Now showing 1 - 10 of 11
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    Numerical Methodology for Enhancing Heat Transfer in a Channel with Arc-Vane Baffles
    (2025-03-01)
    Thapmanee, Piphatpong
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    Phila, Arnut
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    Wongcharee, Khwanchit
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    Maruyama, Naoki
    ;
    Hirota, Masafumi
    This study numerically investigates flow and heat transfer in a channel with arc-vane baffles at various radius-to-channel high ratios (r/H = 0.125, 0.25, 0.375, and 0.5) for Reynolds numbers between 6000 and 24,000, focusing on solar air-heater applications. The calculations utilize the finite volume method, and the SIMPLE algorithm is executed with the QUICK scheme. For the analysis of turbulent flow, the finite volume method with the Renormalization Group (RNG) k-ε turbulence model was used. The results show that arc-vane baffles create double vortices along the axial direction, promoting flow reattachment on the heated surface and enhancing heat transfer. Baffles with smaller r/H ratios strengthen flow reattachment, reduce dead zones, and improve fluid contact with the heat transfer surface. The baffles with the smallest r/H ratio achieve a Nusselt number ratio (Nu/Nu<inf>s</inf>) of 4.91 at Re = 6000. As r/H increases, the friction factor (f) and friction factor ratio (f/f<inf>s</inf>) rise due to increased baffle curvature and surface area. The highest thermal performance factor (TPF) of 2.28 occurs at r/H = 0.125 and Re = 6000, reflecting an optimal balance of heat transfer and friction losses. Arc-vane baffles with a r/H ratio of 0.125 yield a TPF exceeding unity, indicating potential energy savings. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing baffle designs to enhance thermal performance in practical applications.
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    Effect of arc-shaped twisted-baffles on augmented heat transfer in a rectangular duct
    (2023-02-01) ;
    Phila, Arnut
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    Chokphoemphun, Suriya
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    Eiamsa-Ard, Smith
    In this current work, the effect of utilizing arc-shaped twisted-baffles (T-ABs) in a rectangular air channel on thermal performance factor (TPF) has been experimentally studied. In these experiments, the influence of the changes in parameters such as dimensions of pitch ratio (p/w), attached arc-shape angle (α), and Reynolds number (Re) are explored. The comparisons demonstrate that a channel mounted with arc-shaped twisted-baffles yielded considerably greater Nusselt numbers than a smooth channel, possibly attributable to multiple-impinging jets near the channel surface. Heat transfer enhancements of twisted arc-shaped baffles (T-AB) having larger attack angles were superior to those having smaller attack angles. The one with α = 90o offered greater heat transfer rates than the ones with α = 20o, 40o, 60o, and 80o by approximately 8%, 7%, 4%, and 2%, respectively. The superior heat transfer was attributed to the better contact between the working fluid and heat transfer surfaces. In addition, utilizing arc-shaped twisted-baffles with the lowest p/w of 4.0, in a channel produced stronger vortices and multiple impinging jets, which caused better fluid mixing than other p/w. The optimum condition is achieved using T-ABs at an attached arc-shape angle of α = 90o, p/w = 4.0 and Re = 4000, where the heat transfer rate (Nu), friction factor (f) and TPF are found to be, respectively, 3.31, 4.68 and 1.98 times greater than those of a plain channel.
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    Influence of sawtooth twisted tape on thermal enhancement of heat exchanger tube
    (2023-03-01)
    Samutpraphut, Boonsong
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    Eiamsa-ard, Smith
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    ; ;
    Maruyama, Naoki
    This article employs sawtooth twisted tapes to generate swirling flow and interrupted flowing disturbance in order to increase the level of heat transfer rate. The influences of the sawtooth twisted tape (S-TT) on enhanced heat transfer rate, friction factor and aerothermal performance index (API) behaviors are analyzed. The sawtooth twisted tapes (S-TTs) possessing constant pitch/twist ratio (y//W) of 3.0 and six sawtooth angles (α) of 20°, 30°, 40°, 50°, 60°, and 70° are assessed. Considering turbulent flow using air as the testing fluid, experiments were investigated at 6,000 < Re < 20,000 under boundary conditions of constant heat flux. According to the experimental findings, sawtooth twisted tape (S-TT) improves heat transfer rate and raises pressure loss with varying rates based on sawtooth angles (α). With the sawtooth twisted tape (S-TT) and 70° sawtooth angles, the optimum API of 1.33 is attained, while Nusselt number and friction factor are 32 and 0.135 at Re = 6,000. The recommended sawtooth twisted tape (S-TT) yields a highest Nusselt number of 78, which is 1.6 times greater than the typical twisted tape (TT) and 1.1 times greater than the plain tube. The combination of the TT and sawtooth patterns can be beneficial in terms of boosting heat transfer rate and API relating coupling of swirling flow and interrupted flowing disruption effects since the sawtooth twisted tape (S-TT) offers superior performance than the TT. Additionally, the heat exchanger tubes fitted with sawtooth twisted tape (S-TT) at sawtooth angles (α) of 20°, 30°, 40°, 50°, 60°, and 70° gain greater Nusselt number than the plain tube up to 158.3%, 162.2%, 166.1%, 171.7%, 179.7% and 186.2%, respectively.
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    Thermal Visualization and Performance Analysis in a Channel Installing Transverse Baffles with Square Wings
    (2022-11-01)
    Eiamsa-Ard, Smith
    ;
    Phila, Arnut
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    Wongcharee, Khwanchit
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    ;
    The experimental examination of local heat transfer, thermal intensification, friction factors, and thermal performance factors (TPF) in a rectangular channel with square-winged transverse baffles (SW-TB) are presented in this paper. The purpose of this study is to modify the typical transverse baffles (TB) into square-winged transverse baffles (SW-TB) in order to improve the thermal performance and heat transfer rate of the channel. The effects of SW-TBs with various wing attack angles and Reynolds numbers on the heat transfer performance characteristics were examined using a thermochromic liquid crystal sheet. In the experiments, the SW-TBs were attached to the bottom wall of the channel, which had an aspect ratio (W:H) of 3.75:1. The SW-TBs had a width (w) of 150 mm, a square perforated cross-sectional area (a × b) of 8 × 8 mm<sup>2</sup>, and attack angles (θ) of 0° (solid transverse-baffle), 22.5°, 45°, 67.5°, and 90°. The bottom wall of the channel was evenly heated, while the other walls were insulated. The temperature contours on the heated surface were plotted using temperatures obtained through using the thermochromic liquid crystal (TLC) image-processing method. Experimental results revealed that the SW-TBs created multiple impinging jets, apart from the recirculation. At the proper attack angles (θ = 22.5° and 45°), the SW-TBs offered greater heat transfer rates and caused lower friction losses, resulting in higher TPFs than the solid transverse baffles. In the current work, channels where the SW-TBs display a θ = 45° presented the greatest TPF, as high as 1.26. The multiple impinging jets issuing by the SW-TBs suppressed the size of the recirculation flow and allowed better contact between the fluid flow and channel wall.
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    Influence of notched baffles on aerothermal performance behaviors in a channel
    (2023-07-01)
    Phila, Arnut
    ;
    Keaitnukul, Warin
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    Eiamsa-ard, Smith
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    Naphon, Paisarn
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    Maruyama, Naoki
    The proper designs of modified heat transfer surfaces or turbulence enhancement inserts for heat transfer augmentation are extremely important for improving overall aerothermal performances relating to the energy-saving capabilities of thermal systems. A major challenge is to control friction loss as little as possible while maintaining reasonable heat transfer enhancement. Transverse baffles with rectangular notches or notched baffles (NBs) were applied for improving aerothermal performance in a channel with a constant aspect ratio of 3.75 while notch height-to-baffle height ratio (a/e) ranged from 0.125 to 0.5. Reynolds number ranged from 6000 to 24,000, in experiments. Heat transfer enhancement, pressure loss, and aerothermal performance in a rectangular channel with notched baffles were examined. Compared to the solid transverse baffle (SB, a/e = 0), the NBs with a/e = 0.125 increased the heat transfer rate while lessening the pressure loss, as shown by the experimental findings. Obviously, Nusselt number, friction factor and aerothermal performance increased as the a/e ratio decreased. The NBs with the smallest notch height-to-baffle height ratio (a/e = 0.125) exhibited the highest aerothermal performance of 1.17, which can be attributed to the efficient heat transfer enhancement by the strong multi-jet impingements and the moderate friction loss penalty resulting from the presence of notches (spaces) on the baffles.
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    Enhanced Heat Transfer of a Heat Exchanger Tube Installed with V-Shaped Delta-Wing Baffle Turbulators
    (2023-07-01)
    Samruaisin, Prachya
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    Maza, Rangsan
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    ; ;
    Maruyama, Naoki
    The influences of V-shaped delta-wing baffles on the thermohydraulic performance characteristics in a round tube were experimentally tested. The V-shaped delta-wing baffles having a set number of wings (N = 4, 6, and 8) were comparatively tested. The V-shaped delta-wing baffles with various pitch ratios of P/D = 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0 were thoroughly fitted inside a tube. In the present work, the baffles were responsible for both the recirculation/reverse flow behind the solid baffle and the longitudinal vortex flow behind the V-shaped wing. The V-shaped winged baffles with N = 8 produced high heat transfer rates by promoting the development of reverse and vortex flows. These currents aid in fluid mixing between the two streams. Experimental results suggested that utilizing V-shaped delta-wing baffles having N = 4, 6, and 8 led to Nusselt number enhancement of up to 97–105.6%, 105.8–127.8% and 114.8–138.9%, respectively. When N was 8, the V-shaped wings baffles created additional multi vortex flows, which resulted in some fluid mixing between the vortex and the reverse flow. It was discovered that a greater turbulent intensity is imparted to the flow that was occurring between the V-shaped delta-wing baffles, which led to an increase in the rate of heat transfer when the pitch ratio was decreased. The increase in Nusselt number was up to 118.26–151.3% more than it was in a tube with the lowest pitch ratio (P/D = 2.0). It was also found that the baffles with N = 8 wings and P/D = 3.0 offered a maximum aerothermal performance factor (APF) of 1.01. Furthermore, the V-shaped delta-wing baffles have the potential for energy savings at low Re ≤ 6000, indicated by the APF beyond unity.
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    Evaluation of heat transfer performance of a heat exchanger tube mounted with an I-rib twisted tape and twisted winglets
    (2025-12-01)
    Qiu, Wenxuan
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    Samruaisin, Prachya
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    Maruyama, Naoki
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    Hirota, Masafumi
    This study aims to improve the efficiency of heat exchangers and explore the enhancement mechanism of the thermal performance characteristics of heat exchange tubes by I-rib twisted tapes and twisted winglets (I-RTTW) through experimental research and numerical simulation. The I-RTTW structure consists of a central I-type rib and an edge twisted winglet. The key geometric parameters of the edge twisted winglet include the wing depth ratio (d/W = 0.096, 0.13, 0.16), the wing width ratio (w/W = 0.096, 0.13, 0.16), and a fixed twist angle of 45°. The study uses air as the working fluid to systematically analyze the heat transfer performance of the I-RTTW over a range of Reynolds numbers (Re) of 6,000–20,000. The experimental results reveal that the I-RTTW significantly improves heat transfer through a dual mechanism. First, the edge twisted winglet effectively disrupts the fluid boundary layer by inducing secondary flows. Second, the central I-type rib can promote radial mixing of the fluid. Further in-depth analysis of the experimental data revealed that a greater winglet depth ratio (d/W) increases the longitudinal size of the cutting winglet, thereby disturbing the fluid more deeply and increasing boundary layer disruption. An increased winglet width ratio (w/W) significantly enhances the fluid mixing effect by expanding the lateral coverage, thereby reducing thermal resistance and enhancing heat transfer between the pipe wall and the fluid. In terms of flow resistance characteristics, a greater winglet depth ratio directly leads to an increased longitudinal size of the cutting winglet. This strengthens the disturbance of fluid, resulting in increased boundary layer separation and greater eddy losses. Similarly, an increased winglet width ratio leads to greater lateral flow resistance, so that the fluid needs to overcome a larger shear force and higher collision losses. This leads to an increased friction coefficient (f). In the current study, the heat transfer rate of a pipe equipped with I-RTTWs is about 7 to 26% and 68 to 99% higher than that of a pipe equipped with typical tape (TT) and the plain tube, respectively. The friction coefficient is 1.15–1.37 times and 3.46–4.12 times that of a TT and plain tube, respectively. The comprehensive thermal performance index of the pipe with an I-RTTW is as high as 1.29.
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    Heat Transfer Intensification in a Heat Exchanger Tube with Continuous V-Rib Twisted Tapes Installed
    (2025-05-01)
    Du, Yuexiang
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    Wongcharee, Khwanchit
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    Naphon, Paisarn
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    Maruyama, Naoki
    This article reports the effect of twisted tapes with continuous V-ribs on the thermal performance index characteristics of a heat exchanger tube. Numerical and experimental studies were conducted to investigate the influence of V-rib attack angles (β = 15°, 30°, and 45°) in forward and backward arrangements. This investigation employed 0.9 mm thick, continuous V-rib twisted tapes (CVRTs) made from aluminum sheets formed with a twist ratio of y/w = 4.0. The experimental results indicated that a continuous V-rib twisted tape (CVRT) was more effective in heat transfer improvement than a typical twisted tape (TT). This was due to swirl and longitudinal vortex flows that helped increase flow mixing and reduce boundary layer thickness. Decreased V-rib attack angles (β) led to greater heat transfer enhancement, pressure drop, and thermal performance index values due to the greater turbulent mixing of fluid. The numerical result revealed that a continuous V-rib twisted tape created strong longitudinal vortex flow, especially with higher attack angles. The Turbulent Kinetic Energy (TKE) and core fluid temperature increased with the insertion of CVRTs. Local Nusselt numbers also remained relatively high for heat exchanger tubes with CVRTs. The experimental study illustrated that a tube with a CVRT installed augmented heat transfer. In the experimentally studied cases, a backward arrangement had more heat transfer, a greater friction factor, and a better thermal performance index. Compared to a plain tube, a tube with CVRT installed, having β = 15°, 30°, and 45°, showed 76.8, 71.6, and 66.2% improved heat transfer, respectively. CVRTs with these three β-values, respectively, exhibited higher thermal performance than a TT. Among the investigated CVRTs, the backward-arranged tape with β = 15° offered the maximum thermal performance index, 1.13 at Re = 6000. The results are congruent with the simulation outcomes, hence supporting the CFD analysis.
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    Evaluation of heat transfer performance of a channel mounted with square-wing perforated V-type baffles
    (2025-01-01)
    Eiamsa-Ard, Smith
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    Phila, Arnut
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    ; ;
    Maruyama, Naoki
    The current study examines the aerothermal performance behaviors of a rectangular-channel with square-wing perforated V-type baffles (SW-PVBs). The SW-PVBs were attached to lower channel walls at five attack angles, θ = 0° (solid V-type baffle), 22.5°, 45°, 67.5° and 90°. The heat transfer and pressure drop results of a channel without SW-PVBs were performed to normalize the results of the SW-PVBs and evaluate thermal performance factors (TPFs). It can be observed that as the attack angles decreased, the heat transfer and pressure loss rose. Among the SW-PVBs that were tested, those characterized by θ = 22.5° exhibited the most significant improvement in heat transfer, whereas SW-PVBs with θ = 45° gave the highest thermal performance factors. Additionally, the SW-PVBs with θ = 45° offered the highest TPF, as high as 1.93.
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    Enhanced heat transfer performance in channel with delta-wing perforated V-type baffles
    (2023-10-01)
    Eiamsa-ard, Smith
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    Phila, Arnut
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    ; ;
    Maruyama, Naoki
    The article examines the influence of delta-wing V-type baffles (DW-PVBs) on the average Nusselt number, local Nusselt number distribution, pressure losses, and thermal performance behaviors in a channel. Delta-wing perforated V-type baffles (DW-PVBs) mounted in a regular manner on the bottom of a channel produced two pairs of longitudinal counter-rotating vortices to enhance chaotic fluid mixing and destabilize the boundary layer, hence boosting the heat transfer. The geometric characteristics of the delta-wing V-type baffle (DW-PVBs) located on the bottom of the channel were examined at relative baffle blockage and pitch ratios (BR = h/H = 0.3 and p/H = 1.5), and five delta-wing attack angles, θ = 0<sup>o</sup> (solid V-shaped baffle), 22.5°, 45°, 67.5°, and 90°. The present DW-PVBs mounted on the channel were designed to mitigate pressure loss due to flow blockage. The experiment was done by permitting air to flow through a channel at Reynolds numbers (Re) ranging from 6000 to 24,000. The present results show that the friction factor using the DW-PVBs decreased considerably with increasing θ values. The experimental results revealed that small θ values yielded greater heat transfer and resistance than large θ values. The DW-PVBs with θ = 22.5° performed better than inserts with other θ values in terms of heat transfer rate. It was also observed that the DW-PVBs with θ = 45° gave the maximum thermal performance factor (TPF), while presenting a 13.64–17.26% lower friction factor than the solid V-shaped baffle. Furthermore, it was also found that the DW-PVBs with θ = 0°, 22.5°, 45°, 67.5°, and 90° gave peak TPF values of up to 1.87, 1.89, 1.91, 1.87, and 1.84 at the lowest Reynolds number, 6000.