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    Analysis of effective numerical aperture in 2-D photonic crystal waveguide
    (2014-01-01)
    Chantakit, T.
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    Yupapin, P. P.
    The effective numerical aperture calculation in two-dimensional Photonic crystal waveguide has been proposed. In this paper we present the analysis of ray optics refracted inside nano rods and at the boundaries between rods, which separates rod gap is much smaller than the incident wavelength assumed to reflect on the region. In operation, the resolving numerical aperture was compared with the finite difference time domain method via OptiFDTD software. Although numerical aperture mentioned above was found to be extremely close to fiber optics, a transmission passes though compartments of the rods are observed due to significant estimation of transmission and reflection of electric field. The compared simulation results will be discussed. By the aforementioned is that in the near future we will modify wave equation in periodic media of waveguide structures reached to the transverse electric equation of beam propagation in the two-dimensional Photonic crystal waveguide analysed. © (2014) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland.
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    Elongation measurement using 1-dimensional image correlation method
    (2016-01-01)
    Phongwisit, Phachara
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    Aim of this paper was to study, setup, and calibrate an elongation measurement by using 1- Dimensional Image Correlation method (1-DIC). To confirm our method and setup correctness, we need calibration with other methods. In this paper, we used a small spring as a sample to find a result in terms of spring constant. With a fundamental of Image Correlation method, images of formed and deformed samples were compared to understand the difference between deformed process. By comparing the location of reference point on both image's pixel, the spring's elongation were calculated. Then, the results have been compared with the spring constants, which were found from Hooke's law. The percentage of 5 percent error has been found. This DIC method, then, would be applied to measure the elongation of some different kinds of small fiber samples.
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    Micro stirling engine controlled by light
    (2011-01-01) ; ;
    Yupapin, P. P.
    This paper proposes a new technique for a micro Stirling engine operation using leaky light resonant or whispering gallery modes (WGMs) in a nano-waveguide, in which the nano-waveguide is designed and configured by a nanoring resonator. By using the Optiwave programming based on Finite Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method, an InGaAsP/InP nanoring resonator was designed and simulated. The simulation results obtained have shown that the leaky light resonant modes can be controlled by the ring radius variations, whereas the maximum resonant peak of nanoring resonator is occurred at the inner and outer ring radii of 0.775 and 1.55 μm respectively. The maximum peak intensity of the nanoring resonator is 12000 W/m<sup>2</sup>. Finally, the use of leaky light mode resonant peak of the center nanoring resonator for micro-Stirling engine is discussed in details. © 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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    The effect of substrate temperature on structure and optical properties of copper (II) phthalocyanine (CuPc) thin films prepared by organic evaporation
    (2007-08-28) ; ;
    Sumriddetchkajorn, Sarun
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    The influence of substrate temperature controls on Copper (II) phthalocyanine (CuPc) organic thin films onto glass substrate by organic evaporation system has been examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and UV-VIS spectrophotometer. The two control methods are an on-off switching temperature control and a phase temperature control. The various substrate temperatures were controlled at 27, 80, 100, 120 and 150 °C, respectively. The thickness of all thin films is 30 nm. The XRD results from both methods show strongly peaks in orientation of [200] plane as α-phase monoclinic structure. By an on-off switching controlled temperature, the intensity of XRD peaks is increased with increasing substrate temperature. While intensity of XRD results from a phase controlled temperature shows increasing from 27 to 100 °C but decreasing from 120 to 150 °C. The CuPc grown at 150 °C exhibits nanorod-like structure obtained from an on-off switching temperature control and fiber-like structures obtained from a phase temperature controls. The optical absorptions of CuPc thin films of both methods determined from UV-VIS spectrophotometer show two strong peaks at 330 nm and 620 nm, denoted the B-band and Q-band, respectively. © 2007 IEEE.
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    Low-cost tunable light source using RGB-LED module for absorption spectroscope
    (2019-01-01) ;
    Phongwisit, Phachara
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    Tipaphong, Weraphan
    This paper focused for possibility to use RGB-LED module as a tunable light source for absorption spectroscope. Nowadays, commercial instrument uses Xenon lamp with Monochromator to select a specific wavelength for tested some properties on a sample. This part is a core of performance in an instrument and it increase cost of an instrument. In this paper, RGB-LED module will replace for a part of Xenon lamp and Monochromator to select a specific wavelength for measurement absorption or transmission properties. By used Arduino controller with pulse-width modulation method (PWM), a specific wavelength can control by mixed light that emitted from RGB-LED module. Resolution from this method can tuned an optical wavelength in range of visible light (400-700 nm) by 5 nm. Results from this work had difference from the commercial instrument less than 5%. Accuracy of this setup was proved with standard deviation (SD) and uncertainty about 0.0904 and 0.0286. This work can apply for light source to studies absorption or transmission properties of material in basics laboratory.
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    Multi-range Ammonia Gas Sensor Control and Monitor via IoT System
    (2022-01-01)
    Kruakuanphet, Aphichaya
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    Phongwisit, Phachara
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    In this paper, we present a multi-range of ammonia gas concentration control and monitoring via IoT system. We can select the ammonia gas concentration measurement range by adjusting load resistance within the voltage divider circuit. The appropriate measurement range, which corresponds to the concentration of ammonia gas produced by agricultural and industrial activities, can control and monitor via Blynk application. The MQ-137 gas sensor is selected as the main sensor, and each load resistance condition within the voltage divider circuit is calibrated with known ammonia gas concentration inside a calibration box. The calibration data is input into computer programming and processed by ESP8266 microprocessor. After calibration, we obtained a multi-range ammonia gas sensor suitable for measuring the ammonia gas concentration for each concentration range. The experiment showed that load resistance affects the measurement accuracy of ammonia gas concentration. We can select the load resistance suitable for the ammonia gas concentration and display on a smartphone via IoT system.
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    Nanoheat source generated by leaky light mode within a nano-waveguide for small electrical power generator
    (2012-12-01) ;
    Yupapin, Preecha P.
    In this paper, we present a novel type of small electrical power generator controlled by the leaky light resonant modes or whispering gallery modes (WGMs) in a nano-waveguide, in which the nanowaveguide is designed and configured to be a nano-ring resonator. By using the Optiwave programming based on Finite Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method, two types of InGaAsP/InP nanoring resonators are designed and simulated, which one is a single nanoring resonator, and the other is the double nanoring resonator. Simulation results obtained have shown that the leaky light resonant modes can be controlled by the ring radii variations, whereas the maximum resonant peak of the single nanoring resonator is observed at the ring radius of 1.55 μm, while the double nanoring resonator is occurred at the inner and outer ring radii of 0.775 μm and 1.55 μm, respectively. The maximum peak intensities of the single nanoring and double resonators are 1150 W/m<sup>2</sup> and 2740 W/m <sup>2</sup>, respectively. The efficiency of the fabricated generators was calculated, in which the efficiency of a proposed micro turbine engine of 2.4 kJ is noted. Finally, the use of the leaky light mode resonant peak of the center nanoring resonator for nanoelectrical power generator is discussed in details. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    A self-calibration nano-scale sensing transducer using PANDA ring resonator
    (2010-12-01) ;
    Tipaphong, W.
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    Yupapin, P. P.
    We propose a new system of self-calibration measurement using a nano-scale sensing transducer, which is known as a PANDA ring resonator type, whereas the sensing unit is combined into the system by mean of one ring, and the other ring is set as a reference signal. We use the method of finite difference time domain (FDTD) via the computer programming called Opti-wave to analyze and simulate. The simulation result has shown that we can use this system for high-precision and self-calibration measurement using a nano-scale sensing transducer, whereas the measurement resolution of 1 nm can be obtained. The recovery and the reciprocal signals can also be formed, which can be used to approach to many advantages of measurements, including the possibility of standardizing measurement accuracy. ©2010 IEEE.
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    Electronic nose ammonia gas monitoring via IoT system for Chlorella sp. cultivation
    (2023-01-01) ;
    Kruakuanphet, Aphichaya
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    Phongwisit, Phachara
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    In this paper, we present an electronic nose ammonia gas monitoring via IoT system for Chlorella sp. cultivation. The MQ–137 gas sensor module is selected as the primary sensor for measuring ammonia gas concentration. The pH sensor module is the sensor for measuring the pH levels in Chlorella sp. ponds. The MQ–137 gas sensors are calibrated with a known concentration of ammonia gas in the calibration box. Calibration conditions are set corresponding to low concentration of ammonia gas produced by Chlorella sp. cultivation. The pH sensor module is calibrated against a standard pH buffer. The calibration data obtained from the calibration method is input into computer programming and processed by the ESP8266 microprocessor. After calibration, the MQ–137 gas sensor and pH sensor modules are used to measure the ammonia gas concentration and pH levels in the Chlorella sp. ponds. Chlorella sp. is cultivated under three conditions of light intensity, natural light with an average light intensity of 1521 Lux, and artificial light with a light intensity of 1000 Lux and 2000 Lux, respectively. The ammonia gas concentration and pH levels of Chlorella sp. cultivation are transferred to the cloud system and displayed via the IoT system. And the system can also send a notification to a smartphone when ammonia gas concentration and the pH levels reach the specified value.
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    360 degree white light holography display on surface of transparency conical cup
    (2021-01-01) ;
    This paper presents the method and experimental results of the construction and reconstruction of three dimensions conical holography. He-Ne laser is used as the construction light source. Then the construction light is shone on top of a transparency conical cup, where a plain holographic film is wrapped around and attached to its surface. The object is located at the bottom of the cup. In this manner, the cup acts as a captured screen. After exposure, the film is developed and fixed by a chemical solution. The three-dimensional holography is recorded in the film. For reconstruction, we used red LED and flashlight as a reconstruction light source. The film is wrapped around and attached to the surface of the cup again. When the reconstruction light shines on the cup, the three-dimensional holography appears in the center of the cup. The cup is rotated in step, each step is 45 degrees, and the image is recorded by the digital camera. Experimental results show that the 360 degrees three-dimensional holographic image is successfully reconstructed. In conclusion, we could apply the method to create a three-dimensional holographic for displaying in all directions.