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    A Simple and Rapid Synthesis of Spherical Silver Phosphate (Ag3PO4) and Its Antimicrobial Activity in Plant Tissue Culture
    (2025-08-01)
    Laohavisuti, Nongnuch
    ;
    Boonchom, Banjong
    ;
    Rungrojchaipon, Pesak
    ;
    Boonmee, Wimonmat
    ;
    Seesanong, Somkiat
    A simple and rapid precipitation process was successfully employed to prepare silver phosphate (SP, Ag<inf>3</inf>PO<inf>4</inf>). Two different phosphate sources: diammonium hydrogen phosphate ((NH<inf>4</inf>)<inf>2</inf>HPO<inf>4</inf>) and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate (K<inf>2</inf>HPO<inf>4</inf>) were applied separately as the precursor, obtaining ((NH<inf>4</inf>)<inf>2</inf>HPO<inf>4</inf>)<sup>−</sup> and K<inf>2</inf>HPO<inf>4</inf><sup>−</sup> derived SP powders, named SP-A or SP-P, respectively. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra pointed out the vibrational characteristics of P–O and O–P–O interactions, confirming the presence of the PO43– functional group for SP. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns revealed that the SP crystallized in a cubic crystal structure. Whereas the field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) exposed spherical SP particles. The potentially antibacterial activity of SP-A and SP-P against bacterial Bacillus stratosphericus, yeast Meyerozyma guilliermondii, and fungal Phanerodontia chrysosporium was subsequently investigated. All studied microorganisms were recovered and isolated from the aquatic plant during the tissue culture process. The preliminary result of the antimicrobial test revealed that SP-A has higher antimicrobial activity than SP-P. The superior antimicrobial efficiency of SP-A compared to SP-P may be attributed to its purity and crystallite size, which provide a higher surface area and more active sites. In addition, the presence of potassium-related impurities in SP-P could have negatively affected its antimicrobial performance. These findings suggest that SP holds potential as an antimicrobial agent for maintaining sterility in tissue cultures, particularly in aquatic plant systems. The growth of both B. stratosphericus and M. guilliermondii was suppressed effectively at 30 ppm SP-A, whereas 10 ppm of SP-A can suppress P. chrysosporium development. This present work also highlights the potential of SP at very low concentrations (10–30 ppm) for utilization as an effective antimicrobial agent in tissue culture, compared to a commercial antimicrobial agent, viz., acetic acid, at the same concentration.
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    Effect of BA and IBA on micropropagation of Cannabis sativa L. ‘Hang Kra Rog’
    (2024-09-01)
    Singhavorachai, P.
    ;
    Deewatthanawong, R.
    ;
    Montri, N.
    ‘Hang Kra Rog’ is an original Thai strain of cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.). Tissue culture methods can rapidly propagate disease-free plants. This study optimized the protocol for surface sterilization and in vitro plant regeneration from explant nodal segments for the propagation of cannabis on an industrial scale. Various Clorox concentrations and soaking periods were used for surface sterilization, with different concentrations of BA and IBA plant growth regulators added to the basal medium for micropropagation of C. sativa L. using nodal explant culture. Results showed that 10% Clorox for 20 min followed by 5% Clorox for 20 min gave the highest explant survival at 75%. Optimal shoot and root development occurred when enriched with 0.5 mg L<sup>-1</sup> IBA, resulting in 1.00 shoots, 3.10 roots, 9.97 leaves, and a shoot length of 4.74 cm. The 2 mg L<sup>-1</sup> BA yielded the highest number of shoots at 1.87 shoots and resulted in a large callus size of 1.19 cm and callus fresh weight of 0.32 g.
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    Effect of plant growth regulators on in vitro seedling growth of Papilionanthe hookeriana (Rchb.f.) Schltr.
    (2023-02-01)
    Montri, N.
    ;
    Charoensrimuang, S.
    ;
    Deewatthanawong, R.
    ;
    Montri, W.
    ;
    Bunya-Atichart, K.
    The effect of plant growth regulators on the in vitro seedling growth of Papilionanthe hookeriana (Rchb.f.) Schltr. was evaluated. The protocorms were cultured in VW media supplemented with combinations of indole acetic acid (IAA) and thidiazuron (TDZ) at the concentrations of 0, 0.1 and 0.2 mg L<sup>-1</sup>. The 2 leaf stage seedlings were cultured on VW media supplemented with cytokinins; 6-furfurylaminopurine (kinetin: K), benzyladenine (BA) and TDZ or auxins; IAA, indole-3-butyric-acid (IBA), α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) at the concentrations of 0, 2 and 4 mg L<sup>-1</sup> for 2 months. The results found that combinations of IAA and TDZ had higher protocorm fresh weight when compared with control. Adding with 0.1 and 0.2 mg L<sup>-1</sup> IAA alone were promoted protocorm fresh weight. On the other hand, combinations of 0.1 mg L<sup>-1</sup> IAA and 0.2 mg L<sup>-1</sup> TDZ also improved the fresh weight number. The combinations of TDZ and IAA treatments were achieved for the number of 1<sup>st</sup> stage protocorm. For 2 leaf stage seedling culture, treated with cytokinins was not significantly different in shoot length, seedling fresh weight and leaf number. However, cytokinins suppressed root number compared to untreated. The maximum root numbers at 4.21 roots were found in free cytokinins medium. Seedling fresh weight and leaf numbers were significantly increased when increased the concentration of auxins. Our results indicated that auxins and cytokinins played an instrumental role for P. hookeriana seedling growth.
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    Tissue culture system using a PANDA ring resonator and wavelength router for hydroponic plant
    (2012-06-12)
    Kamoldilok, Surachart
    ;
    Suwanpayak, Nathaporn
    ;
    Suttirak, Saisudawan
    ;
    Yupapin, Preecha P.
    A novel system of nanofluidics trapping and delivery, which is known as a tissue culture system is proposed. By using the intense optical pulse(i.e., a soliton pulse) and a system constructed by a liquid core waveguide, the optical vortices (gradient optical fields/wells) can be generated, where the trapping tools in the same way as the optical tweezers in the PANDA ring resonator can be formed. By controlling the suitable parameters, the intense optical vortices can be generated within the PANDA ring resonator, in which the nanofluidics can be trapped and moved (transported) dynamically within the Tissue culture system(a wavelength router), which can be used for tissue culture and delivery in the hydroponic plant system. © 2011 IEEE.