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Coexistent infection event of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, porcine circovirus type 2 and Pasteurella multocida in swine
(2024-07-01)
Thammakarn, C.
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Pham, H. S.H.
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Kaewhom, P.
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Klompanya, A.
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Srikijkasemwat, K.
Result elucidated the instances of concurrent infections by crucial pathogens in pigs, which is adversely impacted the herd's health status on a farm located in the Rachaburi province of Thailand. The farm which accommodated a population of 700 sows had found its fattening pig units exhibited unsatisfactory growth performance and an inconsistent size appearance. The serum samples underwent the testing via enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, unveiled a substantial antibody response to the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). The finding strongly indicated the prevalence of PRRSV infection within the farm. Furthermore, analysis of lymph node samples confirmed the presence of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) through conventional polymerase chain reaction. The bacterial culture carried out on lung samples which detected an infection caused by Pasteurella multocida. In summary, the investigation is conclusively established the occurrence of a mixed infection involving both viruses and bacteria on this farm, specifically PRRSV, PCV2, and P. multocida. The report is illustrated the possibility of multiple infections by viruses and bacteria, which can potentially undermine the efficacy of vaccinations and cause severe clinical signs on the farm.
1
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Amla extract's impact on pre-weaning piglet diarrhea: An investigation into the therapeutic potential of Indian Gooseberry (Phyllanthus emblica L.)
(2024-03-01)
Thammakarn, C.
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Kaewhom, P.
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Klompanya, A.
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Srikijkasemwat, K.
The crude extract of Amla was found to be effective in treating pre-weaning piglet diarrhea. In this study, the group given a 25% extract concentration showed the most rapid recovery (4.80±0.57 days) and highest body weight gain (3240.00±45.83 g/piglet) over 15 days, outperforming the control group. Additionally, treatment costs were significantly lower in the 25% Amla crude extract group (0.039 USD per piglet) compared to the control group (0.052 USD per piglet). These findings suggested that Amla crude extract could be a cost-efficient alternative for managing pre-weaning piglet diarrhea, especially at a 25% concentration. Moreover, it addressed the issues of treatment expenses and antimicrobial resistance.
2
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Effects of partial substitution of feed with spent coffee grounds on growth performance and carcass quality in broilers
(2024-03-01)
Klompanya, A.
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Mitchaothai, J.
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Thammakarn, C.
The research findings found that the spent coffee grounds (SCG) substitution with 5% and 10% in feed (SCG-5 and SCG-10) which exhibited significant (P<0.01) effect on average daily gain with 80.82 and 66.84 g/day as compared to 0% substitution (SCG-0), which 88.62 g/day. While the the affecting on feed conversion ratio was shown in SCG-10 (2.05), which significantly (P<0.01) higher than SCG-5 (1.78) and SCG-0 (1.73). Similar to the carcass quality, SCG-10 was significantly (P<0.01) exhibited lower carcass weight (2,023.38 g) than SCG-5 and SCG-0 (2,267.48 and 2,319.70, respectively). However, there was no significant difference in the percentage of the carcass. Furthermore, substituting SCG in the feed had no impact on the weight of major muscles, such as the breast and thigh muscles. The inclusion of SCG-10 and SCG-5 was significantly increased in liver weight (P<0.05). However, only a high substitution rate of 10% SCG was significantly decreased in abdominal fat (P<0.01) as compared to the inclusion levels of 5% and 0% in the feed. In conclusion, substituting 5% SCG into the feed had shown to be a marginal impact on production efficiency, while a 10% SCG substitution rate distinctly influenced both production efficiency and carcass quality.
6
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The utilization of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) and narrowleaf cattail (Typha angustifolia) as an alternative litter material on growth performance of broilers
(2023-07-01)
Klompanya, A.
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Srikijkasemwat, K.
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Sitthigripong, R.
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Mitrchaothai, J.
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Thammakarn, C.
The findings suggested that water hyacinth and cattail litter can be a viable alternative to rice husk as a litter material for broiler production. The results indicated that there were not significant differences in growth performance of broilers when using water hyacinth and cattail litter compared to rice husk. The discovery was significantly found in rice husk to be costly, particularly in certain seasons or regions, and may impact the cost of broiler production. Moreover, the combined material of water hyacinth and cattail (in a ratio of 1:1) resulted in better growth performance (p<0.05) than rice husk while not causing any negative effects on broiler health. It showed that the combined material may provide a more cost-effective and sustainable option for broiler litter material. Overall, using water hyacinth and cattail litter either alone or in combination may offer a promising alternative to rice husk for broiler production. By using this alternative material, poultry producers can potentially reduce production costs, particularly when rice husk is expensive or scarce. Therefore, these results may provide useful insights for poultry producers looking to minimize production costs while maintaining broiler health and growth performance.
2
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Effect of strain and gender on production performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of broiler chickens
(2022-03-01)
Kamporn, K.
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Deeden, B.
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Klompanya, A.
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Setakul, J.
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Chaosap, C.
The effects of strain and gender on production performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality of broiler chickens were examined. There were no significant interactions between broiler strain and gender (P>0.05). Arbor Acres showed significantly higher body weight (BW) and average daily gain (ADG), while feed intake (FI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were significantly lower than Ross308 and Cobb500, especially in the fifth and sixth weeks of age. Arbor Acres also showed the highest slaughter weight (P<0.05). However, carcass composition was not significantly different between strains. There were no significant differences between the strains in muscle pH, drip loss and cooking loss. However, Cobb500 had a lower shear force value than the others (P<0.05). As for the gender-specific effect, BW and ADG of male broilers were higher than those of females from the second to the sixth week of age (P<0.01). At the second week of age, female broilers had higher FI, while male broilers had higher FI from the third to the sixth week of age (P<0.01). Male broilers had lower FCR than females from the fourth to the sixth week of age (P<0.01). Male broilers had higher slaughter weight, carcass weight and carcass composition weight (P<0.01) except for abdominal fat (P>0.05). Percent carcass composition did not differ among broiler strains except for percent tenderloin and percent abdominal fat, which were higher in females than males (P<0.01). Broiler strains had no effect on meat quality except that Cobb500 had lower shear force (P<0.05). The pH3, pH24 and yellowness color values had differed between genders, which male muscle had higher pH3 (P<0.05), pH24 (P<0.01) than female but female muscle had higher yellowness value than male (P<0.05). Interaction effect between breed and gender was found in lightness (P<0.01) and redness colors (P<0.05).
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Influence of age on the incidence of wooden breast and white striping, carcass composition, meat physicochemical property, texture profile, and chemical composition of broiler chickens
(2022-01-01)
Jumanee, S.
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Chaosap, C.
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Sivapirunthep, P.
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Klompanya, A.
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Setakul, J.
The effects of the age at 43 and 51 days on the incidence of wooden breast (WB) and white striping (WS), carcass composition, meat physicochemical property, textural profile, and chemical composition of broiler chickens were investigated. The frequency and percentage of WB and severity of WS did not differ between age groups. Live weight and carcass weight were affected by age, except the carcass composition percentages. Breast, thigh, wing, and leg weights were not differences between groups. However, the percentage of the thigh was higher in broilers at 51 days of age than at 43 days of age. The percentage of meat physicochemical properties; pH3 and pH24 of broilers at 43 days of age were higher than those at 51 days of age (P<0.01). Broiler meat at 51 days of age had statistically significant higher a∗value, while L∗, b∗, chroma, and hue values were not significant differences. There were not significant differences in drip loss percentage, cooking loss percentage, and shear force value. Hardness, gumminess, and chewiness were higher in 51-day-old broilers than 43-day-old broilers (P<0.05), except the cohesiveness of cooked meat of 51-day-old broilers was higher than that of 43-day-old broilers (P>0.05). For meat chemical composition, the different age groups did not affect the chemical composition, but only the percentage fat content of 51-day-old broilers tended to be higher than that of 43-day-old broilers.
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Effects of dietary crude protein level and stocking density on growth performance, nutrient retention, blood profiles, and carcass weight of growing-meat quails
(2019-12-01)
Boontiam, W.
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Sangsoponjit, S.
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Klompanya, A.
Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of stocking density on growing-meat quail perform-ance (experiment I) and the effect of dietary crude protein (CP) levels and stocking density on growth per-formance, nutrient retention, blood metabolites, and carcass weight of growing-meat quails under high am-bient temperature (experiment II). Three hundred and eighty male growing-meat quails were raised under 4 different stocking densities of 13, 17, 21, and 25 quails per cage (experiment I). Each treatment was per-formed in 5 replicates using a completely randomized design. In experiment II, 600 male growing-meat quails were assigned to 6 treatments (5 replicates) with 2 stocking densities (17 and 23 quails per cage) and 3 levels of CP (20, 22, and 24%) in a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement. In experiment I, the growing quails raised at 25 birds per cage had lighter body weight (BW) and body weight gain (BWG) than those at 13 and 17 quails per cage (P<0.05). Linear reductions in BW (P=0.008), feed intake (P=0.033), and BWG (P=0.012) as increasing stocking density were detected. In experiment II, CP levels and stocking density had no effect on growth performance, nutrient retention, blood profiles, and relative carcass weight (P>0.05). However, a 20% CP level significantly increased CP digestibility and decreased uric acid concentration compared to 24% CP (P<0.05). Furthermore, increased relative breast weight was detected in the quails raised under a high stocking density (P<0.05). The growing-meat quails have enhanced growth performance at the density of 32.10 to 51.85 birds/m2. With a 20% CP diet, increased growth performance and CP digestibility were observed.

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