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Effect of hydrocyclone size on microplastics separation: a computational fluid dynamics investigation
(2026-01-01)
Thiemsakul, Dulyapat
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Kuang, Shibo
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Sukmas, Wiwittawin
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Bumrungthaichaichan, Eakarach
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Korkerd, Krittin
Microplastics pose a significant environmental threat, particularly to aquatic ecosystems. Removing microplastics from water is a critical challenge due to their small size and widespread presence. In this study, the separation of polystyrene (PS) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) microplastics in hydrocyclones was investigated using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations. A three-dimensional Eulerian-Eulerian multiphase model was employed to simulate the separation process, with water, air, and microplastics. The model demonstrated good agreement results, confirming the reliability of the simulation results. Two factors affecting hydrocyclone performance were investigated. The base hydrocyclone model was scaled down using factors ranging from 1.0 to 0.2 to investigate how size reduction influenced separation efficiency. The results showed that smaller hydrocyclones enhanced recovery (PS: 5.88 to 7.64%; PET: 7.79 to 14.86%) due to stronger centrifugal forces, while higher inlet velocities improved recovery but increased the pressure drop from 49 to 59 kPa, indicating a clear trade-off between separation efficiency and energy consumption. This increase was attributed to the higher centrifugal forces generated in smaller hydrocyclones, which more effectively pushed particles toward the walls, enhancing separation based on density. In addition, higher inlet velocities improved microplastic recovery by amplifying the centrifugal forces within the hydrocyclone, but this came at the cost of increased pressure drop and energy losses due to intensified turbulence and friction.
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Evaluation of the Climate Influence on the Thermal Characteristics of Residential Buildings in Thailand
(2026-01-01)
Lertwanitrot, Praikanok
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Thongsuk, Surakit
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Jettanasen, Chaiyan
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Yoomak, Suntiti
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Ananwattanaporn, Santipont
An increasing population causes more energy demand, resulting in an increased rate of electricity production. Thus, increasing the electricity production rate wastes more fuel resources. These limited resources are depleted if not used properly. Therefore, energy conservation is an essential point that we should be aware of. In addition, weather and geography are significant factors that directly affect the energy consumption rate. Fundamentally, cold regions use more energy for heating, while tropical areas use more energy for air conditioning. Therefore, if the energy used for these fundamental needs can be saved, it will effectively reduce the overall rate of energy use. Consequently, environmental factors that affect energy consumption, such as wind flow direction, building orientation, and pressure, were observed. The observation was done by simulating in a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) program. At the same time, an energy-saving method is also proposed in this paper. The results showed that the proposed method can reduce the energy consumption rate, which is beneficial for the development of energy management systems in the future.
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Optimization of Degradable Polylactic Acid-Based Coating Materials for Sustainable Wire Manufacturing Injection Process Using Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis
(2025-06-01)
Nabudda, Kriengkrai
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Promjariyakoon, Rattanaporn
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Kitprathaung, Nustha
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Ritthong, Wirote
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Intasonti, Sontinan
This study investigates the impact of injection angle on polylactic acid (PLA) wire coating performance, focusing on flow dynamics, heat transfer, mass density, and pressure distribution. Three angles: 30°, 45°, and 60° were assessed for their effects on coating characteristics. At 30°, the flow is smooth with minimal turbulence, ensuring consistent deposition. The 60° angle increases velocity and material penetration but risks turbulence and uneven coating. The 45° angle optimally balances material mixing and flow stability. In terms of heat transfer, the 30° angle concentrates heat near the injection point, creating a steep thermal gradient, while the 60° angle disperses heat more broadly but with lower intensity. The 45° angle ensures uniform heat distribution, improving energy efficiency. Regarding mass density, the 30° angle favours localized deposition, ideal for concentrated applications, while the 60° angle promotes broader distribution with reduced concentration. The 45° angle optimises density uniformity and maintains structural integrity. Pressure distribution follows similar trends, with 30° and 60° angles causing uneven deposition, whereas the 45° angle ensures balanced pressure distribution. In conclusion, the 45° angle offers superior performance across all parameters, providing an optimal balance of efficiency, uniformity, and structural integrity, thus enhancing PLA wire coating quality for sustainable engineering applications.
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Optimal Design of Cooling Rooms for Mackerel Using Computational Fluid Dynamics
(2025-06-01)
Nabudda, Kriengkrai
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Suntivarakorn, Ratchaphon
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Artnaseaw, Apichart
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Ritthong, Wirote
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Poungthong, Pongthep
This study utilises computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations to investigate airflow and temperature distributions in cold storage environments equipped with various fan and duct configurations. It assesses the effectiveness of single and dual evaporator fans (mounted at both front and rear) and front-and rear-positioned air ducts in enhancing air circulation and thermal uniformity. Results indicate that single rear-mounted fans promote localised airflow but lead to thermal stratification and stagnant zones, while front-mounted fans struggle to circulate air effectively towards the rear. Rear-positioned ducts improve air distribution but require further optimisation to address residual stratification. Dual rear-mounted evaporator fans deliver the most consistent cooling, minimising temperature variation and reducing compressor load, thus improving energy efficiency. Although dual front-mounted fans enhance circulation, they still exhibit thermal inconsistencies. The study also underscores the importance of measuring fan outlet velocity to ensure stable environmental conditions. Overall, the findings emphasise the necessity of optimised airflow strategies, appropriate fan placement, and ongoing system monitoring to achieve uniform cooling and preserve the quality of temperature-sensitive products in cold storage applications.
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Heat transfer enhancement and investigation on Stirling engine heater with biomass application
(2021-09-15)
Tuntrakeun, Punsa
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Kansuwan, Panya
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Kwankaomeng, Sutapat
This research presents a heat transfer enhancement technique on a Stirling engine heater equipped with a biomass fuel burner. ANSYS Fluent software was utilized in the computation of heat transfer, including heat flux and temperature distribution on the heater component of the engine. Effects of the increasing of the heating surface on heat transfer enhancement were investigated. Fin effectiveness resulting from the fin parameter variation of the heater, such as fin diameter and fin spacing, was evaluated for heat transfer under forced convection and heat conduction. This simulation results in the fin configuration most suitable for the fabrication of our Stirling engine heater.
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Study of air distribution in tray dryer using computational fluid dynamics
(2021-08-02)
Rakyat, Manop
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Yeunyongkul, Pracha
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Wuttikid, Korawat
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Promdan, Surapin
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Nuntapap, Nawee
The objective of this work is to investigate the air flow distribution in conventional tray dryer and modified dryer using computational fluid dynamics. Simplified model of drying chamber with assumptions was used for simulation. Grid independence study and model validation were performed with the model of conventional tray dryer. Relative error of models was acceptable for all simulations. The shape of front and rear walls of drying chamber was varied. The results showed that the reason of poor air distribution inside conventional tray dryer was improper installation of air baffle resulting in air flow obstruction. Flow pattern inside the modified drying chamber highly depends on the front wall, while effect of rear wall on flow was insignificant. The critical zones occur at the top of drying chamber for both conventional and modified tray dryers.
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A proper shape of the trailing edge modification to solve a housing damage problem in a gas turbine power plant
(2021-04-01)
Jansaengsuk, Thodsaphon
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Kaewbumrung, Mongkol
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Busayaporn, Wutthikrai
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Thongsri, Jatuporn
To solve the housing damage problem of a fractured compressor blade (CB) caused by an impact on the inner casing of a gas turbine in the seventh stage (from 15 stages), modifications of the trailing edge (TE) of the CB have been proposed, namely 6.5 mm curved cutting and a combination of 4 mm straight cutting with 6.5 mm curved cutting. The simulation results of the modifications in both aerodynamics variables C<inf>l</inf> and C<inf>d</inf> and the pressure ratio, including structural dynamics such as a normalized power spectrum, frequency, total deformation, equivalent stress, and the safety factor, found that 6.5 mm curved cutting could deliver the aerodynamics and structural dynamics similar to the original CB. This result also overcomes the previous work that proposed 5.0 mm straight cutting. This work also indicates that the operation of a CB gives uneven pressure and temperature, which get higher in the TE area. The slightly modified CB can present the difference in the properties of both the aerodynamics and the structural dynamics. Therefore, any modifications of the TE should be investigated for both properties simultaneously. Finally, the results from this work can be very useful information for the modification of the CB in the housing damage problem of the other rotating types of machinery in a gas turbine power plant.
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Parametric study on drag reduction with the combination of the upstream energy deposition and the opposing jet configuration in supersonic flows
(2020-06-01)
Ju, Shengjun
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Sun, Zhenxu
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Yang, Guowei
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Prapamonthon, Prasert
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Zhang, Junyuan
The drag reduction characteristics play an important role in the supersonic vehicle design phase. According to two drag reduction schemes, the opposing jet and the upstream energy deposition have aroused the widespread interest of researchers. In the current study, the drag reduction effectiveness of a blunt body with the combination of the upstream energy deposition and the opposing jet configuration in supersonic flows is investigated numerically. The three-dimensional coupled implicit compressible Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations coupled with the Menter's shear stress transport (SST) turbulence model are applied to numerically predict flow fields of the blunt body, the variance analysis method is introduced to a parametric study on the drag reduction. Results indicate that a larger overall drag is decreased by the combinational configuration than the single strategies of the opposing jet and the energy deposition. The proposal of the combination of the upstream energy deposition and the opposing jet configuration can be used as an effective method of drag reduction. Meanwhile, due to the existence of the upstream energy deposition, the stability and penetrability of the opposing jet substantially increase, especially for the long penetration mode. Further, some recommendations are provided for the drag reduction factor and drag reduction effectiveness.
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A novel ultrasonic cleaning tank developed by harmonic response analysis and computational fluid dynamics
(2020-03-01)
Tangsopa, Worapol
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Thongsri, Jatuporn
The manufacturer of an ultrasonic cleaning tank (UCT) received advise from a customer to seek the cause to why the UCT could not clean their products effectively and develop a novel UCT to replace the conventional model. This UCT had a capacity of 10 L, a frequency of 28 kHz, four horn transducers, and a total power of 200 W. To resolve that problem and respond to customers’ needs, we presented new methods to develop the UCT using the harmonic response analysis (HRA) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to simulate the cleaning process which occurred within the UCT based on the actual conditions. Results from the HRA showed that the acoustic pressure in a problematic UCT was low, resulting in a smaller cleaning area, which was consistent with the results from the foil corrosion test, and thus caused the cleaning process to be ineffective. We developed a novel UCT with improved effectiveness by adjusting the design and adding a water circulation system. From the HRA, we were able to design the dimensions of the UTC and position of the transducer to be suitable to increase the acoustic pressure and cleaning area. CFD results enabled us to design proper inlet and outlet shapes, as well as simulate the water flow behavior to find the optimal cleaning condition so the novel UCT had a water circulation system that could eliminate the excess particles.
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Numerical investigation on the performance of suction head in a cleaning process of hard disk drive factory
(2020-02-28)
Khongsin, Jirawat
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Thongsri, Jatuporn
The suction head is a component positioned at the vacuum cleaner’s tip and used to control airflow to eliminate small particles, thus preventing contamination from occurring during the cleaning process at a hard disk drive (HDD) manufacturing factory. At the factory, 2 suction head types (bowl and straight) were used in the cleaning process. From an actual usage, the operators questioned the operating condi-tion’s performance and suitability. In order to seek an answer to the questions, the researchers used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to simulate airflow and particle trace using the ANSYS Fluent software, the factory’s actual conditions, and a suction distance ranging between 2.5–15 mm. CFD simulation results showed that the bowl type suction head performed better compared to the straight type in every suction range under the exact same operating conditions. Both suction heads performed well at a 5 mm distance between the suction head and cleaning area. Suction performance decreased when the head was positioned closer or farther than the mentioned distance. Apart from applying all results from this research to increase cleaning efficiency in the actual factory, the findings could also be used as basic information for designing new suction head models with higher efficiency than the original model.

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