Soytong, Kasem

Preferred name

Soytong, Kasem

Alternative Name

Soytong, K.

kasem.so@kmitl.ac.th

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Cytotoxic and antibacterial depsidones from the endophytic fungus Chaetomium brasiliense isolated from Thai rice
(2022-01-01)
Promgool, Trinop
;
Kanokmedhakul, Kwanjai
;
Leewijit, Thianrat
;
Song, Jiaojiao
;
Soytong, Kasem
Four new depsidones, mollicellins V-Y (1-4), together with eight known depsidones (5-12) were isolated from the endophytic fungus, Chaetomium brasiliense, detached from stems of Thai rice. Their structures were determined by extensive spectroscopic methods. Mollicellins X, H, and F (3, 8 and 10) showed potent cytotoxicity against the human oral epidermoid carcinoma (KB) cell line, and mollicellin F (10) also showed a potent cytotoxicity against the human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell line. Besides, mollicellin B (11) exhibited cytotoxicity against the colorectal adenocarcinoma (HT-29) cell line. Moreover, most of the isolated depsidones displayed potent antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, Bacillus cereus and Bacillus subtilis, and several of them showed moderate activity against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and clinical isolates of S. aureus. In addition, a few of them also showed moderate activity against a Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
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Chaetomium siamense sp. nov., a soil isolate from Thailand, produces a new chaetoviridin, G
(2011-01-01)
Pornsuriya, Chaninun
;
Soytong, Kasem
;
Poeaim, Supattar
;
Kanokmedhakul, Somdej
;
Khumkomkhet, Primmala
Chaetomium siamense sp. nov., isolated from soil in a pineapple plantation in Thailand, is described and illustrated. The new species is similar to C. cupreum in having superficial globose or ovate ascomata with red circinate ascomatal hairs but can be distinguished by its fusiform ascospores with two apical germ pores. Phylogenetic analysis of ITS rDNA sequence data also supports C. siamense as distinct. Investigation of the secondary metabolites of C. siamense led to the isolation of one new (chaetoviridin G) and seven known compounds (ergosterol, 24(R)-5á,8á-epidioxyergosta-6-22-diene- 3â-ol, ergosterylplamitate, cochliodone D, chaetoviridin A, chaetoviridin F, chrysophanol). © 2011. Mycotaxon, Ltd.
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Mycofungicides and fungal biofertilizers
(2009-09-01)
Kaewchai, S.
;
Soytong, K.
;
Hyde, K. D.
Mycofungicides and fungal biofertilizers have been promoted for agricultural use because of their ability to control plant diseases and their ability to increase crop production in an environmentally friendly manner. In recent years several mycofungicides have been patented and registered for plant disease control, while fungal biofertilizers have also been registered for application in crop production. Several effective mycofungicides and fungal biofertilizers have been formulated for commercial production. Formulation of mycofungicides includes wettable powders and granules; these being applied to seeds, seedlings and mature plants. Examples are Ketomium®, formulated from Chaetomium globosum and Ch. cupreum, Promote® formulated from Trichoderma harzianum and T. viride, SoilGard® formulated from Gliocladium virens, and Trichodex® from T. harzianum. Fungal biofertilizers include plant growth stimulating fungi e.g. Trichoderma, mycorrhizal fungi (ectomycorrhiza e.g. Pisolithus tinctonus and arbuscular mycorrhizae e.g. Glomus intraradices which form mutualistic associations with plants), enzymatic producing fungi for compost production and P-solubilizing fungi and K-solubilizing fungi. Fungal biofertilizers play an important role in promoting plant growth, health, productivity and improving soil fertility. Copyright © 2002 by Current Science Inc.
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Elucidation of high micro-heterogeneity of an acidic-neutral trichotoxin mixture from Trichoderma harzianum by electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry
(2000-01-01)
Suwan, Sathorn
;
Isobe, Minoru
;
Kanokmedhakul, Somdej
;
Lourit, Nuttaya
;
Kanokmedhakul, Kwanjai
The high micro-heterogeneity of an acidic-neutral trichotoxin mixture from T. harzianum, PC01, was elucidated using a modern tandem mass spectrometer equipped with an electrospray ionization source, a hybrid quadrupole-orthogonal accelerator and a reflectron time-of-flight analyzer. The trichotoxins appeared predominantly in six possible doubly charged pseudo molecular ions with three different adducts (H, Na and K) as [M + 2H]2+, [M + H + Na]2+, [M + H + K]2+, [M + 2Na]2+, [M + Na + K]2+ and [M + 2K]2+. The singly charged pseudomolecular ions, [M + H]+, [M + Na]+ and [M + K]+, occurred only in low abundance when the cone voltages were higher than 30 V. Additional singly charged fragments, b<inf>12</inf> and y′6 (complementary N- and C-terminal fragments), were obtained in high abundance using high cone voltages. The peak patterns of both singly and doubly charged molecular adducts revealed that this trichotoxin mixture contained several components having 6-7 molecular masses with a consecutive 14 u difference among members in the same molecular adduct series. Furthermore, well resolved isotopic peaks of every doubly or singly charged ions and their reproducible peak intensity allowed the identification of the mixing of acidic trichotoxins 1 u molecular mass heavier than the neutral counterparts in the sample. Tandem mass spectrometric (MS/MS) analyses of various singly charged b<inf>12</inf> and y′6 ions supported the sequence deduction of the major and minor components and also the position of Glu in the sequences of these acidic molecules. The setting of either low or high resolution of the quadrupole mass filter unit together with a suitable variation of the collision voltage for any MS/MS precursor were the tools for extracting a number of mixed components and obtaining the major and minor sequences of these precursor peaks. The nature of the MS/MS fragmentation and the data assignment of three major doubly charged ions, [M + 2H]2+, [M + K + H]2+ and [M + 2K]2+, are demonstrated. Eleven new sequences of both acidic and neutral trichotoxins are reported. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Antifungal activity of microbial nanoparticles derived from Chaetomium spp. against Magnaporthe oryzae causing rice blast
(2020-01-01)
Song, Jiao Jiao
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Soytong, Kasem
;
Kanokmedhakul, Somdej
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Kanokmedhakul, Kwanjai
;
Poeaim, Supattra
The Magnaporthe oryzae isolate PO2 was proven to cause rice blast var. PSL 2 in this study. Chaetomium elatum, Chaetomium lucknowense and Chaetomium brasiliense were antagonised to M. oryzae. The hexane extract of C. brasiliense gave the highest inhibition of the spore production with an ED<inf>50</inf> of 35 ppm, the EtOAC extract of C. lucknowense inhibited the spore production at 57 ppm and the EtOAC extracts of C. elatum inhibited the spore production at 106 ppm. The nano-CLM (C. lucknowense) inhibited the spore production at 5.24 ppm, the nano-CBH (C. brasiliense) inhibited the spore production at 6.86 ppm and the nano-CEE (C. elatum) inhibited the spore production at 7.89 ppm. The rice leaves treated with nano-CBH from C. brasiliense produced Sakuranertin and Oryzalexin B as seen on the thin layer chromatography where the Rf value was 0.08 assumed to be Sakuranertin, and the R<inf>f</inf> value of 0.28 supposed to be Oryzalexin B. It was found that the nanoparticles act as elicitors to induce immunity in rice plants through the production of phytoalexin.
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Evolutionary relationships of Heimioporus and Boletellus (Boletales), with an emphasis on Australian taxa including new species and new combinations in Aureoboletus, Hemileccinum and Xerocomus
(2015-01-01)
Halling, Roy E.
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Fechner, Nigel
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Nuhn, Mitchell
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Osmundson, Todd
;
Soytong, Kasem
Boletellus and Heimioporus, two genera of Boletaceae with ornamented basidiospores, are shown to be distinct genera on the basis of phylogenetic analyses of nuclear ribosomal large-subunit and translation elongation-factor 1α DNA sequences. Comparison of spore ornamentation type-longitudinally ribbed in Boletellus v. punctate, alveolate-reticulate in Heimioporus-are further evidence for distinction. Analyses of multiple accessions from the Americas, Asia and Australia support the monophyly of Heimioporus and a 'core Boletellus' clade, containing the type species, B. ananas (M.A.Curt.) Murrill, and approximately seven additional species. Tests of alternative phylogenetic topologies could not reject monophyly of a more inclusive group containing the core Boletellus clade and six other species. Heimioporus australis Fechner & Halling, H. cooloolae Fechner & Halling, Boletellus deceptivus Halling & Fechner, B. reminiscens Halling & Fechner and B. sinapipes Fechner, K.Syme, R.Rob. & Halling are described as new species. Phylogenetic analyses also support the following new combinations: Aureoboletus projectellus (Murrill) Halling, A. mirabilis (Murrill) Halling, Hemileccinum subglabripes (Peck) Halling and the new name, Xerocomus tenax Nuhn & Halling.
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A new entomopathogenic species, Hymenostilbe furcata, parasitic on a hemipteran nymph in northern Thailand
(2006-07-01)
Ohnmar, Myo Aung
;
Ji, Chuan Kang
;
Zong, Qi Liang
;
Soytong, Kasem
;
Hyde, Kevin David
Hymenostilbe furcata sp. nov., parasitic on a hemipteran nymph in a northern Thailand forest is described and illustrated. Its morphology is compared with that of other species with forked denticles.
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Antifungal activities of Chaetomium spp. Against fusarium wilt of tea
(2016-01-01)
Huu Phong, Nguyen
;
Pongnak, Wattanachai
;
Soytong, Kasem
An isolate of Fusarium denominated as NHP-Fusa-2 from tea wilt and root-rot diseased sample collected in Vietnam was identified as Fusarium oxysporum based on molecular analysis of translation elongation factor-1α sequence. Interestingly, it is the first time F. oxysporum is reported as a causal pathogen of wilt and root-rot disease of tea in Vietnam. Chaetomium spp. were investigated to control F. oxysporum NHP-Fusa-2 in in vitro test. Three antagonists (Ch. cupreum CC3003, Ch. globosum CG05, and Ch. lucknowense CL01) inhibited mycelial growth by 31.69–34.03% and reduced conidial production of the pathogen by 67.25–75.92% in the bi-culture antagonistic test after 30 days with non-significant difference in their effect. All the crude extracts of these antagonists significantly inhibited mycelial growth and conidial production of NHP-Fusa-2. MeOH extract of CC3003 was more effective in conidial inhibition of the pathogen than the others, the effective dose (ED<inf>50</inf>) was 85.30 μg/ml of which, it was hexane (49.32 μg/ml) and EtOAc extract (62.17 μg/ml) in the case of CG05 and CL01, respectively.
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Biosurfactant from Streptomyces zaomyceticus HUS20 isolated from the Indian Himalayan Region (IHR) and its antibacterial activity
(2025-07-01)
Kishorekumar, A.
;
Radhakrishnan, M.
;
Manigundan, K.
;
Ranjani, S.
;
Thenmozhli, G. S.
Actinobacteria, which are known to synthesize bioactive molecules with significant industrial and medicinal applications. In order to assess the possibility for producing biosurfactant (BS), this study identified culturable actinobacteria from the high-altitude soils of Drama Valley, Dugtu Village in the Indian Himalayan Region (IHR). Actinobacteria were isolated from pre-treated soil samples using nutrient agar, starch casein nitrate agar, and actinomycetes isolation agar, which were enhanced with 1% crude oil. Using the haemolytic assay, oil displacement test, emulsification activity, drop collapse assay, and penetration assay, morphologically different colonies were proved for the production of BS. In this study, a promising biosurfactant-producing strain, strain HUS20 showed considerable emulsification index (65%) and a 30 mm zone in the oil displacement test. Using 16S rRNA sequencing, the strain HUS20 was shown to be 100% identical to Streptomyces zaomyceticus (GenBank accession: OQ996835.1). in HR LC MS analysis, the crude biosurfactant extract showed the presence of more than 164 metabolites. Additionally, the crude biosurfactant demonstrated strong antibacterial action against foodborne pathogens, with Bacillus cereus showing the greatest suppression (24 mm zone at 100 mg/ml). The potential of actinobacteria from harsh Himalayan habitats as a useful resource for the synthesis of biosurfactants is highlighted by this work. Streptomyces zaomyceticus HUS20 is found to be promising strain for isolation of potential biosurfactant molecule.
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The effect of Penicillium notatum on plant growth
(2001-10-01)
Phuwiwat, Wirat
;
Soytong, Kasem
The effect of Penicillium notatum (KMITL 99) on the growth of Chinese mustard (Brassica campestris var. chinensis), Chinese radish (Raphanus sativus var. longipinnatus) and cucumber (Cucumis sativus) were investigated. Results showed that P. notatum (KMITL 99) isolated from rhizosphere soil gave higher plant yields of Chinese mustard than the non-treated ones. The Chinese mustard grown in sterilized planting medium mixed with P. notatum at a concentration of 16.59 × 106 spores/ml, resulted in the highest plant heights. Plant height, root length, root diameter, fresh and dry weights of the shoots, roots and total plant dry weights increased gradually as the inoculum of P. notatum (KMITL 99) applied increased. At the concentration of 27.66 × 106 spores/ml., the highest growth and yield of Chinese radish was significantly higher than that of non-treated plants. Penicillium notatum (KMITL 99), however, had no effect on the growth of cucumber plants.

Soytong, Kasem

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