Now showing 1 - 10 of 15
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    Item type:Publication,
    Cascadable First-Order and Second-Order Inverse Filters Based on Second-Generation Voltage Conveyors
    (2025-02-01) ;
    Likhitkitwoerakul, Nutcha
    ;
    ;
    Faseehuddin, Mohammad
    ;
    This study introduces four novel configurations of first-order and second-order multifunction inverse filters in both voltage-mode (VM) and current-mode (CM) using second-generation voltage conveyors (VCIIs). The first-order VM and CM inverse filters utilize only three passive components together with one VCII for VM and two VCIIs for CM realizations, which can provide lowpass and highpass inverse filter responses. The latter, second-order VM and CM multifunction inverse filters, can be constructed using the corresponding first-order inverse filters as their core circuits. These filters offer all the basic inverse filter functions, including lowpass, bandpass, and highpass inverse responses with all gains obtained from the same design. All the inverse filter realizations are cascadable. No component matching requirements are necessary for all filter responses. The non-ideal effects of the VCII on the performance of the proposed inverse filters are thoroughly examined. To prove the feasibility of the designs, the PSPICE program performed several simulations, utilizing model parameters of 0.18 µm CMOS technology. Some testing experiments were conducted using the commercially available IC-type AD844s for evaluating the practical performance of the designed inverse filters.
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    Item type:Publication,
    Novel Minimum Component Dual Mode Biquadratic SIMO Filter with Electronic Tunability
    (2024-01-01)
    Srivastava, Abhishek
    ;
    Prasad, Harishchandra
    ;
    Singh, Umesh
    ;
    Om Mishra, Shri
    ;
    Faseehuddin, Mohammad
    Two topologies of minimum component single input multiple output (SIMO) filters are designed by employing a versatile active building block (ABB), the current conveyor transconductance amplifier (CCTA). The proposed filters work in current mode (CM) and trans-admittance mode (TAM). The CM SIMO filter is designed using two CCTA and two grounded capacitors. The CM filter can be converted to TAM filter just by adding a grounded resistor without any change in the topology. There is no need of passive component matching, and the filters provide all the five responses namely, high-pass (HP), band-pass (BP), low-pass (LP), all-pass (AP), and band-stop (BS) simultaneously. In addition, it provides an independent electronic tunability of angular frequency (ω) and quality factor (Q). The active and passive sensitivities of the filter parameters are low. In CM mode the filter offers low input impedances and high output impedances and in TAM mode the filter offers high input impedance and hight output impedance that support the cascadeability. The CM and TAM filters are designed for a frequency 16.23MHz and the simulation results employing 0.18 µm CMOS technology parameters at a supply voltage of ±1.25 V are obtained using Cadence software to validate the proposed design. Also, the proposed CM SIMO universal filter has been implemented in hardware to confirm its practicality. The commercially available integrated circuits (ICs), the current feedback operational amplifier (AD844) and operational transconductance amplifier (CA3080) and employed for the experimental validation.
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    Item type:Publication,
    Minimum Component Truly Mixed Mode First Order Universal Filter Employing EXCCTA
    (2023-01-01)
    Perumal, Srideviponmalar
    ;
    Faseehuddin, Mohammad
    ;
    Kukker, Amit
    ;
    Shireen, Sadia
    ;
    A mixed mode first order universal filter (FO-UF) has been proposed in this study. One Extra X Current Conveyor Transconductance Amplifier (EXCCTA), one capacitor and two resistors are used to design the filter. The main attributes of the filter include (i) electronic tunability (ii) ability to work in all four modes of operation (iii) cascadability (iv) availability of low pass (LP), high pass (HP) and all pass (AP) responses simultaneously. By incorporating the filter to design the second order current mode and trans-admittance mode filters, the filter's practicability is investigated. To determine how component spread and frequency-dependent current and voltage transfer gains affect the filter's operation, non-ideal analysis is conducted. The layout of the EXCCTA occupies an area of 51.47*23.33μm2 and it is designed and validated using 180nm GPDK in Cadence software. The FO-UF functions at ±1.25V supply at a frequency of 16.23MHz. Experimental analysis using off the shelf integrated circuits (ICs), the AD844 and CA3080 is also conducted to validate the proposed design.
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    Item type:Publication,
    VDTA-Based Mixed-Mode Inverse Filter and Its Application to Mixed-Mode PID Controller
    (2026-04-01) ; ;
    Faseehuddin, Mohammad
    ;
    This paper presents a novel voltage differencing transconductance amplifier (VDTA)-based mixed-mode inverse filter capable of operating in voltage mode, transadmittance mode, transimpedance mode, and current mode using a single topology. The proposed configuration employs only three VDTAs with two resistors and three capacitors, offering low component count, high input/output impedance flexibility, and no requirement for component matching. It simultaneously realizes first-order inverse lowpass and highpass, as well as second-order inverse bandpass responses. A comprehensive non-ideal analysis, which includes the effects of VDTA parasitic impedances, determines the practical operating frequency range. The design is validated through PSPICE simulations using 0.18 μm CMOS technology, showing close alignment between theoretical predictions and simulation results, with cutoff frequencies of approximately 1.60 MHz and low power consumption of 0.972 mW. Further analyses confirm orthogonal tuning capability, acceptable temperature stability, and robustness against component tolerances. In a practical application, the proposed inverse filter is employed to implement a mixed-mode PID controller, which significantly improves transient response characteristics by reducing rise time, settling time, and steady-state error. These findings highlight the effectiveness and versatility of the proposed design for analog signal processing and control system applications.
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    Item type:Publication,
    Grounded Series and Parallel RL/RC Immittance Simulators Using a Single Second-Generation Voltage Conveyor
    (2026-01-01) ;
    Tangjit, Jetwara
    ;
    ;
    Faseehuddin, Mohammad
    ;
    This work proposes the active simulation of grounded series and parallel resistive-inductive (RL) and resistive-capacitive (RC) immittance functions employing a single second-generation voltage conveyor (VCII) and three passive components. The two configurations are designed for series RL and RC immittance simulation and RL and parallel RC immittance simulation, respectively. All of the simulated immittance functions can be realized without any specific component matching or cancellation limitations. The proposed series and parallel RL and RC immittance function simulators have been simulated with PSPICE program based on 0.18 µm CMOS process parameters to validate the theoretical study. The first-order inverse filters, biquadratic filter, and synthetic lossless inductor applications, constructed with the proposed simulator circuits, are designed and evaluated to further demonstrate the practical usefulness of the designed simulators.
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    Item type:Publication,
    Truly Mixed-Mode Universal Filter Capable of Operation in MISO and SIMO Configurations with Quadrature Oscillator as an Application
    (2026-01-01)
    Faseehuddin, Mohammad
    ;
    Sivagami, P.
    ;
    Shireen, Sadia
    ;
    A versatile mixed-mode universal filter with electronic tunability is proposed in this research. The filter employs a modified differential voltage current conveyor transconductance amplifier (M-DVCCTA) as the active block. Without modifying the circuit topology, the mixed mode filter operates in single input multi-output (SIMO) and multi input single output (MISO) configurations. In addition, as an application the proposed filter is configured as a dual-mode quadrature oscillator. The designed filter can implement all five generic filter functions in voltage-mode (VM), current-mode (CM), transimpedance-mode (TIM), and transadmittance-mode (TAM). The filter design requires two M-DVCCTAs, two grounded capacitors and three resistors for implementation. To obtain VM and TIM outputs in SIMO configuration, three extra resistors are necessary. All the resistors used are active MOSFET-based resistors with variable resistance. The parasitic, non-ideal gain, and sensitivity analysis are conducted to gauge the effects of process variations and passive components spread on the filter performance. The circuit implementation and layout design of the M-DVCCTA is done in Cadence Virtuoso using 0.18-µm GPDK. The M-DVCCTA occupies an area of 63.71 * 45.66 µm<sup>2</sup>. The filters and oscillator are tested at a frequency of 3.98 MHz at ± 0.9 V supply voltage. The Monte Carlo analysis, processes corner analysis and total harmonic distortion analysis are performed to examine the robustness of the proposed designs. The simulation and theoretical results show good correlation.
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    Item type:Publication,
    Tunable mixed-mode voltage differencing buffered amplifier-based universal filter with independently high-q factor controllability
    (2021-10-01) ;
    Faseehuddin, Mohammad
    ;
    Herencsar, Norbert
    ;
    This paper proposes the design of a mixed-mode universal biquad configuration, which realizes generic filter functions in all four possible modes, namely voltage mode (VM), current mode (CM), transadmittance mode (TAM), and transimpedance mode (TIM). The filter architecture employs two voltage differencing buffered amplifiers (VDBAs), two resistors and two capacitors, and can provide lowpass (LP), bandpass (BP), highpass (HP), bandstop (BS), and allpass (AP) bi-quadratic filtering responses without any circuit alteration. All passive elements used are grounded, except VM. The circuit not only allows for the electronic tuning of the natural angular frequency (ωo), but also achieves orthogonal tunability of the quality factor (Q). It also provides the feature of availability of output voltage at the low-output impedance terminal in VM and TIM, and does not require inverting-type or double-type input signals to realize all the responses. Moreover, in all modes of operation, the high-Q filter can be easily obtained by adjusting a single resistance value. Influences of the VDBA nonidealities and parasitic elements are also discussed in detail. PSPICE simulations with TSMC 0.18-µm CMOS process parameters and experimental testing results with commercially available IC LT1228s have been used to validate the theoretical predictions.
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    Item type:Publication,
    CNTFET Based Design of Optimized High Frequency VCII and Its Application as Mixed Mode Universal Filter Suitable for VHF Band
    (2025-03-01)
    Khole, Smita
    ;
    Bhanja, Mousumi
    ;
    Faseehuddin, Mohammad
    ;
    Shireen, Sadia
    ;
    In this research, Carbon Nanotube Field-effect Transistors (CNTFETs) are employed in the design of a second-generation Voltage Conveyor (VCII), an analog block. The aim of this research is to study CNTFETs as an alternative to CMOS for designing high-frequency and low-voltage circuits. The complete design procedure for VCII and its two variants, namely, modified VCII (M-VCII) and VCII minus (VCII−) is presented. This work incorporates variations in the design variables of CNTFETs, including pitch, the number of tubes, and the diameter of carbon nanotubes (CNT). The study explores the impact of these variations on the critical performance parameters of the CNTFETs. The optimal values of the design variables for each transistor are calculated through extensive simulation analysis using the Verilog-A semi-empirical Stanford Virtual-Source Carbon Nanotube Field-Effect Transistor model. The CNTFET-based VCII and its variants are optimized and validated at the supply voltage of ±0.9 V. The CNTFET-based VCII exhibits improved voltage and current bandwidths of 1.4 and 1 THz, respectively. The input/output impedance and power dissipation also validate improvement compared to CMOS implementation. To verify the performance of the proposed VCII and its variants, they are used in the design of a mixed-mode universal filter (MMUF). The proposed filter is designed for a cut-off frequency of 79 MHz and consumes 7.368 mW of power. The effects of parameter variations and noise on the VCII design are also discussed.
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    Item type:Publication,
    Electronically Tunable Multifunction Current Mode Filter Employing Grounded Capacitors
    (2022-12-01)
    Fathima, Rani
    ;
    Perumal, Srideviponmalar
    ;
    Muniyappan, Vadivel
    ;
    Faseehuddin, Mohammad
    ;
    In this paper, a new single input multi output (SIMO) filter is presented that works in current mode (CM). The universal filter is designed using a recently proposed highly versatile active building block the extra X current conveyor transconductance amplifier (EXCCTA). The design employs two EXCCTAs, two capacitors and one resistor. The designed filter uses grounded passive elements which is advantageous for fabrication. The design can provide all the five responses i.e., high-pass (HP), band-pass (BP), low-pass (LP), all-pass (AP), and band-stop (BS) simultaneously. In addition, it provides an independent electronic tunability of angular frequency (ω) and quality factor (Q). Moreover, there is no requirement of passive component matching. The non-ideal and sensitivity analysis of the filter is done to get a measure of the effect of the process and components variation on the functioning of the filter. The simulation results are obtained using Cadence software employing 0.18 μm CMOS technology parameters from Silterra Malaysia at a supply voltage of ±1.25 V also the layout of the EXCCTA is designed. The proposed filter is validated by designing it for a frequency of 16. 07MHz. Additionally, the Spice macro model of the commercially available integrated circuits (ICs) AD844 and LM13700 are used to further test the feasibility of the proposed filter.
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    Item type:Publication,
    VDTA-based floating/grounded series/parallel R-L and R-C immittance simulators with a single grounded capacitor
    (2023-02-01) ;
    Faseehuddin, Mohammad
    ;
    ;
    Herencsar, Norbert
    ;
    Active configurations for simulating floating/grounded series and parallel immittance functions based on voltage differencing transconductance amplifiers (VDTAs) are proposed. The grounded series and parallel immittance simulators presented here require only one VDTA, while the proposed floating ones only need two. Each of the suggested simulators uses a single grounded capacitor. The proposed topologies can imitate R-L and R-C immittances in both series and parallel types. All of the simulated equivalent elements are electronically adjustable through the VDTA's transconductance. Furthermore, no component-matching restrictions are imposed in order to achieve the appropriate immittance function. Applications of the proposed VDTA-based immittance simulators include bandpass filter and quadrature oscillator implementations. The behaviors of the proposed circuits and their applications are evaluated by PSPICE simulations and experimental observations using VDTA implemented with commercially available CA3080 type OTAs.