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Physiological and Environmental Factors Influencing Hydrogen Production by Unicellular Green Alga Monoraphidium sp. KMITL-1
(2025-10-01)
Krutpan, Varanya
;
Supakriangkrai, Thaninthorn
;
Lohasupthawee, Pana
;
Phunpruch, Saranya
With the growing global energy demand and the urgent need to reduce carbon emissions, hydrogen (H<inf>2</inf>) has emerged as a promising clean energy carrier. Among various biological H<inf>2</inf> production, green algae present a sustainable and eco-friendly alternative due to their ability to produce H<inf>2</inf> via photobiological pathways. This study aimed to investigate H<inf>2</inf> production by unicellular green alga Monoraphidium sp. KMITL-1, isolated from hydroponic water at the Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang. The taxonomic identity of the strain, belonging to the genus Monoraphidium within the Selenastraceae family, was confirmed through morphological observation and molecular characterization using 23S plastid rRNA gene sequencing. Various physiological and environmental parameters influencing H<inf>2</inf> production were evaluated, including cell age, cell density, nutrient deprivation, carbon source, pH, temperature, and light intensity. A 24-hour-old culture with an OD<inf>750</inf> of 0.8 exhibited a significant increase in H<inf>2</inf> production. The optimal medium was potassium-deprived Tris-acetate-phosphate (TAP-K) supplemented with glucose at a concentration of 350 mmol C-atom L-1. The ideal environmental conditions for H<inf>₂</inf> production were pH 7.2, a temperature of 30 °C, and a light intensity of 60 μmol photons m-2 s-1. Under these optimized conditions, Monoraphidium sp. KMITL-1 achieved a maximum H<inf>2</inf> production rate of 67.976 ± 1.096 μmol H<inf>2</inf> mg Chl-1 h-1 and a cumulative H<inf>2</inf> yield of 3,190.436 ± 2.219 μmol H<inf>2</inf> mg Chl-1 after 72 h of incubation. These results highlight the potential of Monoraphidium sp. KMITL-1 for large-scale biohydrogen production and its applicability in the development of sustainable energy technologies.
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IN VITRO MICROPROPAGATION OF SIAMESE ROSEWOOD DALBERGIA COCHINCHINENSIS PIERRE, A TIMBER YIELDING TREE
(2022-01-01)
Potchara, Supapas
;
Parinyapong, Chareonsap Piyarat
;
Anurug, Poeaim
Dalbergia cochinchinensis, a woody legume, is a high-value timber-yielding tree that is important for both ecological and commercial purposes. To allow efficient In vitro micropropagation, we evaluated the efficiency of plant growth regulators (including kinetin, gibberellic acid, and thidiazuron), different basal media (¼ Murashige and Skoog medium (MS), ½ MS, 1 MS, 2 MS, ¼ woody plant medium (WPM), ½ WPM, 1 WPM, and 2 WPM), gelling agents (phytagel, crystal agar gel G180, food grade agar powder, and bacteriological grade agar powder), and carbon sources (sucrose and glucose) for shoot induction in D. cochinchinensis. Nodal segments, derived from the shoots of 1-year old trees, were surface sterilized and used. Shoots induced by gibberellic acid showed the highest shoot length (17.28 ± 0.20 mm) but were thin, pale green, and displayed shoot tip necrosis. However, shoots induced by kinetin were shorter (15.20 ± 0.41 mm) but were greener and more vigorous. The best conditions for improving shoot induction and elongation were 30 g/L sucrose and 2.6 g/L phytagel. In vitro microshoots were rooted on half-strength WPM augmented with 0.05 mg/L indoleacetic acid. After 1 month of culture, the highest number of roots per shootlet was 6.8 ± 0.58, with an average root length of 54.76 ± 5.22 mm. The plantlets were acclimatized in coconut husks with an 80% survival rate.
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Improvement of Plant Regeneration Frequency from Carbon Sources in Aromatic Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
(2018-09-01)
Chutipaijit, Sutee
;
Sutjaritvorakul, Thanawat
The objective of this research is to investigate carbon sources for optimum callus induction and plant regeneration frequencies. The effect of carbon sources on callus induction and plant regeneration from mature seeds of aromatic rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivar Khao Dawk Mali 105 (KDML105) was studied in this experiment. For callus induction, the different types of carbon sources along with 30 g L−1 of sucrose or maltose were evaluated. NSI and NMI medium were used for callus induction in three replicates (sucrose and maltose as carbon sources, respectively). The calli derived from NMI medium showed the higher percentage of callus induction, fresh weight, dry weights, callus size, green spots and regeneration frequency than calli derived from NSI medium. For plant regeneration, the 3-week-old calli were transferred to the regeneration medium which was different in carbon sources (NSR, NMR, NSMR0.5, NMMR0.5, NSMR1, NMMR1, NSMR1.5, NMMR1.5, NSMR2, NMMR2, NSMR2.5 and NMMR2.5 medium) and tested to investigate the effect of carbon sources in three replicates. The percentage of regeneration (60.71%) and the ratio of the number of seedlings to the number of regenerated calli (3.02) obtained from NMR medium showed the highest values. The percentage of callus induction and morphological performance (weight and size) were correlated with plant regeneration frequency. The results showed that using maltose as a carbon source gave a better result than using sucrose as a carbon source for callus induction and plant regeneration in aromatic rice cultivar KDML105. The regenerated plants were successfully rooted and well grown in greenhouse conditions.

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