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    Preparation of pH Sensor Based on Extended-Gate Field-Effect Transistor with Spinel ZnCo2O4 Thin Films by Electrostatic Spray Deposition
    (2023-12-01)
    Keawkusonwiwat, S.
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    Electrostatic spray deposition was applied to prepare pH sensing with spinel ZnCO<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf> thin films based on the measurement of extended-gate field-effect transistors (EGFET). The influence of annealing temperatures on the characteristics of the prepared films was analyzed. The structural and morphological properties of the annealed ZnCo<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf> films were assessed by x-ray diffraction, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and contact angle measurement. The effect of the ZnCo<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf> annealing temperature on the characteristics of pH sensing for the prepared ZnCo<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf> films in EGFET measurement were examined with pH buffer solutions in a pH range of 2–12 at room temperature. The sensing films annealed at 550°C demonstrated a high voltage and current sensitivity at 67.6 mV/pH and 1.033 (µA)<sup>½</sup>/pH, with linearity values of 0.9968 and 0.9991, respectively. Moreover, the annealed 550°C ZnCo<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf> film exhibited low hysteresis at 4.99 mV and high retention stability. The results revealed that the pH sensing of the ZnCo<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf> EGFET device showed a super-Nernstian sensitivity, which indicated the influence of the surface properties of the annealed film. Therefore, the ZnCo<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf> film should be considered a potential option for the pH sensing layer in EGFET applications.
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    Properties of CuPc/Se organics-inorganic hybrid thin films growth by electron beam evaporation technique
    Organic and Inorganic materials with copper (II) phthalocyanine (CuPc) and selenium (Se) were deposited to implement hybrid thin Alms by multi pocket electron beam evaporation technique. Crystallization of hybrid films was performed by x-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy. XRD pattern exhibits monoclinic α-phase crystallizations structure of CuPc. Influences of the CuPc thickness on the crystalline structure of selenium films were obtained. As the thickness of CuPc layer was increased to 100 nm, the hexagonal Se was observed. Optical absorption spectra were measured by UV-Visible spectrophotometer. Results of hybrid absorption spectra were revealed to absorption spectra of CuPc and Se. Surface roughness of films can confirm with XRD spectra .The surface morphology was characterized by atomic force microscope (AFM) with non-contact mode, it illustrate the point that hybrid thin films is nanocrystal structure. © 2007 IEEE.
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    Multilevel conductance switching and carrier transport mechanisms of memory devices based on an ITO/PVK:Ag nanoparticles/Al structure
    Multilevel conductance switching was achieved using silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) embedded in poly(9-vinylcarbazole) (PVK) with a structure of ITO/PVK:Ag NPs/Al. The current-voltage (I-V) curves of the memory devices at low reading voltages showed three distinguished states of current. The memory devices exhibited non-volatile rewritable memory characteristics. The carrier transport mechanisms of the devices in each state were analyzed by theoretical models based on the experimental I-V data. In addition, retention time measurements showed clearly three current states with good data retention properties. From the retention times test, the average values of ON/OFF, ON/intermediate (INTERM) and INTERM/OFF current ratios of the memory devices were 1.7 × 10<sup>6</sup>, 3.5 × 10<sup>2</sup> and 5.0 × 10<sup>3</sup>, respectively.
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    Supercapacitive properties of cobalt oxide thin films prepared by electrostatic spray deposition technique at different substrate temperature
    (2016-01-01)
    Chansaengsri, Kasidid
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    In this work, cobalt oxide thin films were prepared by electrostatic spray deposition (ESD) technique. The influence of the substrate temperatures on properties of film was investigated. Phase transformation of cobalt oxide thin films due to the effect of different substrate temperature was also observed. Cyclic voltammetry was used to measure the performance of cobalt oxide supercapacitor. At higher substrate temperature, the cobalt oxide thin films exhibit the high specific capacitance due to the effect of phase transformation in cobalt oxide films.
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    A humidity sensor based on iron oxide films prepared by spin coating process
    (2017-01-01)
    Songkeaw, Potiyan
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    In present work, iron oxide films were prepared by spin coating technique. The effect of annealing temperature on the properties of films was investigated. The structural and surface morphology properties of films have been performed by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and field-emission scanning electron microscope. To fabricate the humidity sensor device, the iron oxide film was spun on indium tin oxide transparent electrode. The sensor exhibited the humidity response in the range of 23-93% RH. The mechanisms and equivalent circuit models of sensor can be explained by complex impedance measurement.
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    Shape memory laser-induced graphene electrode based on polybenzoxazine-co-epoxy coated fabric and its electrochemical sensor application
    (2025-12-01)
    Luengrojanakul, Panuwat
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    Klamchuen, Annop
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    Leepheng, Piyawan
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    Charoensuk, Krittapas
    In this investigation, CO<inf>2</inf> direct laser writing is performed on BA-a/NGDE shape memory polymer matrix coated fabric. Findings show that the quality and surface coverage of formed laser-induced graphene (LIG) are dependent on BA-a content. The LIGs acquired at higher BA-a content possess low sheet resistance (∼10–15 Ω/sq), facilitating its use as joule heater for shape memory actuation (T<inf>avg</inf> ∼130 °C at 20 V for BOZ70-LIG). Furthermore, the fabricated LIG electrode shows potential use as electrochemical sensor with ΔE<inf>p</inf> of 88–200 mV and k<sup>0</sup> of 0.005 cm s<sup>-1</sup> (20 mm length) for 1 mM K<inf>4</inf>[Fe(CN)<inf>6</inf>]/0.1 M KCl. The 40 mm electrode length also maintains respectable electrochemical performance even after subjecting LIG to shape deformation and recovery. Moreover, the molecular imprinted polymer (MIP) modified LIG electrode also exhibits promising results in selective dopamine detection through leucodopaminechrome in PBS with linear detection range of 1.0–15.0 μM and LOD of 0.61 μM.
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    Optical properties and structure of copper (II) phthalocyanine(CuPc) organic thin film grown by electron - Beam evaporation technique
    (2007-08-28) ;
    Copper (II) Phthalocyanine (CuPc) thin films were grown by electron beam evaporation technique with various substrate temperatures. Crystalline of CuPc thin films was investigated by x-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy. Diffraction pattern exhibit high quality crystalline films as monoclinic α-phase structure. Surface morphology of CuPc thin films was characterized by field emission electron microscope (FE-SEM) and the films grown with 150 °C substrate temperature illustrated nanorod-like structure. Absorption spectra were obtained by UV/Visible spectroscopy, revealed to Q-band and B-band. The transition energy of CuPc was characterized by photoreflectance spectroscopy (PR) correspond to an absorption peak of Q-band. © 2007 IEEE.
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    Preparation of Conductive Screen-Printing Ink for High-Performance Bendable and Wearable ECG Electrodes on Fabric Substrates
    (2022-12-15)
    Chansaengsri, Kasidid
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    Monitoring of vital signs is a necessary tool to diagnose the symptoms of illness. This work developed screen-printing inks for conductive nanomaterials to fabricate electrocardiogram (ECG)-compatible fabric electrodes. The contents of the polymer matrix, calcium carbonate additive filler, and conductive nanomaterials (silver nanoparticles and copper nanowires) on the resistivity of the composite inks were optimized. A facile process of screen printing was applied to fabricate the electrodes on fabric to create an efficient conductor with high stability in conduction. The fabricated electrodes exhibited flexible and bendable behavior over 0.7% bending strain for wearable components. The results showed that the fabricated electrode based on copper nanowires resistivity was 40.01 ± 1.94 k Ω/cm, and the proposed signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was approximately 27.16 ± 9.37 dB. Therefore, these fabricated electrodes can be applied in wearable vital biosignal detection devices that perform with high sensitivity during movement, thereby providing health monitoring opportunities. Moreover, the fabricated electrodes can be used without excessive pressure or an electrolyte gel layer, thus overcoming the challenges of developing a portable device.
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    Structural and optical properties of CuPc/ZnSe multilayer hybrid thin films prepared by electron beam evaporator
    Multilayer hybrid thin films consisting of alternating layers of organic and inorganic materials were fabricated with powder of copper-phthalocyanine (CuPc) and zinc selenide (ZnSe) by electron beam evaporator. The structural and optical characterization of multilayer hybrid thin film were carried out by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscope (AFM) and UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. XRD patterns show two peaks of the orientation of (200) plane monoclinic structure in CuPc material and (111) plane cubic structure in ZnSe material where pair numbers of multilayer hybrid thin film higher than two pairs. With the variation in the number of pairs of CuPc/ZnSe, AFM images present almost similar morphology but the optical absorption spectra are significantly changed. Such spectral changes can be interpreted by the effect of the aggregate size and the characteristic of the multilayer hybrid structure. © 2007 IEEE.
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    Influence of post-annealing temperature on the morphological, structural and optical properties of spin coated zinc oxide thin films
    (2017-01-01)
    Chaithanatkun, Natpasit
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    Fujihara, Takeshi
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    Kamano, Masaru
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    Konishi, Tomoya
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    Uehara, Nobutomo
    In this study, zinc oxide films were fabricated on quartz glass substrate using spin coating technique with 2 molar of zinc oxide in organic solvent as starting materials. The fabricated sample was post-annealed at different temperature from 350 °C to 750 °C for 60 minutes. The energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) confirmed that zinc oxide coating film was fabricated on the quartz glass substrate. The crystallography of zinc oxide films were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The crystallite size of zinc oxide nanoparticles was determined from the full-width at half maximum (FWHM) of XRD peaks using Debye-Scherrer's equation and showed that the zinc oxide films had highly crystalline quality in hexagonal wurtzite crystal structure. The morphological property of films was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Surface morphology of films shows regularly spread all of zinc oxide films. The optical property of various zinc oxide films was measured using UV-Visible spectrophotometer.