callus, and 0. 84 g callus fresh weight, when grew in MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/l BA + 0.1 mg/l IAA as compared to the control which no callus was produced. After 20 weeks of culturing, the second set showed that the control treatment of Sunny Snow gave the highest stem growth and the best canopy size of 9.00 and 5.60 cm respectively. Chompoo Phan gave the highest scores of chlorophyll content, i.e., chl a 652.14 µg/g FW, chl b 332.47 µg/g FW and carotenoid 165.92 µg/g FW. Besides, MDA appeared to be highest, 17.37 nmol/g FW when cultured on MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/l BA + 0.1 mg/l IAA.
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The effect of BA on inducing shoots of Philodendron erubescent 'Pink Princes' in vitro
(2023-11-01)
Chiewchan, N.
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Saetiew, K.
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Teerarak, M.
The study investigated the influence of plant growth regulator on the induction of direct shoots from node explants of Philodendron erubescens 'Pink Princes' in vitro condition. The result showed that the most of width, length, and height was observed in MS + BA 0.5 mg/l, measuring 3.40 cm × 3.22 cm × 1.96 cm and 1.74 g fresh weight. The highest number of shoots was consistently observed 60.44 shoots per nodal MDA content (1.91 nmol/g FW) and phenolic content (9.51 mg GAE/g FW) are lowest. The explant was cultured on MS medium performed highest chlorophyll content (chl A 213.96 μg/g FW, chl B 162.54 μg/ FW, total chlorophyll 304.64 μg/FW) and carotenoid content (2.61 μg/g FW) Moreover, they were the largest plant with green leaves when compared to another treatment.
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Lotus flower extract as a natural anti-browning agent for fresh romaine lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. longifolia)
(2023-11-01)
Pradabkun, N.
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Yeamsuriyotai, K.
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Teerarak, M.
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Saetiew, K.
The effect of lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.), butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea) and Siam tulip (Curcuma sessilis) aqueous extract on reduction of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD) in romaine lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. longifolia) were evaluated. Results showed that in vitro lotus flower aqueous extract exerted the highest reduction of PPO and POD activities on the romaine lettuce. The effectiveness of in vivo application of lotus flower aqueous extract to control browning cut stem ends of fresh romaine was examined. Romaine lettuce harvested as a whole plant and cut off at the stem. Cut stem ends of romaine lettuce were dipped in various concentrations of lotus flower extract for 5 min and packaged in polypropylene plastic bags. Weight loss, color, browning index as well as PPO and POD activities were evaluated during 12 days of storage at temperature of 10±2°C and relative humidity 50±5%. Cut stem ends dipped in 0.5% aqueous extract of lotus flower resulted in inhibition of browning of cut stem ends and decrease in PPO and POD activities. Thus, exogenous 0.5% aqueous lotus flower extract treatment could be a useful application to alleviate browning in cut stem ends of fresh romaine lettuce.
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Changes in the activity of enzymes associated with enzymatic browning and chemical composition during Musa sapientum Linn. 'Kluai Khai' banana fruit ripening
(2023-07-01)
Makboriboon, N.
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Teerarak, M.
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Saetiew, K.
The results showed that the initial firmness of banana fruit harvested at the raw stage was 7 N and decreased to less than 2 N at overripe and very ripe stages. The total soluble solids increased throughout the ripening period, whereas the titratable acidity maintained a high level during the ripening process. The banana peel stayed green during the raw stage, and the yellow color formed between the unripe stage to the overripe stage. The lightness of the banana peel increased from the raw stage to the ripe stage, decreased at the overripe stage, and then dropped sharply at the very ripe stage. This color change was linked to the browning incidence of the fruit peel and an increasing browning area and soluble browning pigment content. The PPO and POD showed a low activity at the raw stage and then increased with advancing ripening and maintained a significantly higher level than the raw fruit. The findings of this study exhibited that the ripening stages of the 'Kluai Khai' banana influence the firmness, peel color, and browning incidence of the fruit peel and the polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase activities.
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Characterization of floral bud and anther development with stages of microspore in chili pepper (Capsicum annuum)
(2023-01-01)
Jaingulueam, T.
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Suwor, P.
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Saetiew, K.
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Tsai, W. S.
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Techawongstien, S.
Anther culture can be used as a tool in breeding to shorten the time compared with the traditional method. Anther culture can produce double haploid plants quickly, hence saving cost and labor. The success of this technique depends on the use of microspores at optimum developmental stages. Therefore, the objective of this experiment was to determine the correlation between the day after flower formation (DAF), flower bud (FB) size, anther length, and microspore developmental stages in seven chili F1 hybrids. All parameters were observed at 0 to 10 DAF on three flowers per replication, three replications per cross. The study revealed a strong positive correlation between DAF and microspore developmental stages, with almost all crosses showing that 3 to 5 DAF correlated with the uninucleate stage. Moreover, a strong correlation was observed between petal/calyx ratio and the microspore developmental stages. However, we found overlapping stages of microspore in each stage and different cultivars showed a difference in FB size, anther length, and characteristics of anthers. Thus, for chili pepper, DAF could be used to effectively predict microspore development.

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