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Thermochromic phase change beads based on phenolphthalein/ octadecylamine/ decanol for low-temperature indication and thermal buffering in cold chain logistics
(2025-07-01)
Thanaritthimanomai, Aunchisa
;
Monvisade, Pathavuth
This study presents the development of thermochromic phase change beads (TC-BPA) designed for low-temperature applications (0–5 °C) in cold chain logistics. The beads were fabricated by encapsulating a ternary system—comprising phenolphthalein (PHP) as the color former, octadecylamine (ODA) as the developer, and decanol (10OH) as the solvent—within an alginate shell using a simple extrusion-dripping technique. Optimization of the component ratios yielded uniformly spherical beads (1.82–2.20 mm diameter) with rapid and reversible color transitions. Notably, the optimal formulation (TC-BPA10) shifted from purple to pale pink within 10 s (ΔE = 61.46 ± 1.27) and turned completely white within 60 s (ΔE = 82.66 ± 0.77) at 25 °C. Differential scanning calorimetry revealed a melting temperature of 4.9 °C and a latent heat of 200.05 J/g, with only a slight decrease after 100 thermal cycles. Additionally, TC-BPA10 maintained a stable temperature range (–2.2 °C to 2.9 °C) for approximately 28 min, demonstrating effective thermal buffering. These properties suggest that TC-BPA10 is a promising candidate for integrated temperature monitoring and energy storage in smart refrigerated packaging in cold chain logistics.
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Bioactive alginate/carrageenan/calcium silicate porous scaffolds for bone tissue engineering
(2021-03-01)
Sathain, Ammara
;
Monvisade, Pathavuth
;
Siriphannon, Punnama
Porous bioactive alginate/carrageenan/calcium silicate scaffolds for bone tissue engineering were fabricated. The scaffolds were prepared by dispersing the synthesized calcium silicate in an aqueous solution of alginate and carrageenan at 90 °C. The scaffolds were shaped by freeze-drying and further crosslinked by 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 M CaCl<inf>2</inf> for 60 and 120 min. The scaffolds crosslinked by 1.5 M CaCl<inf>2</inf> for 120 min achieved the highest in vitro dimension stability. The formation of hydroxyapatite crystals was observed on the scaffolds surface after soaking in simulated body fluid (SBF) at 37 °C for 7–28 days, indicating in vitro bioactivity of the scaffolds. The presence of calcium silicate could enhance not only the bioactivity, but also the mechanical properties of the scaffolds comparable to the cancellous bone. Moreover, the dimension and mechanical properties of the wet scaffolds could recover to the original after four cycles of mechanical testing at 50 % strain. The scaffolds were nontoxic to human living cells, in which the in vitro drug release behavior of the scaffold using diclofenac as a model drug was suitable for the treatment of acute inflammation after surgery. Therefore, these scaffolds were considered to be the candidate materials for bone replacement.
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Novel magnetically interconnected micro/macroporous structure of monolithic porous carbon adsorbent derived from sodium alginate and wasted black liquor and its adsorption performance
(2021-01-01)
Onsri, Parichart
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Dechtrirat, Decha
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Nooeaid, Patcharakamon
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Eiad-Ua, Apiluck
;
Amornpitoksuk, Pongsaton
The novel and facile preparation of magnetically interconnected micro/macroporous structure of monolithic porous carbon adsorbent (MPCA) were designed and presented herein. The synthesis was achieved via conventional freeze-drying and pyrolysis processes. In this study, sodium alginate and wasted black liquor were employed as starting pre-cursors. Sodium alginate acts as a template of materials, whereas black liquor, the wasted product from the paper industry with plentiful of lignin content and alkaline solution, played an essential role in the reinforcement and activation of porosity for the resulting materials. Moreover, both the precursors were well dissolved in Fe3+ solution, providing a simple addition of a magnetic source in a one-pot synthesis. The interconnected micro/macroporous structures were generated through freeze-drying and, subsequently the pyrolysis process. The obtained cylindrical-shaped monolithic porous carbon adsorbent (MPCA-700) showed high mechanical stability, a high BET specific surface area (902 m2/g). Such aforementioned features were considered suitable to make the synthesized monolith as an adsorbent for the removal of heavy metal ions. The maximum adsorption capacity of MPCA-700 towards Pb2+ ions was 76.34 mg/g at pH 5. The adsorption studies illustrated that adsorption kinetics and isotherm perfectly fitted with the pseudo-second-order kinetics model and Langmuir isotherm, respectively. This work presents a promising pro-tocol to reduce the overall costs in the preparation of renewable adsorbents with good adsorption efficiency and regeneration.
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Improved biohydrogen production by immobilized cells of the green alga Tetraspora sp. CU2551 incubated under aerobic condition
(2020-10-01)
Maswanna, Thanaporn
;
Lindblad, Peter
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Maneeruttanarungroj, Cherdsak
The green alga Tetraspora sp. CU2551 was previously investigated and showed enhanced H<inf>2</inf> production under anaerobic (Ar purged) conditions by cells immobilized in a calcium alginate matrix (Maswanna et al., Biomass Bioenergy 111:88–95, 2018). Here, we report successful H<inf>2</inf> production in entrapped cells under aerobic conditions. The most favorable immobilization condition observed was 4% (w/v) final alginate concentration after gelation, 2.80- to 3.35-mm beads, and a biomass content of 0.125 mg DW mL−1 alginate. H<inf>2</inf> production increased when the immobilized cells were incubated in S-deprived media which could be repeated up to six times when using refreshed media. After six cycles, the H<inf>2</inf> production reached 12.8 ± 0.9 mL H<inf>2</inf> 25 mL−1 of medium, corresponding to a rate of 182 ± 20 nmol mg−1 DW h−1, which was significantly higher than previously observed for other microalgae. Thus, our results demonstrate a potential for photobiological H<inf>2</inf> production using immobilized Tetraspora sp. CU2551 cells, grown under ambient aerobic conditions.
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Enhanced hydrogen production by optimization of immobilized cells of the green alga Tetraspora sp. CU2551 grown under anaerobic condition
(2018-04-01)
Maswanna, Thanaporn
;
Phunpruch, Saranya
;
Lindblad, Peter
;
Maneeruttanarungroj, Cherdsak
The green alga Tetraspora sp. CU2551 has previously been identified and characterized as a photosynthetic microorganism with high potential for H<inf>2</inf> production. In the present study, cells of Tetraspora CU2551 were entrapped and immobilized in an alginate matrix with the aim to analyze the effect of cell stacking and a reduced exposure of O<inf>2</inf> to the cells. The results showed that the most favorable immobilization conditions were 4% (w/v) of final alginate concentration and a cell concentration of 0.125 mg cell dry wt/mL alginate with a bead diameter of 2.80–3.35 mm. The H<inf>2</inf> production yields increased when the immobilized cells were incubated in S-deprived medium and this could be repeated at least for 3 production times. Maximal total H<inf>2</inf> production reached 7.68 ± 0.88 mL H<inf>2</inf>/25 mL medium, corresponding to a rate of 1182.45 ± 24.40 nmol H<inf>2</inf>/h/mg DW. This production is about 6 times higher compared to by cells in suspension, 2–10 times higher when compared to by other green algae, and 10–50 times higher when comparing with cyanobacteria. Based on our observations, immobilized cells of Tetraspora CU2551 is considered a very promising biological system for significant photobiological H<inf>2</inf> production by a photosynthetic microorganism.

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