Bunyarittikit, Suphat

Preferred name

Main Affiliation

School of Architecture, Art, and Design

suphat.bu@kmitl.ac.th

Now showing 1 - 10 of 18

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Structural Imbalance and Life-Cycle Cost Coverage in Vertical Greenery Systems: A Systematic Literature Review
(2026-04-01)
Phatthanaphan, Nitchaya
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Wongvorachan, Tarid
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Wutisun, Duangkamon
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Singkham, Sathirat
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Petsirasan, Sippakorn
Vertical greenery systems (VGS), including vertical gardens (VG) and green façades (GF), are increasingly promoted as nature-based solutions for sustainable urban development. Despite their environmental benefits, economic evaluation remains fragmented, particularly within a life-cycle cost (LCC) perspective. This study conducts a systematic literature review to examine the structural configuration of cost-related research on VGS within an LCC framework. Following the PRISMA protocol, 136 peer-reviewed articles published between 2021 and 2025 were identified through a structured search of the ScienceDirect database and retained as the analytical dataset. Bibliometric mapping, thematic classification, and co-occurrence analysis were applied to assess publication patterns, the distribution of cost components, and reporting structures. Five principal cost categories were identified: Installation and Operation, Maintenance, Consumables, Materials and Manufacturing, and Design. The results reveal a pronounced concentration on installation and maintenance costs, while design-phase economics and comprehensive LCC integration remain marginal. Most studies address only one or two cost categories, indicating structural fragmentation. In addition, heterogeneous reporting units and inconsistent contextual descriptors constrain cross-study comparability and cumulative synthesis. Collectively, the findings demonstrate that although cost research on VGS is expanding, it has not yet achieved methodological maturity within a standardized LCC framework. Advancing harmonized cost-reporting protocols and integrated life-cycle modeling is therefore essential to support robust economic evaluation and informed implementation of VGS in sustainable built environments.
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Biophilic Architecture in the Livable City of Melbourne CBD
(2025-12-01)
Thampanichwat, Chaniporn
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Wongvorachan, Tarid
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Somngam, Panyaphat
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Petlai, Taksaporn
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Sirisakdi, Limpasilp
Amid continuous urban population growth and urbanization’s environmental and social challenges, livable cities have become a key priority for governments. Among the various factors influencing urban livability, architectural design integrating natural elements plays a critical role. Melbourne consistently ranks as one of the world’s most livable cities, with its Central Business District (CBD) serving as its core. Since a previous study has highlighted a research gap concerning the role of architecture in livable cities and indicated that the characteristics of biophilic architecture remain unclear, this study addresses the following question: What are the attributes of biophilic architecture in the CBD of the livable city of Melbourne? Subsequently, buildings exhibiting characteristics of Biophilic architecture were surveyed, and photographs capturing the most representative aspects of each building were documented. These characteristics were then coded and analyzed using statistics. The study found that Biophilic architecture is extremely rare in Melbourne’s CBD, with only four of 6375 properties (0.06%) identified as such. The most prominent attributes include connection to nature, natural color tones, and light modulation shaped by the city’s grid layout and strong sunlight. However, the dominance of concrete structures and heritage regulations constrains formal diversity. While Melbourne may not provide abundant examples, its context offers valuable insight into how urban form and policy shape biophilic expression. Future studies should extend this comparative approach to other cities to better understand context-specific adaptations of biophilic design.
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A Systematic Review of Applications of Generative Design Methods for Energy Efficiency in Buildings
(2024-05-01)
Suphavarophas, Phattranis
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Wongmahasiri, Rungroj
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Keonil, Nuchnapang
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Bunyarittikit, Suphat
Energy efficiency is a principle of architectural design that reduces environmental impact. Generative design can offer alternative options to improve energy efficiency in buildings, but significant gaps exist in the application due to accessing complex knowledge. This study aimed to explore publications on generative design and energy efficiency in buildings and identify generative methods for energy efficiency topics. This study conducted a systematic review using the PRISMA methodology in December 2023 by searching publications from databases including Scopus, Google Scholar, and Thai Journals Online. Descriptive analysis examined 34 articles, showing the publication year, source, and citations. Comparative qualitative and descriptive analysis identified generative methods. Publications are increasing over time, and further growth is expected related to the accessibility of computational design and practical applications. Tools and frameworks demonstrated reduced energy usage compared to prototypes or traditional design approaches. The most studied is thermal performance, which was reduced by 28%. Energy performance achieved up to a 23.30% reduction, followed by others and daylighting. In addition to single-topic studies, there are also studies with multiple topics. Evolutionary algorithms are standard. Parametric search strategies have increased. Exploration reveals rule-based and mixed methods. Machine learning and AI garner attention.
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Wireless Automated Exhibition System: Convenient Mobility at Low Cost
(2025-01-01)
Hirunwijitporn, Nirumol
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Jongchanachavawat, Wirote
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Bunyarittikit, Suphat
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Mingmuang, Noppon
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Roopkom, Ittipat
The application of wireless automatic exhibition system for event promotion facilitates the organization of exhibition-related activities by enabling automated control of exhibition displays. This system eliminates the need for allocating personnel to monitor the exhibition, thus reducing the cost of hiring exhibition attendants. From this research, it is possible to create a low-cost wireless automatic exhibition display system that is convenient for use in various events and exhibitions, especially when there are numerous booths involved. The system utilizes infrared sensors to detect visitors within a range of 90 cm, enabling accurate visitor counting. Once the desired number of visitors is reached, the exhibition will be displayed immediately. Additionally, the system can detect exiting visitors while the exhibition is ongoing. When the specified visitor count is met, the exhibition display will stop instantly. Due to these features, this wireless automatic exhibition system is affordable, easily portable, and suitable for various events and exhibitions. It is user-friendly and convenient for deployment.
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A Content Analysis of Architectural Atmosphere Influencing Mindfulness through the Lens of Instagram
(2023-07-01)
Thampanichwat, Chaniporn
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Bunyarittikit, Suphat
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Moorapun, Chumporn
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Phaibulputhipong, Prima
Mindfulness is a psychological construct that enhances sustainable behaviors, environmental behavior, environmental consumption, mindful consumption, and water and energy sustainable consumption. The state of mindfulness can be affected by the determinator of the physical environment as architecture via the architectural atmosphere. The previous studies show that the discrete areas of knowledge between architecture and mindfulness are still widely unknown. However, image-centered social media platforms such as Instagram seem to be able to provide big data for studying people’s perceptions of architecture. Thus, this study aims to describe the concept design and characteristics of architectural atmosphere in architecture images tagged mindfulness posted to Instagram. A coding framework developed from a previous systematic literature review was conducted for this content analysis. A total of 354 architectural images were screened, coded, and analyzed by five architects. The results highlight that the Japanese traditional architecture (59.20%) looks to be the most architectural atmosphere concept that influences mindfulness, following by Biophilic Design (33.05%), and Buddhist contemplative space (20.06%). In addition, it was found that the most common architectural atmosphere characteristic fostering mindfulness performed calm space (73.58%), focus object (54.45%), concrete material (85.71%), hue color (78.17%), hard light and shadow (78.98%), and view with a tree (60.11%).
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Exterior Architectural Characteristics of Biophilic Design in Diverse Regional Contexts: Case Studies from Asia, Europe, and Australia
(2026-03-01)
Thampanichwat, Chaniporn
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Wongvorachan, Tarid
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Petlai, Taksaporn
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Somngam, Panyaphat
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Sirisakdi, Limpasilp
Biophilic design has gained increasing importance in contemporary architecture due to its potential to enhance human well-being, environmental quality, and the integration of nature within built environments. While a growing body of literature exists, there remains a limited understanding of how biophilic architecture is visually expressed in diverse regional contexts. As the exterior of a building constitutes its most immediate expression, examining these characteristics is essential. This research gap raises the question of how exterior biophilic design characteristics are articulated in architectural practice within different geographic settings. To address this gap, this study examines the exterior architectural characteristics of biophilic design through selected case studies from Asia, Europe, and Australia, focusing on how these characteristics are manifested in each regional context. The research adopts a three-step methodological approach. First, on-site photographic documentation was conducted. Second, the collected photographs were systematically coded. Third, descriptive analysis was employed to examine the distribution of biophilic design characteristics in diverse regional contexts. Across all regions, biophilic attributes are most prominently manifested with natural colors, natural materials, and biomorphic or natural forms. In contrast, spatial attributes appear less consistently documented in photographs. This study is limited by its reliance on photographic analysis and a relatively small sample size. Future research should integrate multimethod approaches and expanded case studies to capture experiential and environmental dimensions of biophilic design beyond visual attributes.
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Exploring Sidewalk Built Environment Design Strategies to Promote Walkability in Tropical Humid Climates
(2025-08-01)
Anuntavachakorn, Pakin
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Pawarana, Purinat
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Wongvorachan, Tarid
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Thampanichwat, Chaniporn
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Bunyarittikit, Suphat
The world is facing a state of “global boiling,” causing damage to various sectors. Developing pedestrian systems is a key to mitigating it, especially in tropical and humid cities where the climate discourages walking and increases the need for shaded walkways. Recent research shows a lack of data and in-depth studies on the built environment promoting walkability in such climates, creating a research gap this study aims to fill. Using Singapore as a case study, four locations—Marina Bay, Orchard Road, Boat Quay, and Chinatown—were surveyed and analyzed through visual decoding and questionnaires. Results show that natural light is the most frequently observed and important element in pedestrian pathway design in tropical and humid areas. Trees and sidewalks are also important in creating a walk-friendly environment. Green spaces significantly influence the desire to walk, though no clear positive outcomes were found. Additionally, “Other Emotions” negatively affect the decision to walk, suggesting these should be avoided in future pedestrian pathway designs to encourage walking.
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Strategic Approach of Reverse Logistics Management for Recyclable Waste and Transportation: A Systematic Review
(2026-01-01)
Chounchaisit, Pornarit
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Suphavarophas, Phattranis
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Bunyarittikit, Suphat
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Nanta, Piyarat
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Khwansuwan, Poon
Strategic reverse logistics management is a key driver of sustainability in supply chains, where challenges in recyclable waste must be aligned with transportation systems to achieve optimal outcomes. A systematic review using the PRISMA methodology was conducted in December 2024 by searching Scopus, Google Scholar, and Thai Journals Online to examine the global research landscape and the strategic approaches applied in reverse logistics for recyclable waste and transportation. Analysis of 32 publications shows a steady rise in research, with most studies in Asia and dispersed across multiple journals, reflecting the field’s multidisciplinary nature. Four strategic approaches were identified. Model-driven approaches demonstrate strong capability through mathematical, computational, conceptual, and hybrid models, achieving reductions of 44% in climate impacts and 34% in costs. Technology-driven approaches contribute innovations to enhance battery transport safety. Exploratory approaches reveal contextual policy gaps and financial limitations. Hybrid approaches can improve efficiency and reduce CO<inf>2</inf> emissions. The future development of hybrid approaches still offers substantial room for broader application and deeper integration. This review supports the development of more effective systems, policies, and future research.
1
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Generative Design Process for Alternative Creation of Architectural Design: Application of Willis Tower Shading Analysis Case Study
(2023-01-01)
Suphavarophas, Phattranis
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Keonil, Nuchnapang
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Bunyarittikit, Suphat
Generative design is a type of popular computational design providing a simple alternative design that is important instance to architectural design. This study aimed to examine generative design process to better understanding, and building an instruction set by repeat experiment methodology through case study. Willis Tower Shading Analysis was applied using variables that cause differences design options of nine sorted tubes alternate automation tower of 30-, 60- and 90-meters height. Forty-five design options were generated from generative design process, selected variables used in design options including building area, shadow area, neighbor building overshadowing and park overshadowing. It was found that generative design was a quick, modest and practical process that was easy for appropriate analysis. Additionally, input data and instruction for generating multiple output design options could be set for selecting of an option and the process could be reversed for designers required options.
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Exterior Biophilic Design Attributes Supporting Urban Mental Well-Being: A Case Study of Singapore’s Architecture
(2026-02-01)
Bunyarittikit, Suphat
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Wongvorachan, Tarid
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Petlai, Taksaporn
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Somngam, Panyaphat
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Ratanapong, Naipai
The biophilic city concept has been proposed as an approach to mitigate the negative impacts of urban growth under global warming, which increasingly affects people’s mental health. As architecture occupies a substantial proportion of urban areas, biophilic architecture plays a crucial role in supporting urban well-being, contributing to sustainable development in line with Sustainable Development Goal 3 (SDG 3) (Good Health and Well-being). Previous studies have identified a research gap regarding the integration of exterior biophilic architectural attributes within urban contexts. Therefore, this study aims to identify exterior biophilic architectural attributes that can enhance urban mental well-being, using buildings in Singapore as case studies. A questionnaire survey was conducted to evaluate architectural attributes and people’s emotional responses, with the aim of analyzing their relationships. The results indicate that exterior biophilic architectural attributes contribute unequally to urban mental well-being. Natural features emerged as the most influential attribute, exerting comprehensive positive effects on attentiveness, inspiration, and self-assurance. Natural forms and natural colors also demonstrated significant contributions by promoting relaxation, cognitive engagement, and inspiration. In addition, natural spaces supported attentiveness and confidence, while natural materials, despite being less prevalent, exhibited strong qualitative effects on inspiration and psychological security. Accordingly, this study provides biophilic architectural design guidelines that support the mental sustainability of urban populations affected by global warming.
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Bunyarittikit, Suphat

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