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Start date: 2020Subject: search.filters.subject.Bioactivity

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    Influence of leaf type, genotype, and location on bioactivities and assessment of genetic diversity in teak (Tectona grandis L. f.)
    (2026-03-01)
    Poeaim, S.
    ;
    Phonmakham, J.
    Marked variation in biological activities was observed among teak (Tectona grandis L. f.) leaf extracts as influenced by leaf type, tree genotype, and planting location. Fresh leaves generally exhibited stronger antibacterial activity than fallen leaves, with significant differences detected among plus trees originating from Chiang Mai, Phrae, Sukhothai, Lampang, and Khon Kaen and grown at the Thongphaphum and Phitsanulok Silviculture Research Stations. Among all samples, the Phrae plus tree cultivated at Thongphaphum showed the highest antibacterial inhibition against the tested microorganisms. Methanol extracts demonstrated antibacterial, anti-tyrosinase, and anti-inflammatory activities, while sequential extraction of Phrae plus tree leaves using hexane and dichloromethane yielded fractions with potent antibacterial effects, indicating promising potential for the development of new antibacterial agents. Genetic analysis based on sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers revealed similarity coefficients ranging from 0.67 to 1.00, reflecting low to moderate genetic diversity among the studied germplasm, with some samples exhibiting nearly identical genetic profiles. Overall, the observed variation in biological activities was closely associated with both genetic background and environmental conditions, providing valuable information for teak germplasm selection and the utilization of leaf-derived bioactive compounds in product development.
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    Development of djenkol peel extract-loaded liposome as functional food ingredients: Physicochemical characteristic, antioxidant activities, and cytotoxicity
    (2025-06-01)
    Chotphruethipong, Lalita
    ;
    Sinthusamran, Sirima
    ;
    Benjakul, Soottawat
    ;
    Senphan, Theeraphol
    ;
    Nalinanon, Sitthipong
    Djenkol peel is an agricultural by-product containing valuable bioactive compounds. The direct use of its extract faces challenges related to stability and sensory acceptance. This study aimed to investigate the effect of djenkol peel extract (DPE) on the encapsulation efficiency (EE) using liposomes. The physicochemical properties, antioxidant activities, and cytotoxicity of the obtained liposomes were evaluated. DPE (0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.00 %, w/v) was encapsulated using phospholipid/cholesterol as the wall material. The highest EE (66.69 %) was observed in the liposomes loaded with 0.25 % (w/v) DPE (LE-0.25DPE) (P < 0.05). All DPE-loaded liposomes displayed nanometer-scale particle sizes (78.94–135.60 nm) and negative zeta potentials (−52.60 to −57.50 mV). Encapsulation of DPE in liposomes can mask its undesirable color. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) revealed changes in the physicochemical and thermal properties of LE-0.25DPE. Additionally, LE-0.25DPE showed increased DPPH radical-scavenging activity (DPPH-RSA) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) in a dose-dependent manner (250–2000 μg/mL). In vitro Caco-2 cell viability test, LE-0.25DPE at 0.1–1 μg/mL exhibited no cytotoxicity compared to the control (P < 0.05). Thus, DPE-loaded liposomes demonstrate potential as a functional food ingredient with high bioactivity.
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    Bioactivity of teak (Tectona grandis L.f.) and cajeput (Melaleuca cajuputi Powell) leaf extracted on inhibition fruit fungal pathogens
    (2023-09-01)
    Suwandee, S.
    ;
    Saelee, R.
    ;
    Koohakan, P.
    ;
    Montri, N.
    Results showed that cajeput oil at 10,000 ppm had the highest inhibitory effect on the mycelial growth of all tested fungi, with an inhibition rate of 92.5%. It was followed by cajeput crude extract at 20,000 ppm and teak crude extract at 25,000 ppm, with inhibition rates of 88.6% and 67.0%, respectively. Thus, cajeput oil and cajeput extract showed promising potential in controlling fruit fungal pathogens. Effective concentration (EC<inf>50</inf> and EC<inf>90</inf>) of each extract suggested that the lowest concentration to inhibit mycelial growth, spore germination and spore formation were in between 50-90%, which the concentration range between 100 to 30,000 ppm depending on the extracts and pathogen species. This finding could be useful in evaluating the appropriate concentration of each extract for controlling plant pathogenic fungi.