Bunyaatichart, Kanokpon

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Bunya-Atichart, Kanokpon

Bunya-atichart, Kanokpon

Bunya-Atichart, K.

Bunya-Atichart, Kanokporn

Bunya-Athichart, Kanokpon

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KMITL Prince of Chumphon Campus

kanokpon.bu@kmitl.ac.th

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Effects of 1-Methylcyclopropene, Gibberellic Acid, and Aloe vera Coating on Lime Storage Life and Fruit Quality
(2023-01-01)
Lerslerwong, Ladawan
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Buapuean, Chompoonut
;
Rugkong, Adirek
;
Bunya-Atichart, Kanokporn
Limes (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) have a short postharvest life. Therefore, effective treatments increasing storage life to lengthen the time that produce remains fresh is desirable. This study evaluated the effects of postharvest treatments of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), gibberellic acid (GA<inf>3</inf>), and Aloe vera on lime storage life and fruit quality. The optimum individual treatments of 50% Aloe vera coating, 300 mL·L<sup>−1</sup> GA<inf>3</inf>, and 750 nL·L<sup>−1</sup> 1-MCP were identified as most effective in extending lime postharvest life. Under ambient conditions (26.4 ± 1.0°C, 64.4 ± 7.4% RH), 1-MCP fumigation was the best treatment, increasing lime postharvest life to 28.2 days. The 1-MCP-treated fruit had a higher juice content than the control fruit. Also, soluble solid contents and titratable acidity were not significantly different, while ascorbic acid was lower than the control. Under cold room conditions (10.0 ± 0.3°C, 68.9 ± 12.4% RH), 1-MCP fumigation followed by Aloe vera coating was the best treatment, increasing lime storage life by 38.7 days. The longer storage time did reduce juice content in treated limes compared to untreated fruit. However, the treatment did not affect the soluble solid contents, titratable acidity, or ascorbic acid level. In conclusion, for optimum postharvest life in limes stored under ambient conditions, fumigation with 1-MCP is best. While for limes stored in cold rooms, a cotreatment of 1-MCP fumigation followed by Aloe vera coating maximizes postharvest life.
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Histological and biochemical aspects as potential markers for evaluation graft compatibility in durian at the early nursery stage
(2024-11-01)
Thippan, Saithip
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Bunya-Atichart, Kanokporn
;
Ayuttaya, Supat Isarangkool Na
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Lerslerwong, Ladawan
Despite being primarily utilized for the commercial propagation of durian seedlings, there still needs to be more understanding regarding the histological and biochemical changes that durian plants undergo during compatibility. Further research is required to elucidate this aspect of durian plant biology. The investigation utilized the cleft-grafted ‘Monthong’ durian cultivar onto indigenous durian rootstock. Examining histological and transverse sections elucidated the three fundamental biological processes involved in graft union formation: scion-rootstock adhesion and wound response, callus bridge construction, and vascular reconnection essential for effective wound healing. These changes are related to the appearance of successfully grafted durian with new sprouting, smooth graft union, and dark green leaves. Quantification of endogenous hormones through LC-MS analysis during the process of graft union formation revealed distinct levels of auxins (IAA), cytokinins (zeatin), gibberellins (GA<inf>3</inf>), and abscisic acid (ABA) at various stages of graft development post-grafting. Low levels of IAA were observed during the wound response, callus cell formation, and callus differentiation. It was accompanied by significantly higher concentrations of zeatin, which were present at all stages, with particularly pronounced levels during callus bridge formation and vascular reconnection. Upon completion of the union formation, the highest levels of IAA, zeatin, and GA<inf>3</inf> were observed simultaneously with the emergence of a new sprout in the graft, coinciding with the whole connection of the new vascular cambium between the scion and rootstock. After the grafting, ABA appeared only three days later, at the time of the wound response. The phenolic compounds in the durian graft union decreased gradually after the vascular cambium of the scion and rootstock had become fully connected, following the callus formation and proliferation period. Total non-structural carbohydrates (TNC) levels at the graft union area peaked during the initial wound response phase and gradually declined as callus bridge formation and wound healing progressed. TNC increased during vascular cambium formation and decreased when the graft produced new sprouts. The anatomical and visual characteristics, endogenous hormones, phenolic acid, and TNC were influential in the modulation of graft union formation and the early growth of the 'Monthong' durian cleft graft on the indigenous rootstock. These parameters show the potential markers detected since the early nursery stage of durian graft.
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Ethylene induction of chlorophyll degradation in melinjo (Gnetum gnemon L.) leaves: Lack of correlation with chlorophyllase, chlorophyll peroxidase and chlorophyll oxidase activities
(2014-09-01)
Bunya-Atichart, Kanokpon
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Ketsa, Saichol
Melinjo (Gnetum gnemon L.), a leafy vegetable native to Southeast Asia, maintains a long shelf life when sprayed with water and stored in polyethylene bags. Also, during senescence of melinjo, the onset of leaf yellowing occurs much later than that of other vegetables. Postharvest crop management of green leafy vegetables could benefit from a better understanding of the factors that affect leaf yellowing in melinjo. This study investigated changes in chlorophyll concentrations and the roles of chlorophyll-degrading enzymes in melinjo leaf yellowing under exogenous ethylene and 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treatment. We recorded shelf life, total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a and b contents, activities of chlorophyllase, chlorophyll peroxidase and chlorophyll oxidase and found no significant difference between treated and untreated leaves. Untreated leaves turned yellow after 35 d. Leaves became yellow within 2 d of the ethylene treatment, whereby the chlorophyll concentrations decreased dramatically. Previous research suggested an alternative (oxidative) pathway of chlorophyll degradation involving chlorophyll peroxidase and chlorophyll oxidase in other green vegetables. Our results indicated that chlorophyll degradation involves enzymes other than the ones measured and that the pathway of chlorophyll degradation by oxidizing activities (peroxidase and oxidase) does not take place in harvested melinjo leaves.
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Nondestructive Determination of the Maturity of the Durian Fruit in the Frequency Domain Using the Change in the Natural Frequency
(2016-05-01)
Tantisopharak, Tanawut
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Moon, Hongsik
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Youryon, Pannipa
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Bunya-Athichart, Kanokpon
;
Krairiksh, Monai
This paper proposes a nondestructive technique to determine the stages of maturity of durian fruits. The presented methodology utilizes the electromagnetic scattering properties from the fruits over time for identification of the stage of maturity using its natural frequencies. Both simulation and experimental results show that the natural frequencies in the scattering responses change with the maturity of the durian fruit. Particularly, the change in the fundamental resonant frequency is used as a possible identification criterion for characterization of the stage of maturity. This is because the dielectric constant of the core of the fruit changes with its degree of maturity. In addition, the experimental results indicate that the variation of the dominant resonant frequency of durian fruits varies at different stages of maturity and this has the potential to be applied as a criterion to identify the stages of maturity.
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Ethylene-sensitive and ethylene-insensitive abscission in Dendrobium: Correlation with polygalacturonase activity
(2011-04-01)
Bunya-atichart, Kanokpon
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Ketsa, Saichol
;
van Doorn, Wouter G.
We previously showed that the abscission of floral buds of the orchid Dendrobium cv. Miss Teen was absent in controls but highly promoted by ethylene, whilst open flowers also did not abscise without ethylene but were not responsive to ethylene. Here, we determined the activities of three enzymes in the abscission zone (AZ): polygalacturonase (PG), β-1,4-glucanase (cellulase), and pectin methylesterase (PME). In the AZ of floral buds an increase in PG activity coincided with the ethylene-induced abscission. A small increase was found in the AZ β-1,4-glucanase (cellulase) activity, shortly after the end of ethylene treatment of the flower buds and a few days before the onset of abscission. The activity of pectin methylesterase (PME) in the AZ of floral buds was not affected by ethylene. In the AZ of flowers that had just opened no increase in enzyme activity was observed after ethylene treatment. The data indicate a role of PG, and possibly of β-1,4-glucanase, in abscission. The data also suggest that the reason for the decrease in ethylene sensitivity of the abscission zone, during flower opening, lies upstream from the induction of enzyme activity in the AZ. © 2010 Elsevier B.V.
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Paclobutrazol enhances yield and secondary compound accumulation in Curcuma longa L.
(2024-11-01)
Montri, N.
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Chauytam, S.
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Deewatthanawong, R.
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Bunya-Atichart, K.
The results indicated that the application of different concentrations of PBZ at 60 days preharvest had an impact on yield after harvest at 9 months while the color of turmeric remained relatively consistent. In all treatments, the rhizome color was yellow to orange. The fresh weight of the rhizome showed no significant differences within the range of 0-800 mg/L PBZ treatments, with the lowest yield observed in 1,200 mg/L PBZ treatment. The dry weight percentage was highest when treated with 800 mg/L PBZ for the mother rhizome and 600 mg/L PBZ for the finger rhizome. Regarding the accumulation of secondary compounds, highly significant differences among the treatments were found for the content of total flavonoids and total phenolics while curcumin showed significant differences. The treatment with 1,200 mg/L PBZ had the highest total phenolics content at 78.18 mg GAE/gDW and total flavonoids at 295.54 mg QUE/gDW. PBZ-treated plants also showed higher curcumin content and percentage than the non-treated plants. These findings indicated that the application of PBZ has the potential to improve both the yield and quality of turmeric, which is advantageous for cultivating this valuable medicinal plant.
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Simple and Rapid Synthesis of Calcium Acetate from Scallop Shells to Reduce Environmental Issues
(2021-01-01)
Thongkam, Montree
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Saelim, Jinnaput
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Boonchom, Banjong
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Seesanong, Somkiat
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Chaiseeda, Kittichai
The search for sustainable resources remains a subject of global interest. Calcium acetate used in many fields was prepared using waste scallop shell as a raw material, and its physicochemical properties were investigated. The waste scallop shells were transformed to calcium acetate compounds by reactions with four acetic acid concentrations at ambient temperature until the completely dried powder is obtained. The maximum yield of 87% with short reaction time at a low temperature was observed in the reaction of 60%w/w acetic acid with scallop shells. Thermal transformation reactions of all prepared calcium acetate samples revealed temperature conditions for heating to produce other advanced materials. FTIR and XRD results confirmed the purity and solid phase of all prepared calcium acetate samples, and they were compared with those of literatures and found to be well consistent. The obtained timber-like particles have different sizes depending on the acetic acid concentration. This work reports an easy and low-cost method with no environmental effect to produce cheap calcium products to be used in the industry.
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Bunyaatichart, Kanokpon

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