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Biodegradable antibacterial food packaging based on carboxymethyl cellulose from sugarcane bagasse/cassava starch/chitosan/gingerol extract stabilized silver nanoparticles (Gin-AgNPs) and vanillin as cross-linking agent
(2025-02-28)
Plaeyao, Kittiya
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Talodthaisong, Chanon
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Yingyuen, Worapol
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Kaewbundit, Ramet
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Tun, Wonn Shweyi Thet
The increasing issue of plastic waste necessitates improved solutions, and biodegradable food packaging is a promising alternative to traditional plastic. In this study, we prepared packaging films using cassava starch (CV), chitosan (CT) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), with glycerol as a plasticizer. However, these films require modifications to enhance their mechanical properties. Therefore, we modified the films by adding vanillin as the crosslinking agent and gingerol extract stabilized silver nanoparticles. The films were fabricated using the film-casting method and characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM, TGA, mechanical property test, biodegradability test, anti-bacterial test and food packaging evaluation test. Among these films, CT/CV/V/CMC/Gin-AgNPs1 exhibited superior mechanical properties and demonstrated excellent anti-bacterial property both for gram-positive (S. aureus) and gram-negative (E. coli) bacteria and biodegradability, losing over <inf>50%</inf> of its weight after 21 days of burial in soil and effectively preserved grapes at 4 °C for 21 days.
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Improvement of biohydrogen production from biomass using supercritical water gasification and CaO adsorption
(2024-04-01)
Panichkittikul, Nitsara
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Mariyappan, Vinitha
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Wu, Wei
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Patcharavorachot, Yaneeporn
Producing biohydrogen is a promising alternative to fossil fuels, sourced from renewable energy like wind, solar, and biomass, known for its eco-friendliness and minimal greenhouse gas emissions. This study focuses on the process design and simulation of producing biohydrogen from biomass (bagasse) gasification. New integration of the water gas shift reactor and CaO adsorption process is connected to biomass gasification with the steam/supercritical water agents for improving the hydrogen production process. Simulations show that steam gasification integrated with CaO adsorption (SG-CaO) is optimized at specific conditions, resulting in high-purity hydrogen at 99.95 %. Similarly, the supercritical water gasification integrated with CaO adsorption (SCWG-CaO) requires specific conditions, achieving exceptionally pure hydrogen at 99.99 %. In terms of energy analysis, SCWG-CaO outperforms SG-CaO, with higher hydrogen yield (14.16 % vs. 14.12 %) and greater energy efficiency (42.32 % vs. 40.26 %). It shows that the SCWG-CaO is a suitable and efficient approach for biohydrogen production, considering factors such as hydrogen purity, yield, and energy efficiency.
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Comparative techno-economic and energy analyses of integrated biorefinery processes of furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural from biomass residue
(2023-04-01)
Wiranarongkorn, K.
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Im-orb, K.
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Patcharavorachot, Y.
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Maréchal, F.
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Arpornwichanop, A.
For efficient feedstock and energy utilization, integrated biorefinery processes are applied to furfural production from bagasse to convert furfural residue into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF)—an important intermediate building block for the production of various biochemicals. Here, a techno-economic analysis of the integrated processes of furfural and HMF production combined with electricity generation under different scenarios was performed to identify the most suitable process design. Simulations revealed that using the whole bagasse in the biorefinery plant and recycling 50% waste from the HMF production to recover unreacted sugar (scenario 2) achieved the maximum furfural and HMF production with minimum CO<inf>2</inf> emission, compared with integrated processes without sugar recycling (scenario 1), with 80% (scenario 3) and 60% biomass (scenario 4) bypassed to the biorefinery, and with a standalone combined heat and power system (scenario 5). Moreover, heat integration improved the efficiency of biorefinery plant (scenario 2), with an energy recovery potential of 71%, leading to the maximum profit at 11% internal rate of return. However, the high operating cost associated with the requirement of solvents and catalysts for HMF production represents the largest cost distribution in the proposed integrated processes. Sensitivity analysis revealed that solvent cost was the most important parameter for economic benefit. In addition, improving technological efficiency in the pretreatment and HMF production phases can enhance product yield, thereby benefiting the profitability of this process.
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Effect of bagasse and coconut peat fillers on asphalt mixture workability
(2020-12-01)
Mongkol, Krit
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Chaturabong, Preeda
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Suwannaplai, Arnonporn
Workability is of importance during asphalt construction, which plays a role in increasing stability and other performances. Using different mineral fillers can result in different asphalt workability in the same mix design. While fillers can increase stability, viscosity with regards to asphalt mastic needs to be considered for working in the field. Nowadays, waste natural materials can allow agriculturists to get more income by recycling in many industries. In this study, the objective is to determine the effect of using bagasse and coconut peat as filler on mastic viscosity and the resistance to failure performances. Findings show that the viscosities of asphalt mastic with coconut peat and bagasse fillers are relatively similar to those with limestone filler for all temperatures at 20 percent filler content. Additionally, the stabilities and flows of asphalt mixtures mixed with waste natural fillers were close to those mixed with mineral fillers at equivalent temperatures. In conclusion, the mastic viscosity is vital for determining the workability of asphalt mixture. The waste natural fillers including bagasse and coconut peat give similar mastic viscosity to limestone filler and higher than granite filler, which shows less difference to performance results.
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Evaluation of using natural fillers to improve moisture damage resistance and the use of pull-off tensile test in determining moisture damage resistance in asphalt mixture
(2020-06-01)
Rachabut, Kroekphon
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Chaturabong, Preeda
Moisture is one of the critical failures affecting asphalt pavement. It has been recently found that moisture created by rainwater and undrained water deteriorate the bonding interface between asphalt mastic and aggregate. Using different mineral fillers can lead to different moisture resistance in the same mix design. Nowadays, waste natural materials allow agriculturists to receive more income by recycling in many industries. In this study, the researchers adopted bagasse and coconut peat grinding into very fine particle passing through the sieve number 200 (0.075 mm) to replace the mineral fillers. Although the indirect tensile strength (ITS) test is commonly used for evaluating the moisture damage resistance of hot-mix asphalt (HMA) in a laboratory, there are some shortcomings in using this test, such as costly, heavy and indirect equipment. Another potential test that is likely to be more advantageous than the ITS test for evaluating the moisture damage resistance is the pull-off tensile strength (POTS) test. However, it is typically measured on a concrete surface, and no results using an asphalt mixture have been reported. The objectives in this study were to investigate the effects of waste natural fillers in asphalt mixture on adhesive bonding caused by moisture, and to determine whether the POTS test is a potential method in measuring moisture damage resistance in a laboratory. Results showed that the tensile strength ratios (TSR) of asphalt mixture with bagasse and coconut peat fillers are approximately equivalent to those with mineral fillers. Results also showed that asphalt mixtures with bagasse and coconut peat fillers can effectively prevent the moisture damage resistance. In addition, with the preliminary result, it was found that the POTS test showed a very good R square (R2) for a relation of TSR with the ITS test. As a result, the POTS can be a valid tool of quantifying moisture damage resistance with better simulating to field behavior, lower cost of equipment, and light weight.
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Organosolv pretreatment transformation process of bagasse to porous carbon material
(2017-01-01)
Nantnarphirom, Pacharapan
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Kraithong, Wasawat
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Viriya-Empikul, Nawin
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Eiad-Ua, Apiluck
Porous carbon material was synthesized from sugarcane bagasse by 2 steps. Firstly, increase the surface area by treatment bagasse via using hot-compressed with mixture of ethanol/water in various concentrations (0-100%v). Secondly, transform the pretreated bagasse to porous carbon by carbonization under nitrogen at 900°C for 2 hours. The highest surface area was found at a pretreatment temperature 180°C with mixture of ethanol-water 25%v and specific surface area was 382 m2/g while raw bagasse without pretreated was 189 m2/g. Pretreated bagasse and porous carbon were analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) analysis and surface area measurement by N<inf>2</inf> adsorption (BET). The result was showed that organosolv pretreatment using ethanol mixed water can increase the surface area and porosity of bagasse.
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Synthesis of molybdenum disulfide support on carbon for upgrading bio-oil from jatropha residue
(2017-01-01)
Nakapan, Kantapat
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Chollacoop, Nuwong
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Viriya-Empikul, Nawin
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Eiad-Ua, Apiluck
Bio-oil or pyrolysis oil can be obtained from fast pyrolysis biomass has several unusual characteristic such as high acid and high oxygen content which cause bio oil not proper to use as a fuel. In this research MoS<inf>2</inf> support on carbon material was prepared for the upgrading bio oil via impregnation method on carbon support from biomass. Hydrothermal process which aims to convert biomass into value products. This process usually performed in water and produces the product, namely hydrochar. In this research, bagasse were executed by hydrothermal at 160 °C, 180 °C and 200 °C for 2, 4, 8 and 24 hours each to enhance the porosity of their products. High porosity is well-known desirably for enhancing efficiency of supporting agents since it can load more catalyst quantity. After finishing hydrothermal process, the reactor which carried bagasse was quenching in order to inhibit the reaction inside. Then, the hydrochar was impregnated by MoS<inf>2</inf> precursor and carbonized at 450 °C for 2 hours under nitrogen atmosphere to stabilize the metal phase and turned hydrochar into carbon support. MoS<inf>2</inf>/carbon was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, EDX, FTIR and pyrolyzer gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy.

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