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    The Y3+ Donor-Doped CCTO (Ca0.95Y0.05Cu3Ti4O12) Dielectric Fillers for Electrical Output Enhancement of Flexible Triboelectric Nanogenerator
    (2026-06-03)
    Saichompoo, Kittipan
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    Rattanawongwiboon, Thitirat
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    Kingkam, Wilasinee
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    Pakawanit, Phakkhananan
    ;
    The escalating wearable electronic devices with their flexible energy sources demand has rendered the imperative scientific challenge on the development of materials for the flexible triboelectric nanogenerators (F-TENG), one of advanced energy harvesting systems. Dielectric material optimization, the Y<sup>3+</sup> donor-doped calcium copper titanate based on exactly stoichiometric Ca<inf>0.95</inf>Y<inf>0.05</inf>Cu<inf>3</inf>Ti<inf>4</inf>O<inf>12</inf> (CCTYO), serves as a critical pathway in this work for achieving enhanced F-TENG via compositing with the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) polymer. The enhancement of electrical output has garnered substantial interest owing to its increased relative permittivity ((Formula presented.)). The influence of the loaded CCTYO amounts on structure, morphologies, dielectric properties, and electrical output, including open-circuit voltage (V<inf>OC</inf>), short-circuit current (I<inf>SC</inf>) and power density for PDMS/CCTYO composites is investigated. As compared with loading undoped CCTO, the additional Y<sup>3+</sup> can improve higher F-TENG output by increasing the (Formula presented.) along with maintaining the loss tangent (tan δ < 0.02) at optimized condition. The appropriate amounts of CCTYO 0.75 wt% make the PDMS/CCTYO F-TENG to achieve V<inf>OC</inf> of ∼76.4 V (8.5 V/cm<sup>2</sup>) and I<inf>SC</inf> of ∼130.0 μA (14.4 μA/cm<sup>2</sup>), which were higher than pristine PDMS for 2.7 and 4.3 times. The power density of 53 µW/cm<sup>2</sup> is 8.9 times higher than that of 6.3 µW/cm<sup>2</sup> from the pristine PDMS. This study also provides a COMSOL multiphysics simulation, bridging laboratory experiments, for quantifying the triboelectric capability of dielectric materials.
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    Influence of Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3 on the phase transitions, electrical, and thermal properties of a PbZrO3 ceramic
    (2011-10-01) ; ;
    Niemcharoen, Surasak
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    ;
    The solid solution of a (1-x)PbZrO<inf>3</inf>-xPb(In<inf>1/2</inf>Nb <inf>1/2</inf>)O<inf>3</inf> (PZ-PIN) system, with x=0.00-0.50, was synthesized using the wolframite precursor method. The effects of the PIN content on the crystal structure, and the electrical and thermal properties of a PbZrO <inf>3</inf> ceramic were investigated using X-ray diffraction, dielectric spectroscopy, hysteresis measurement, and differential scanning calorimetry techniques. Furthermore, the morphology and grain size were determined using scanning electron microscopy. The results indicated that the pure perovskite phase was obtained for all compositions, and the solid solution, PZ-PIN, changed from orthorhombic to rhombohedral symmetry when the amount of PIN increased. A ferroelectric intermediate phase began to appear between the paraelectric and the antiferroelectric phases of pure PZ, with increasing PIN content. The temperature range width of the ferroelectric phase also increased continuously with increasing PIN. At room temperature, the polymorphic phase transition (PPT) was identified from the orthorhombic to the rhombohedral phase in (1-x)PZ-xPIN at the composition, x=0.40. The ceramics (x=0.40) with PPT close to room temperature exhibited excellent electrical properties (ε<inf>rmax</inf>= 33240 and P<inf>r</inf>=26.94 μC/cm<sup>2</sup>). © 2011 The American Ceramic Society.
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    High piezoelectric response in lead free 0.9BaTiO3-(0.1-x)CaTiO3-xBaSnO3 solid solution
    (2017-08-01)
    Mayamae, Jitkasem
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    ; ;
    Bongkarn, Theerachai
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    Lead free piezoelectric in the ternary system of 0.9BaTiO<inf>3</inf>-(0.1-x)CaTiO<inf>3</inf>-xBaSnO<inf>3</inf> [BCT-xBS], where x = 0.00–0.075, was fabricated via a conventional solid state reaction. The effect of substituting BCT with BS on the crystal structure as well as dielectric, ferroelectric and strain behavior was investigated systematically in order to search for outstanding actuating performances in lead free piezoelectric ceramics. A ferroelectric phase diagram of BT-CT-BS was established in this work, and a multi-ferroelectric phase composition was designed near ambient temperature, based on an established phase diagram. The BS substitute depressed the ferroelectric-paraelectric phase temperature slightly and raised the transition temperatures of O-T phase transformations, thus, the orthorhombic phase could be stabilized above the ambient temperature with x > 0.05. As a result, the polymorphic phase composition showed outstanding piezoelectric values of k<inf>p</inf> = 41.7%, d<inf>33</inf> = 469 pC/N and d<inf>33</inf><sup>*</sup> = 1335 pm/V@10 kV/cm, which are suitable for lead free piezoelectric actuator applications.
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    Item type:Publication,
    Effect of Pb(Y1/2Nb1/2)O3 additions on thermal and electrical properties of PbZrO3 ceramics
    (2011-07-29) ; ;
    Niemcharoen, Surasak
    ;
    ;
    The solid solution of a (1-x)PbZrO<inf>3</inf> - xPb(Y<inf>1/2</inf>Nb <inf>1/2</inf>)O<inf>3</inf> (PZ - PYN) system, with x = 0.00 - 0.08, was synthesized by the wolframite precursor method. The effects of PYN content on crystal structure, and electrical and thermal properties of PbZrO<inf>3</inf> ceramic were investigated. The crystal structure of sintered ceramics was characterized by X-ray diffraction. The pure perovskite phase was obtained for all compositions. The transition temperatures of the AFE to PE phase become lower with PYN increase. The dielectric properties of PZ were improved by the addition of PYN. Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
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    Dielectric, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of the lead free 0.9BaTiO3-(0.1- x)Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3- x Bi(Mg0.5Ti0.5)O3 solid solution
    (2016-01-02)
    Mayamae, Jitkasem
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    ;
    Niemchareon, Surasak
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    ;
    Solid solution of 0.9BaTiO<inf>3</inf>-(0.1-x)Bi<inf>0.5</inf>Na<inf>0.5</inf>TiO<inf>3</inf>-xBi(Mg<inf>0.5</inf>Ti<inf>0.5</inf>)O<inf>3</inf> (BT-BNT-xBMT) system, where x = 0.00, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.10, was synthesized by the solid state reaction. Dense BT-BNT-xBMT ceramics were obtained by sintering at 1,150-1,250C for 4 h. The effect of BMT on crystal structure and electrical property of BT-BNT ceramics was investigated as a function of composition, x, using X-ray diffraction, dielectric spectroscopy, hysteresis and strain measurements. The crystal structure of solid solution BT-BNT-xBMT, where x = 0.00-0.10, successively transforms from tetragonal to pseudocubic symmetry, with increased BMT concentration. Temperature dependence of dielectric constant (ε<inf>r</inf>) and dielectric loss (tanδ) for BT-BNT-xBMT at various frequencies showed that phase transition of ceramics changed from ferroelectric to relaxor-like behavior as BMT content increased. Furthermore, remanent polarization (P<inf>r</inf>), coercive field (E<inf>c</inf>) and the normalized strain (d<inf>33</inf>∗) of BT-BNT-xBMT ceramics tend to decrease with increasing BMT concentration.
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    Phase transition behavior of the (1-x) PbZrO 3-x Ba (Al 1/2 Nb 1/2) O 3 solid solution
    (2012-10-01) ; ; ;
    Niemcharoen, Surasak
    ;
    Solid solution of the (1-x)PbZrO <inf>3</inf>-xBa(Al <inf>1/2</inf>Nb <inf>1/2</inf>)O <inf>3</inf> system, with x = 0.02-0.30, was prepared using solid state reaction. The effect of Ba(Al <inf>1/2</inf>Nb <inf>1/2</inf>)O <inf>3</inf> on phase transitions and thermal and electrical properties was investigated. The stability of ferroelectric phase in pure PZ was found to improve with increasing BAN content, which corresponded to the increased tolerance factor (t) of solid solution. In comparison to other systems, results in this study indicated that the tolerance factor can predict the ferroelectric (FE)/antiferroelectric (AFE) stability of PZ-based solid solution. If the t value of solid solution is higher than pure PZ, the FE phase can be induced. On the other hand, the AFE phase is stabilized when the t value of solid solution is lower than pure PZ. © 2012 The American Ceramic Society.
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    Effect of thermal annealing on the structure of LiCoO2 powders prepared by co-precipitation method
    (2021-12-01)
    Khejonrak, Awadol
    ;
    Chanlek, Narong
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    ;
    Triamnak, Narit
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    Chirawatkul, Prae
    Lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO<inf>2</inf>) powder was prepared by co-precipitation method and annealed at different temperatures of between 300 and 700 °C. The effect of annealing temperature and effect washing process with deionized water on the crystal structures of the prepared LiCoO<inf>2</inf> powders were thoroughly studied by Synchrotron powder X-Ray Diffraction (Syn-XRD), X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS), Dispersive Raman Microscopy (Raman) techniques. The change in chemical composition as a function of annealing temperature was also investigated by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) technique. The crystal structural results identified the phase evolution of the prepared LiCoO<inf>2</inf> powders upon heat treatment. The formation of HT-LiCoO<inf>2</inf> phase was observed at annealing temperature as low as 300 °C.
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    Effect of A-site and B-site ion replaced with small ions on the intermediate phase in PbZrO3 ceramic
    (2014-02-14) ; ; ;
    Niemcharoen, Surasak
    ;
    The solid solution of (1 - x)PbZrO<inf>3</inf>-xNaNbO<inf>3</inf> ceramics, where x = 0.0-0.08, was synthesized by solid state reaction. The basic characterizations were performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), dielectric spectroscopy, hysteresis measurement and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques. The results indicated that the crystal structure of the solid solution, (1 - x)PZ-xNN, where x = 0.00-0.08, is of orthorhombic symmetry. It was found that the effect of NN being replaced with small ions at the A-site and B-site can induce an AFE-like phase in PZ. The FE intermediate phase of PZ cannot be induced, although Zr<sup>4+</sup> ions were substituted by small Nb<sup>5+</sup> ions. This is due to the decreasing average rate of radii in the A-site (0.1 Å mol<sup>-1</sup>) being higher than that in the B-site (0.08 Å mol<sup>-1</sup>). © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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    Phase transition behavior of Ba(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O 3 modified PbZrO3 solid solution
    (2014-04-28) ; ;
    Guo, Ruyan
    ;
    Bhalla, Amar S.
    Different compositions of (1 - x)PbZrO<inf>3</inf>-xBa(Mg <inf>1/3</inf>Nb<inf>2/3</inf>)O<inf>3</inf> (PZ-BMN) system, with x = 0.00-0.50, were synthesized using the columbite precursor method. The effects of BMN content on phase transition, electrical and thermal properties of PbZrO<inf>3</inf> ceramic were investigated. The composition range and stability of the ferroelectric phase in perovskite PZ-BMN system can be improved by optimizing BMN substitution. Phase transition behavior of various solid solutions of PZ compositions can be predicted by a phase diagram established from the average electronegativity difference versus tolerance factor of the end members. © 2014 the Partner Organisations.
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    Process-structure-property relationships in low-temperature microwave dielectric ceramics: from glass-assisted sintering to cold sintering for 5G/6G devices
    (2026-12-01)
    Pulphol, Phieraya
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    Tang, Ying
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    Fang, Liang
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    With the rapid advancement of wireless communication from 5G to 6G, a pressing need has emerged for microwave dielectric ceramics with excellent performance at reduced processing temperatures, compatible with low-temperature co-fired ceramic technology. This review traces historical milestones and highlights modern design strategies for achieving optimum dielectric constant, ultra-low dielectric loss, and near-zero temperature coefficient of resonant frequency. Special emphasis is placed on recent advances in low-temperature densification routes, including sintering aids, intrinsically low-sintering-temperature ceramic families, and novel techniques like the cold sintering process. This review provides a critical analysis of the performance trade-offs inherent to each strategy, addressing the persistent challenges in achieving ultra-low loss. Furthermore, we highlight the paradigm shift toward a holistic, multifunctional design imperative for 6G systems. Finally, the transformative potential of cross-disciplinary approaches, particularly AI-assisted discovery, and computational modeling, is discussed as a key enabler for accelerating the design of next-generation, high-performance, and sustainable LTCC-compatible materials.