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    Single VDTA-Based Tunable Floating Lossy Inductance Simulation Circuits
    In this study, two circuit topologies for simulating tunable lossy floating inductors are proposed. In each design, the simulators make use of a single voltage differencing transconductance amplifier (VDTA), and only two passive elements with a grounded capacitor. The proposed active inductance simulators do not need some kind of component matching conditions and cancellation constraints for the desired realization. Besides, the simulated equivalent resistance and inductance values are independently tunable through a single resistor and/or the transconductances of the VDTA. The workability of all the proposed circuits is well accomplished through PSPICE simulations and experimental test results. To ascertain the feasibility of the proposed inductor designs, they are used to construct a fourth-order equal-ripple (3-dB) lowpass filter and an electronically tunable sinusoidal oscillator.
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    Synchronization of a Seven-Term Chaotic 4D System Using a Simplified Fixed-Time Adaptive Integral Nonsingular Terminal Sliding Mode Control and Its Circuit Realization
    This work presents an adaptive gain fixed-time synchronization of a seven-term hyperchaotic 4D system, along with its analog circuitry realizations. To facilitate a simplistic circuit realization of the closed loop system, the control design process initiates with the design of a novel, simplified fixed-time stability lemma that gives a lower convergence time, while being easier to compute. A nonlinear, fixed-time adaptive-gain nonsingular terminal sliding mode controller was then designed to synchronize the hyperchaotic 4D system. Theoretical analyses successfully achieved fixed-time synchronization, and computer simulations verified the achievement of zero-error convergence across all states within 1 second, irrespective of the initial conditions and even in the presence of significant parameter and disturbance changes. Analog circuitry implementations of the adaptive gain fixed-time chaotic synchronization configuration were realized using commercially available components, for instance, LF357 and AD633. The circuit equations were devised to replicate those used in the controller, with the goal of facilitating troubleshooting by ensuring simplicity. Electronics workability was tested using PSPICE simulation program. The results demonstrated that active synchronization was achieved in fixed time with less than 1% error across the states in the presence of disturbances. Finally, the developed fixed-time chaotic synchronization was applied to a secure communication system. The results indicate that the original and recovered messages exhibit a high degree of similarity to each other after a fixed duration of 1 second.
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    VDTA-based floating/grounded series/parallel R-L and R-C immittance simulators with a single grounded capacitor
    (2023-02-01) ;
    Faseehuddin, Mohammad
    ;
    ;
    Herencsar, Norbert
    ;
    Active configurations for simulating floating/grounded series and parallel immittance functions based on voltage differencing transconductance amplifiers (VDTAs) are proposed. The grounded series and parallel immittance simulators presented here require only one VDTA, while the proposed floating ones only need two. Each of the suggested simulators uses a single grounded capacitor. The proposed topologies can imitate R-L and R-C immittances in both series and parallel types. All of the simulated equivalent elements are electronically adjustable through the VDTA's transconductance. Furthermore, no component-matching restrictions are imposed in order to achieve the appropriate immittance function. Applications of the proposed VDTA-based immittance simulators include bandpass filter and quadrature oscillator implementations. The behaviors of the proposed circuits and their applications are evaluated by PSPICE simulations and experimental observations using VDTA implemented with commercially available CA3080 type OTAs.
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    On the Resistorless Realization of Simulated Tunable Floating Lossy Inductors with Voltage Differencing Buffered Amplifiers
    Abstract: Alternative circuit designs concerning the simulation of floating lossy inductors using voltage differencing buffered amplifiers (VDBAs) are described. The topologies proposed here require only three VDBAs and one capacitor to simulate a floating inductance with series and parallel resistance. The simulated equivalent elements, namely equivalent resistance (R<inf>eq</inf>) and equivalent inductance (L<inf>eq</inf>) are electronically controllable through the external bias currents of the VDBAs. The VDBA non-idealities including transconductance inaccuracy and voltage transfer error on the performance of the circuits has been discussed in detail. To support the theoretical analysis and demonstrate the practical workability of the proposed synthetic inductors, PSPICE simulation and experimental test results are also reported.
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    Actively simulated floating lossless inductor for short range wireless communication
    (2019-01-01) ; ;
    Unhavanich, Sumalee
    ;
    This communication describes the resistorless simulation of the floating lossless inductor using three voltage differencing buffered amplifiers (VDBAs) and one grounded capacitor. The circuit employs only a grounded capacitor, and no other extra resistor element is employed. Thus, it is suitable for further communication integrated front-end circuit design in short-range wireless and application. The realized equivalent inductance value of the simulated inductor can be changed electronically via the external biasing currents of the VDBAs. Sufficient simulation results with the PSPICE program are provided to validate the functionality of the realized inductor. In addition to establishing the practical operation of the simulator, the measured test results obtained from hardware implementation using readily available integrated chips (ICs) are also included.
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    Floating/grounded series/parallel R-L, R-C and L-C immittance simulators employing VDTAs and only two grounded passive elements
    In this paper, four floating/grounded series and parallel immittance simulator topologies are proposed, utilizing voltage differencing transconductance amplifiers (VDTAs) as useful active devices. Each of the proposed topologies requires only two grounded passive components. The floating series and parallel simulated immittance circuits proposed here require just two VDTAs, whilst the grounded ones require only one. The proposed topologies can simulate R-L, R-C, and L-C immittances in series and parallel. All of the simulated equivalent elements for the realized immittances are orthogonal adjustable. Furthermore, there are no critical element equality criteria required for the desired immittance function realization. The behavior of the proposed VDTA-based immittance simulators is exemplified in LC ladder filter and sinusoidal oscillator applications. To illustrate the simulator's performance, PSPICE simulation and experimental test results are used.
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    Single VDCC-Based Mixed-Mode First-Order Universal Filter and Applications in Bio-Signal Processing Systems
    This paper presents a compact mixed-mode first-order universal filter based on a single voltage differencing current conveyor (VDCC), which can function in all four possible operation modes, i.e., voltage mode (VM), trans-admittance mode (TAM), current mode (CM), and trans-impedance mode (TIM). The proposed configuration requires only two grounded resistors and one floating capacitor, which contributes to a low component count, facilitates integration, and allows for the electronic tunability of the pole frequency through the transconductance gain of the VDCC. This work also demonstrates two practical biomedical applications: an electrocardiogram (ECG) acquisition system utilizing the VM low-pass filter for noise suppression and a bioimpedance (BioZ) measurement system employing the proposed configuration-based CM oscillator circuit as a sinusoidal excitation source. The performance validation confirms the accuracy of impedance extraction and the preservation of waveforms using tissue-equivalent models. The results demonstrate that the proposed VDCC-based filter offers a compact, power-efficient, and versatile analog signal-processing solution suitable for modern biomedical instrumentation.