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    Automated Elderly-Tracking Robot Prototype Using an AI-Based Vision Camera
    (2026-01-01)
    Pimpol, Jirapun
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    Mongkolwai, Pratya
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    This paper presents the design and implementation of an automated elderly-tracking robot prototype that integrates an AI-based HuskyLens vision sensor with ultrasonic sensors for target detection, tracking, and obstacle avoidance. Sensor data are processed by an Arduino UNO microcontroller, which controls TorqueNADO motors to achieve autonomous navigation and real-time motion control. The system also incorporates an ESP32-CAM module to provide live video streaming of the elderly user via the Blynk smartphone application, enabling remote monitoring over the Internet. In addition, the prototype supports a maximum payload of 3 kg for carrying essential lightweight items for elderly users. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed robot meets the intended design objectives and validates the practical feasibility of the system.
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    Grounded Parallel RL, RC, and LC Immittance Simulators Using VDBAs and Passive Elements
    (2022-01-01)
    Mongkolwai, Pratya
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    ; ;
    This communication suggests a grounded parallel RL, RC, and LC immittance simulator. In this circuit, two voltage differencing buffered amplifiers (VDBAs) with two passive components are proposed. The VDBA device's transconductance gain can be used to electronically adjust the realized equivalent resistance (Req), inductance (Leq), and capacitance (Ceq), which is conditional on the choice of the passive element. The effect of the VDBA's non-idealities on the realized simulator is studied in this research. The second order voltage mode bandpass filter is realized using the proposed active LC parallel simulator, which is simulated using the PSPICE simulation program to ensure that it operates as desired.
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    Dual-Mode Biquadratic Filter Employing Second-Generation Voltage Conveyors DM Biquadratic Filter Employing VCIIs
    (2024-02-21) ;
    Mongkolwai, Pratya
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    ;
    In this paper, a dual-mode biquadratic filter is suggested. The proposed filter employs two Second-Generation Voltage Conveyors (VCIIs) along with four resistors and two capacitors. The suggested filter can realize all five standard biquadratic filter functions such as lowpass (LP), bandpass (BP), highpass (HP), bandstop (BS), and allpass (AP) in both voltage-mode (VM) and current-mode (CM) without needing to modify its circuit structure. The quality factor (Q) and natural angular frequency (ωo) can be accurately and separately controlled through the passive component. It additionally offers the capability of providing the output voltage at the low-output impedance terminal in VM. The effects of the VCII non-idealities on the filter performance have been analyzed in detail. The proposed filter also offers low active and passive sensitivity features. Simulation results achieved with PSPICE software using TSMC CMOS 0.18 μm parameter have been validated and compared with the theoretical findings.
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    CFTA-based current multiplier/divider circuit
    (2011-12-01)
    Mongkolwai, Pratya
    ;
    In this paper, the design of a simple analog current-mode multiplier/divider circuit using only two current follower transconductance amplifiers (CFTAs) is presented. With the selection of the applied input currents, the proposed circuit can perform four-quadrant current multiplication, division and current-controlled current amplification, all from the same circuit configuration. The circuit is also insensitive to ambient temperature variations. Additionally, the CFTA non-ideality effects and the non-ideal gain and parasitic component effects on the proposed circuit are studied. The performances of the realized circuit are examined by PSPICE simulations. © 2011 IEEE.
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    Simple current-mode analog multiplier, divider, square-rooter and squarer based on CDTAs
    (2011-03-01) ; ;
    Mongkolwai, Pratya
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    Surakampontorn, Wanlop
    In this paper, the design of simple analog current-mode multiplier, divider, square-rooter and squarer circuits using only two current differencing transconductance amplifiers (CDTAs) is proposed. With the selection of the applied input currents, the proposed circuit can perform four-quadrant current multiplication, division and current-controlled current amplification, without changing its configuration. Moreover, the current-mode square-rooter and squarer circuits can easily be obtained with the possibility of electronically transfer gain adjustment by slight modification of the proposed configuration. All the proposed circuits are insensitive to ambient temperature variations. Additionally, the CDTA non-ideality effects on the proposed circuits are also investigated and discussed. The performances of the realized circuits are examined by PSPICE simulations. © 2010 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
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    Electronically Controllable Resistorless Dual-Mode Multifunction Filter
    (2017-01-01)
    Mongkolwai, Pratya
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    A circuit topology using two compact tunable transconductance cells (G<inf>m</inf>-cells) and three capacitors is presented for realization of an electronically tunable resistorless dual-mode multifunction filter. The presented multifunction filter can operate either in voltage-mode or current-mode, and can realize the highpass, bandpass and lowpass filter responses simultaneously. The filter parameters, i.e. the natural angular frequency (<inf>o</inf>) and the quality factor (Q), are electronically controllable by means of the transconductance gains. No element matching constraints are necessary, and the active and passive component sensitivities are low. PSPICE simulation results based on TSMC 0.25-m CMOS real process agree closely with the theoretical calculations.
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    Circular Object Sorting Machine with LabVIEW Software Control
    (2024-01-01)
    Mongkolwai, Pratya
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    Satansup, Jetsdaporn
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    Dumawipata, Teerasilapa
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    Nakroungsri, Teerapat
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    Laotuy, Monthathip
    This article describes a project to construct a circular object-sorting machine through the application of image-processing techniques. For the acquisition, processing, and transmission of data, LabVIEW (Laboratory Virtual Instrument Engineering Workbench) software is utilized. The operation of the sorting device is controlled by an Arduino microcontroller board, which is the Arduino Mega 2560. The project aims to efficiently separate circular objects by extracting color information, size measurements, and quantity data through image processing. The experimental results successfully demonstrate the sorting of circular objects and display color values, size measurements, and the number of sorted objects on an efficient LCD screen. The integration of LabVIEW and Arduino provides an effective solution for circular object sorting, aligning with the theoretical principles presented in the project.
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    Single-input three-output dual-mode universal biquad realization based on floating-current-source building blocks
    (2017-11-03)
    Mongkolwai, Pratya
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    Unhavanich, Sumalee
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    A novel dual-mode universal biquadraic filter with one input and three outputs is presented, which contains only two floating current sources (FCSs), and four external passive components. The presented filter exhibits the following properties : capable of working either voltage-mode or current-mode, electronically controllable of the natural angular frequency (Ω<inf>o</inf>) by means of the transconductance gains, independent grounded-resistance control of the quality factor (Q), simultaneous realization of all the three basic filtering signals, no component matching constraints and low active and passive component sensitivities. To confirm the theory, the proposed circuit is simulated with PSPICE program using TSMC 0.25-μm CMOS technology.
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    Electronically tunable impedance multiplier using VDTAs
    (2015-08-17)
    Yaruan, Panurut
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    Mongkolwai, Pratya
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    This paper describes a simple circuit configuration for realizing an impedance multiplier using VDTAs (voltage differencing transconductance amplifier) as active components. The proposed impedance multiplier circuit contains only two VDTAs along with external impedance under control. The equivalent value of the realized multiplier can be tuned electronically through the transconductance parameters of the VDTAs. The characteristic of the proposed circuit is demonstrated using PSPICE simulation with TSMC 0.35-μm CMOS technology.
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    Generalized impedance function simulator using voltage differencing buffered amplifiers (VDBAs)
    (2016-01-01)
    Mongkolwai, Pratya
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    A circuit topology for simulating grounded inductor, capacitance multiplier and frequency-dependent negative resistor (FDNR) depending on the passive component choice is presented. The presented general impedance function simulator employs two voltage differenclng buffered amplifiers (VDBAs) and three various passive components. The realized equivalent impedance values can be tuned electronically via the transconductance gains of the VDBAS. The simulator does not need any component matching constraints, and also exhibits low active and passive sensitivities. To verify the theory and to exhibit the circuit performance, computer simulation results using PSPICE are provided.