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    Preparation of lead zirconate-lead nickel niobate ceramics by the reaction sintering process
    (2009-12-01) ; ;
    Niemcharoen, Surasak
    ;
    ;
    Laoratanakul, Pitak
    The perovskite structure of lead zirconate - lead nickel niobate ceramics, (1-x) PbZrO3-xPb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3 (PZ - PNN) at x between 0.00-0.50, has been prepared by the reaction-sintering process. The specimens were prepared directly from a mixture of their constituent oxide without any calcination step. The PZ - PNN ceramics could be obtained after 6 h sintering at 1,100-1,250°C. Crystal structure and phase transition of PZ-PNN were investigated by x-ray diffraction (XRD). XRD indicated that the structure of PZ-PNN ceramics is orthorhombic for a composition where x = 0.00, rhombohedral for compositions where x = 0.10 ≤ x ≤ 0.40 and pseudo-cubic for a composition where x = 0.50. The dielectric properties of the ceramics were measured as functions of both temperature and frequency. The results indicated that the transition temperature decreases with increasing PNN concentration. Furthermore, morphology and grain size evolution have been determined via a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
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    Synthesis, ferroelectric phase stabilization, phase transition and thermal properties in (1-x)PbZrO3-xPb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O 3 solid solution
    (2009-12-01) ;
    Banlue, Wanwimon
    The solid solution between the antiferroelectric PbZrO3 (PZ) and relaxor ferroelectric Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3 (PZN) was synthesized by the columbie method. The phase structure and thermal properties of (1-x)PZ-xPZN, where x = 0.00-0.30, were investigated. The crystal structure of the sintered ceramics was investigated as function of composition via x-ray diffraction (XRD) and Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results indicated that the solid solution, PZ-PZN, successively transforms from orthorhombic to rhombohedral symmetry with an increase in PZN concentration. The AFE→FE phase transition was found in the compositions of 0.00 ≤ x ≤ 0.20, and its temperatures were decreased by increasing the concentration of PZN. Furthermore, the temperature range width of the FE phase was increased by increasing the amount of PZN. This interruption caused the appearance of a rhombohedral ferroelectric phase when the amount of PZN was more than 20 mol%. Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
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    Synthesis and morphology evolution of lead-free piezoelectric K 1/2Na1/2NbO3 powder at low temperature
    (2009-12-01)
    Chaiyo, Nopsiri
    ;
    Ruangphanit, Anucha
    ;
    ;
    Niemcharoen, Surasak
    ;
    Sangseub, Atchara
    A synthetic route for modified solid state reaction has been developed for the synthesis of the perovskite phase of potassium sodium niobate, K1/2Na1/2NbO3 (KNN). Potassium oxalate monohydrate (K2C2O4.H2O) and sodium oxalate (Na2C2O4) were employed as a source of potassium and sodium, respectively. The formation of the K1/2Na1/2NbO3 phase was investigated as a function of calcination conditions by TG-DTA and XRD techniques. Morphology and particle size were determined via an SEM technique. It was found that the minor phases of Na2CO3 and K2CO3 tend to form together with K1/2Na1/2NbO3, depending on calcination conditions. The perovskite phase was successfully synthesized at a low temperature of 400°C. As calcination temperatures increased from 600° to 850°C, the KNN solid solution became more homogeneous, XRD peaks became narrower, and a pattern similar to that expected for orthorhombic K1/2Na1/2NbO3 was achieved after 600°C, as indicated by the separate peaks of 0 2 2 and 2 0 0. Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
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    Crossover from antiferroelectric to normal ferroelectric behavior in lead zirconate - lead nickel niobate ceramics prepared by the reaction sintering process
    The lead zirconate - lead nickel niobate ceramics, (1-x)PbZrO3 - xPb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3 (PZ-PNN) with x = 0.00-0.10, have been prepared by reaction sintering. Without any calcination involved, the mixture of raw materials was pressed and sintered directly. The PZ-PNN ceramics could be obtained after 6 h sintering at 1,100-1,250°C. The crystal structure data obtained from XRD indicate that the PZ-PNN, where x = 0.00-0.10, successively transforms from orthorhombic to rhombohedral symmetry with an increase in the PNN concentration around x = 0.08. The antiferroelectric phase (AFE) → ferroelectric phase (FE) transition occurs in compositions of 0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.08. The AFE → FE phase transition shifts to lower temperatures with higher compositions of x. The FE phase temperature range width increases with increased PNN. Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
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    Effect of Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3 additions on phase structure, ferroelectric and dielectric properties of PbZrO3 ceramics
    (2009-12-01)
    Banlue, Wanwimon
    ;
    Polycrystalline samples of (1-x)PbZrO3-xPb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3, where x = 0.0-0.3, were prepared by the columbite method. Sintering was performed at 1,250°C for 2-4 h in PbO atmosphere. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to investigate pure phase perovskite in sintered ceramics. Moreover, dielectric and ferroelectric properties have been determined via dielectric spectroscopy and hysteresis loop measurement, respectively. Complete solid solutions of the perovskite phase of PZ-PZN ceramics were obtained in all compositions. The phase transformation from orthorhombic to rhombohedral was observed at composition 0.2 < x < 0.3. Furthermore, a change from antiferroelectric behavior in the PZ ceramic to normal ferroelectric behavior in PZ-PZN ceramics was observed in composition 0.1 < x < 0.2. These results clearly show the significance of added PZN in reducing the antiferroelectric behavior in PZ ceramic. Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.