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    Influence of power shielded cable and ground on distribution of common mode currents flowing in variable-speed AC motor drive systems
    (2010-08-02)
    Parasitic common mode (CM) currents unavoidably generated by power converters, in particular PWM inverters, which are widely used in variable-speed AC motor drives in many industrial applications, causes many Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) problems. In order to reasonably solve these problems, the understanding of behavior and the knowledge of propagation path of CM currents flowing through the system are indispensable. This paper presents an investigation on influence of power shielded cable length and its position in comparison to ground and on ground effect. These two elements are very important to make CM currents flowing to other parts of the system, especially through the motor. Measurement of the proportion of CM currents returning to CM voltage source via ground and cable shield connected at motor terminal in various configurations, in frequency domain, is carried out to illustrate which propagation path is preferred in the considered frequency range. This allows us to apply an appropriate method to restrict or eliminate CM currents in the desired frequency range. An analytical model corresponding to this experiment will be also established; its results will be compared with the measured ones. The validated model could be later used to predict proportion of CM currents distributed in the system for other configurations. © 2010 IEEE.
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    Coefficient comparison technique of discrete wavelet transform for discriminating between external short circuit and internal winding fault in power transformer
    (2012-01-01) ; ;
    Klomjit, J.
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    This paper proposes a technique for detecting and identifying internal winding fault of three-phase two-winding transformer which variations of coefficients of high frequency component obtained from DWT of differential current are analyzed. The maximum coefficient details of DWT are performed as comparison indicator in order to discriminate between internal fault and external short circuit. Various cases based on Thailand electricity transmission and distribution systems are studied to verify the validity of the proposed algorithm. Results show that the proposed technique has good accuracy to detect fault and to identify its position in the considered system.
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    Mitigation of conducted and radiated EMI generation in high-frequency switching devices
    (2015-01-01)
    Sripodok, P.
    ;
    The purpose of this paper is to investigate the electromagnetic interference (EMI) propagation paths and how to mitigate these generated high-frequency noises in high-frequency switching devices. Both conducted and radiated EMI can be produced when the devices are in operation. This results in restriction of power electronic devices' evolution. In order to effectively reduce EMI generation or overcome EMI problems, an Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) regulation should be applied. The conformity to the standard will guarantee the performance and the compatibility of the electrical/electronic devices/equipments to be employed or installed in the sensitive electromagnetic environment. The EMC standard is defined in the frequency range of ISO kHz to 1 GHz: 150 kHz to 30 MHz for conducted emission measurement and 30 MHz to 1GHz for radiated emission one. A switching device connecting to tuner kit (FM radio) is herein focused as an EMI source. The generated noises will be reduced by using grounding and shielding methods. The obtained results will be compared with an EMC standard (EN55022 class B) in order to reveal the effectiveness of the applied EMI mitigation techniques. The analysis and experimental results finally show that the conducted emission can be diminished by using multi-point grounding whereas the radiated emission is effectively reduced by using single-point grounding and shielding, in particular at high frequencies.
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    Design and application of daylight-based lighting controller on LED luminaire
    (2020-05-01)
    Bunjongjit, Sulee
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    ; ; ;
    Patcharoen, Theerasak
    This paper proposes a control circuit for Light Emitting Diode (LED) luminaire based on the amount of daylight. This system uses both natural daylight and artificial light from a luminaire to reach the desired illuminance on a working plane. The control circuit operates by receiving an illuminance value from a light sensor and comparing it with a set value in the microcontroller before limiting the light intensity of LED by sending a control Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signal to the LED driver. In the experimental setup, the controller and a physical model of a working space were built in order to field test the LED daylight control circuit. Electrical characteristics such as voltage, current, and power were measured with a power meter. Illumination characteristics in terms of illuminance on a working plane were determined using a lux meter. The results from actual field tests revealed that this LED control circuit was able to reduce the power consumption of the lighting system while keeping the illuminance on the working plane at the standard value. Both simulation results and the actual experiment of the control circuit proved that it could be used to improve the energy efficiency of both newly installed and retrofitted lighting systems.
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    Characteristics and effects of conducted emission from grid-connected and stand-alone micro-inverters in a nano-grid road lighting system
    A road lighting system is important for drivers and uses a lot of energy. The road lighting system must be installed throughout roads which have a long distance and a large volume, which causes power loss in the power transmission line. The concept of combining a power generation system by using a solar power system and a road lighting system is presented to solve this problem; it is called "a nano-grid road lighting system". The nano-grid system consists of a grid-connected system and a stand-alone system and both systems use micro-inverters to convert the electric power for LED luminaire loads. Both micro-inverters are comprised of switching devices that cause the conducted emission (CE) in the electrical system. The LED luminaire is a very sensitive load because it is less resistant to the CE. Therefore, this research studies the CE in the nano-grid system in each period according to the working pattern of the device to study the CE characteristics for use in the design of CE attenuation methods in the future. The CE of the stand-alone system which is used at nighttime gives a higher level than the grid-connected system and exceeds the Comité International Spécial des Perturbations Radioélectriques (CISPR) 14-1 standard. The CE of the grid-connected system has a high level in the early frequency ranges, whereas the CE of the stand-alone system has a high level throughout the test frequency range.
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    Study of harmonics issued from electronic ballast used to reduce energy consumption in Thailand's building
    (2014-01-01) ;
    In 2009, the T5 fluorescent tube lamp with electronic ballast was launched by the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT) in order to reduce energy consumption in building. The ballast is one of major components of fluorescent lamp. The installation of T5 fluorescent lamp in building has the effect of harmonics. This paper investigated the impact of harmonics from various electronic ballasts existing commercially, and compared with conventional ballast. The obtained results show that the T5 fluorescent tube lamp functioning with electronic ballast is a promising candidate to replace the T8 fluorescent tube lamp with electromagnetic and low watt loss ballast in building. © 2014 IEEE.
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    Performance and electromagnetic compatibility of a photovoltaic power converter
    (2017-07-02) ;
    This study aims to evaluate the performance of DC-DC converter in photovoltaic system. Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) characteristics, issues and its effect on photovoltaic power converter are performed and taken into consideration. ĆUK converter has been built in this research. The proposed filter circuit is also created and integrated in ĆUK converter in photovoltaic system, and tested in field testing. The EN 55011 standard has been applied as a reference in order to verify the performance of the proposed filter circuit in terms of Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) reduction in actual application.
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    Optimization of EMI filter located at the PWM inverter output to reduce parasitic high-frequency currents in AC motor windings
    (2011-04-01)
    Parasitic high-frequency currents in inverter-fed electrical machines are mainly caused by the common-mode voltage with high frequency (HF) and high dv/dt. This will cause severe electromagnetic interference (EMI) problems. Several techniques can be used to reduce these problems. A classical technique is insertion of a passive EMI filter in the system. The design of this filter is usually a "mismatch" type by considering internal impedance of disturbance source and load, equal to 50?; this does not correspond to real impedances of a considered system. The EMI reduction would be less effective. This paper proposes therefore an approach to optimize a low-pass EMI filter adapted to the considered system by using two-port network approach, which is based on real parasitic impedances of the system. This EMI filter optimization is principally dedicated to diminish common mode (CM) high-frequency currents in AC motor windings due to their dominant effects. The efficiency of the proposed optimization approach is deduced by comparing the minimized CM current spectra to an applied normative level such as DO-160D (standard used in aeronautics). ICIC International © 2011 ISSN 1881-803X.
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    An Evaluation Study on Electric Appliance Characteristics and Load Patterns in Residential Buildings
    (2026-01-01)
    Thongsuk, Surakit
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    Songsukthawan, Panapong
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    Sottiyaphai, Chayanut
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    Energy usage in residential buildings has been constantly increasing as work-from-home trends continue to maintain popularity. To improve energy efficiency, the load profile and electric appliances in households need to be established and analyzed. This study aims to evaluate the characteristics of electric appliances that are commonly used in residential buildings under various operating conditions. An experimental setup with household electric appliances was built, and power quality meters were installed to assess the patterns under various operating conditions. In addition, the usage patterns were used to construct the daily load profile and analyze the energy consumption in residential buildings. The results demonstrate that load patterns constructed from actual measurements can achieve an accurate depiction of energy usage in residential buildings. The obtained load profile can be used in load control to improve energy efficiency and the application of renewable energy in demand reduction.
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    Generation and storage of electrical energy from piezoelectric materials
    (2017-07-25)
    Songsukthawan, Panapong
    ;
    The electrical energy generation and storage from piezoelectric materials are focused and discussed in this paper. This kind of materials is able to directly convert mechanical energy into electrical one, which can be later stored by utilizing energy harvesting technique/circuit. The energy conversion from ambient vibration is indeed nowadays fascinating research area. Due to the compatibility to integrate with electronics and microsystem with high voltage and supporting standalone circuit, it is the most popular electromechanical transducer materials for low power consumption applications, such as wireless and sensors. This paper focuses how to extract energy from piezoelectric materials to be stored in the energy storage device such as battery, in order to later supply electronic/electrical device/equipment. The simulation in MATLAB Simulink is presented and experimental results are also carried out in order to confirm the effectiveness of energy extraction. Consequently, this work may be practical for energy supplying of low power devices.