Isarakorn, Don

Preferred name

Isarakorn, Don

Alternative Name

Isarakorn, D.

Main Affiliation

School of Engineering

don.is@kmitl.ac.th

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Electrical and dielectric properties of barium titanate–polydimethylsiloxane nanocomposite with 0-3 connectivity modified with carbon nanotube (CNT)
(2019-01-02)
Nawanil, Chanisa
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Makcharoen, Worawut
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Khaosa-Ard, Krittanat
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Maluangnont, Tosapol
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Vittayakorn, Wanwilai
This study explored the preparation and electrical properties of 0–3 barium titanate/polydimethylsiloxane nanocomposites by dispersing barium titanate nanoparticles (BaTiO<inf>3</inf>; BT) into the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrix phase. The effect of barium titanate nanoparticles on electrical properties has been investigated systematically, and the relative permittivity of nanocomposites was found to increase significantly with increasing barium titanate content. Different theoretical models were used to predict the dielectric constant of these composites and compare their experimental value with the theoretical value in order to find an appropriate equation. The result indicated that the dielectric properties of composites are influenced not only by relative permittivity of the components but also dependence on interactions between ceramics and polymers. Furthermore, the preparation and dielectric properties of BT/PDMS nanocomposites modified with carbon nanotube (CNT) were also studied. The dielectric results demonstrate that adding CNT can enhance the relative permittivity of the BT/PDMS composite via improvement of dispersion and distribution of the BT nanoparticles in the PDMS matrix phase. Moreover, the electrical outputs from the BT/PDMS/CNT nanocomposites generator were measured under periodic knocking. The nanocomposites innovatively expand the feasibility of self-powered energy systems for smart sensor and energy harvesting applications.
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Impact-driven energy harvesting: Piezoelectric versus triboelectric energy harvesters
(2020-10-02)
Thainiramit, Panu
;
Yingyong, Phonexai
;
Isarakorn, Don
This work investigated the mechanical and electrical behaviors of piezoelectric and triboelectric energy harvesters (PEHs and TEHs, respectively) as potential devices for harvesting impact-driven energy. PEH and TEH test benches were designed and developed, aiming at harvesting low-frequency mechanical vibration generated by human activities, for example, a floor-tile energy harvester actuated by human footsteps. The electrical performance and behavior of these energy harvesters were evaluated and compared in terms of absolute energy and power densities that they provided and in terms of these energy and power densities normalized to unit material cost. Several aspects related to the design and development of PEHs and TEHs as the energy harvesting devices were investigated, covering the following topics: construction and mechanism of the energy harvesters; electrical characteristics of the fabricated piezoelectric and triboelectric materials; and characterization of the energy harvesters. At a 4 mm gap width between the cover plate and the stopper (the mechanical actuation components of both energy harvesters) and a cover plate pressing frequency of 2 Hz, PEH generated 27.64 mW, 1.90 mA, and 14.39 V across an optimal resistive load of 7.50 kΩ, while TEH generated 1.52 mW, 8.54 µA, and 177.91 V across an optimal resistive load of 21 MΩ. The power and energy densities of PEH (4.57 mW/cm3 and 475.13 µJ/cm3) were higher than those of TEH (0.50 mW/cm3, and 21.55 µJ/cm3). However, when the material cost is taken into account, TEH provided higher power and energy densities per unit cost. Hence, it has good potential for upscaling, and is considered well worth the investment. The advantages and disadvantages of PEH and TEH are also highlighted as main design factors.
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Design and realization of an energy autonomous wireless sensor system for ball screw fault diagnosis
(2017-05-01)
Sudhawiyangkul, Thapanun
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Isarakorn, Don
This paper presents the design and realization of an energy autonomous wireless sensor system for monitoring and fault diagnosis of ball screw condition. The proposed system is mainly composed of a wireless sensor node and an energy harvester. The novelty of the proposed system is lying in the point that it can be used with any machines that have a linear actuator and generate a low level of vibrations. The sensor node is used to measure the vibration of the ball screw in a linear actuator, while the energy harvester is used to convert linear kinetic motions of the actuator to electrical energy and powered the system. In this work, the design of wireless sensor node, energy harvester and energy management system are proposed. The electrical characteristics of the sensor node and the harvester are investigated to optimize the performance of the system. Lastly, sixteen energy autonomous wireless sensor nodes are fabricated and installed into the DISCO Automatic Dicing Saw DFD6340 machines for examining their performances. As the results, the proposed system can distinguish the condition of ball screw. The average acceleration level of ball screw showing some damage is significantly higher than the average acceleration level of ball screw with normal condition.
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Fabrication and evaluation of energy harvesting floor using piezoelectric frequency up-converting mechanism
(2018-08-15)
Panthongsy, Phosy
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Isarakorn, Don
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Janphuang, Pattanaphong
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Hamamoto, Kazuhiko
This paper reports on the fabrication and evaluation of an energy harvesting floor tile using unimorph PZT piezoelectric cantilevers to convert kinetic energy from human footsteps into usable electricity. The operation of the tile is based on frequency up-converting mechanism in which low frequency input vibrations are converted into high frequency vibrations of an electromechanical transduction. The operational frequency of the PZT unimorph cantilever was converted up by an interaction between a permanent magnet and an iron bar. Vertical displacement of the oscillating cantilever was localized with a stopper preventing damage to the piezoelectric layer from shock or over-displacement excitation. The magnetic field density between the magnet and the iron bar was investigated through finite element analysis simulation in order to define an optimal air gap. Experimentally, a unimorph PZT cantilever was initially prototyped to validate the design. The results showed a successful frequency up-conversion with a resonant frequency of 10.54 Hz. Then, it was scaled up by accommodating 24 unimorph PZT cantilevers followed by experimental validation to evaluate its energy harvesting performance. Each cantilever was connected to a full wave bridge rectifier then connected in parallel with the other cantilevers. The generated electrical power and energy were investigated through various resistive loads. The average power and total output energy produced by one foot step on the tile were found to be 1.24 mW and 3.49 mJ, respectively at an optimal load resistance of 74.44 kΩ. The energy conversion efficiency reached 17.12% demonstrating the potential of harvesting energy from human motion.
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Performance evaluation using laser doppler vibrometer sensing technique on advanced lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate piezoelectric-material-based microactuator for hard drive head
(2018-01-01)
Wattananukulchai, Parinya
;
Isarakorn, Don
This paper presents a microactuator for a dual-stage actuator (DSA) of hard disk drive (HDD) based on a lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate (PMN-PT) piezoelectric material and a comparative evaluation of its performance versus that of a traditional lead zirconate titanate (PZT) microactuator using the laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV) sensing technique. PZT microactuator technology has commonly been implemented in the read/write (R/W) magnetic head of HDD. It has a significant function, that is, it moves the magnetic head rapidly and accurately. In order to achieve both accurate positioning control on data tracks and high-speed access across another data track, advanced high-performance actuators and servo control technologies are necessary. An actuator with a wide stroke travel range is essential for HDD as it gives a high-speed access performance. In this study, we focused on comparing the proposed dual-stage PMN-PT head-based actuator with the existing PZT actuator that were mounted on a commercial head gimbal assembly (HGA) using an LDV to determine whether the proposed device could be a worthy replacement of the traditional PZT microactuator. Our experimental results show that the proposed PMN-PT microactuator provided more than twofold improvement in the stroke travel of the R/W magnetic head. Moreover, its dynamic behavior was suitable for assembling a high-density HDD in the future for big data storage without any needs to redesign the HGA nor to costly invest in new assembling machines in a production line. The comparative data of dynamic and static behaviors of PMN-PT versus PZT obtained in this study may be put to good use by sensor designers. Moreover, for many cyber-physical system designers, our data may make them take interest in PMN-PT as a better-performing sensor and an actuator for their systems.
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Design and evaluation of double-stage energy harvesting floor tile
(2019-10-01)
Isarakorn, Don
;
Jayasvasti, Subhawat
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Panthongsy, Phosy
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Janphuang, Pattanaphong
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Hamamoto, Kazuhiko
This paper introduces the design and characterization of a double-stage energy harvesting floor tile that uses a piezoelectric cantilever to generate electricity from human footsteps. A frequency up-conversion principle, in the form of an overshooting piezoelectric cantilever, plucked with a proof mass is utilized to increase energy conversion efficiency. The overshoot of the proof mass is implemented by a mechanical impact between a moving cover plate and a stopper to prevent damage to the plucked piezoelectric element. In an experiment, the piezoelectric cantilever of a floor tile prototype was excited by a pneumatic actuator that simulated human footsteps. The key parameters affecting the electrical power and energy outputs were investigated by actuating the prototype with a few kinds of excitation input. It was found that, when actuated by a single simulated footstep, the prototype was able to produce electrical power and energy in two stages. The cantilever resonated at a frequency of 14.08 Hz. The output electricity was directly proportional to the acceleration of the moving cover plate and the gap between the cover plate and the stopper. An average power of 0.82 mW and a total energy of 2.40 mJ were obtained at an acceleration of 0.93 g and a gap of 4 mm. The prototype had a simple structure and was able to operate over a wide range of frequencies.
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Technique for measuring power across high resistive load of triboelectric energy harvester
(2021-07-01)
Jayasvasti, Subhawat
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Thainiramit, Panu
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Yingyong, Phonexai
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Isarakorn, Don
This paper proposed a more-accurate-than-conventional measurement technique for determining electrical power across exceptionally high-impedance of triboelectric energy harvester (TEH). The key idea of this proposed technique was to measure the voltage across an introduced, parallelly-connected resistor divider to the oscilloscope instead of the voltage across the harvester. An experiment was set up to verify the measurement accuracy performance of this technique against the ideal theoretical values. The maximum percentage error found was only 2.30%, while the conventional measurement technique could not be used to measure voltage across high impedance TEH at all because the readings were not accurate, i.e., the measurement error would be at least over 10%. Therefore, we concluded that this proposed technique should always be used instead of the conventional measurement technique for power measurement of any TEH. A suggestion that we would like to offer to researchers investigating or developing a TEH is that, in using our measurement technique, a good starting point for a load to probe resistance ratio is 1:10, a ratio that worked well for our TEH test bench that we developed.
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Triboelectric Energy-Harvesting Floor Tile
(2022-12-01)
Thainiramit, Panu
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Jayasvasti, Subhawat
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Yingyong, Phonexai
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Nandrakwang, Songmoung
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Isarakorn, Don
The aim of this study was to investigate the real-world electrical parameters that strongly affected the performance of a triboelectric energy-harvesting floor tile design: triboelectric material thickness, cover plate displacement distance or gap width, and cover plate pressing frequency, so that real-world specifications of the harvesting floor tile can be accurately specified. The structure of the designed triboelectric energy harvester, with readily available polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) film and aluminum foil, was simple and hence easy to fabricate, and the material cost was low. A square wave was used to simulate the pressing frequency on the test bench’s cover plate. The results showed that the voltage and current were proportional to the gap width, and the thinner the triboelectric layer thickness, the higher the output voltage and current. A test bench with a 0.2 mm thick PTFE triboelectric layer generated the highest energy output. In a later experiment, a triboelectric energy-harvesting floor tile (TEHFT) prototype was constructed with 0.1 and 0.2 mm thick PTFE layers. We found that at 2 Hz stepping frequency and 0.1 mm PTFE thickness, the optimal load and cumulative energy of the TEHFT were 0.8 MΩ and 3.81 mJ, respectively, while with 0.2 mm PTFE thickness, these two parameters were 1.1 MΩ and 7.69 mJ, respectively. The TEHFT with 0.2 mm thick PTFE layer was able to illuminate a series of 100 to 150 LEDs, sufficient power to drive small electronics and sensor nodes. This discovery provides important data on the structure, material, and contact surface area of a TEHFT that can be adjusted to suit specific requirements of a special function triboelectric energy harvester.
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Evaluation of harvesting energy from pedestrians using piezoelectric floor tile energy harvester
(2021-11-01)
Yingyong, Phonexai
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Thainiramit, Panu
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Jayasvasti, Subhawat
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Thanach-Issarasak, Nicharas
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Isarakorn, Don
This study determined the influences of several pedestrian parameters on the amount of energy harvested by a piezoelectric energy harvesting floor tile (EHFT), for the goal of providing a realistic harvested energy specification for an application in a certain pedestrian environment. Experiments were conducts to measure the original harvested energy in a laboratory and the harvested energy under a variety of pedestrian parameter values. The main outcomes were the following: the original, unadjusted harvested energy provided by one pedestrian step obtained in the laboratory was 35 mW<inf>rms</inf>; when ten people, weighing less than 50 kg or over 70 kg, stepped on the floor tile, the harvested energy was about 11.0 mJ and 32.0 mJ, respectively; When 30 people walked or ran over it without any fixed pattern, the harvested energy was about 289.0 mJ and 736.9 mJ, respectively; when 30 people walking in a row, separated by a gap of 0.5, 1, and 1.5 m, walking over the tile one by one, the stored energy was 401.0 mJ, 406.0 mJ, and 452.0 mJ, respectively. To conclude, two pedestrian parameters affected the harvested energy strongly pedestrian body weight and pace (walking or running), but pedestrian density did not affect the harvested energy of our developed EHFT strongly. Therefore, in an adjustment of a laboratory-obtained harvested energy into a realistic specification, the influences of those two pedestrian parameters had to be included, while pedestrian density could be ignored. These findings should be directly useful to new researchers and developers in their effort to formulate a realistic harvested energy specification for their developed EHFT.
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Harvesting energy from a rotating gear using an AFM-Like MEMS piezoelectric frequency up-converting energy harvester
(2015-06-01)
Janphuang, Pattanaphong
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Lockhart, Robert A.
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Isarakorn, Don
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Henein, Simon
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Briand, Danick
This paper presents an analytical and experimental study of a compact configuration to harvest energy from a rotating gear using piezoelectric microelectromechanical system harvesters. The reported configuration realizes a contact-Type frequency up-conversion mechanism in order to generate useful electrical energy. The up-conversion mechanism was achieved using an atomic force microscope (AFM)-like piezoelectric cantilever plucked by the teeth of the rotating gear that could be eventually driven by an oscillating mass. This paper describes relevant design guidelines for harvesting energy from the low-frequency mechanical movement of a rotating gear through analytical modeling and finite element method (FEM) simulation followed by experimental validation. Different harvester configurations are investigated to identify the optimal configuration in terms of the output energy and energy conversion efficiency. The latter results are reported for the first time because of the implementation of an original concept based on the coupling of the harvester with a rotational flywheel. The experimental results reveal that free vibrations of the harvester after plucking contribute significantly to the output energy and efficiency. By adding a proof mass, the efficiency of the system can be greatly improved. For plucking speeds between 3 and 19 r/s, average output powers in the order of tens of microwatts were obtained for continuous plucking. By combining interaction energy, friction, and energy absorption, between the harvester and inertial mass, the maximum efficiency of the impact piezoelectric harvesters was found to be 1.4%. The efficiency results obtained were compared with the noncontact magnetic plucking approach further demonstrating the potential of our concept. Finally, different tip-gear materials combinations were evaluated showing the importance of their nature on the reliability of the presented configuration.

Isarakorn, Don

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